隨著制造業的(de)(de)(de)(de)快(kuai)速發展，如(ru)何提高(gao)(gao)生(sheng)產效率(lv)和產品品質已成為各大企業面(mian)臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)問題。而(er)等(deng)離子(zi)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)出現，正是解(jie)決這一問題的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)突破。相較(jiao)于(yu)(yu)傳統的(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)，等(deng)離子(zi)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)技術(shu)具有(you)精度高(gao)(gao)而(er)且效率(lv)快(kuai)、適用范圍(wei)廣等(deng)優(you)(you)點。它可(ke)以(yi)(yi)用于(yu)(yu)各種材(cai)質的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)處理，如(ru)不銹鋼、銅、鎂合金等(deng)等(deng)。同時，該(gai)技術(shu)也可(ke)以(yi)(yi)滿足制造領域(yu)對(dui)于(yu)(yu)表(biao)面(mian)精度和光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)潔度的(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求。等(deng)離子(zi)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)技術(shu)是一種基(ji)于(yu)(yu)等(deng)離子(zi)體原(yuan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面(mian)處理技術(shu)。它利用離子(zi)放電(dian)原(yuan)理，通過高(gao)(gao)速電(dian)子(zi)束的(de)(de)(de)(de)轟擊和化學反應，使(shi)樣件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)微(wei)(wei)觀凸起的(de)(de)(de)(de)位置(zhi)材(cai)料優(you)(you)先去除，從而(er)實現表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)微(wei)(wei)觀整平。在一定(ding)條件(jian)下，該(gai)技術(shu)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)達到非常高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)精度和光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)潔度，具有(you)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用價值。效率(lv)：一般(ban)金屬工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，每(mei)次拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)時間在3-5分鐘，根據工(gong)(gong)件(jian)尺寸，每(mei)次拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數量不一樣，越(yue)小的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)件(jian)，每(mei)次可(ke)以(yi)(yi)拋(pao)(pao)(pao)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)數量越(yue)多。

超聲(sheng)波(bo)拋光是(shi)利用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具諾面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)作(zuo)(zuo)超聲(sheng)頻振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，通(tong)過磨(mo)料(liao)(liao)浮(fu)液(ye)(ye)(ye)拋光脆硬材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種(zhong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法(fa)。加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)拋光區(qu)加(jia)(jia)(jia)入帶(dai)有(you)(you)(you)磨(mo)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)，并使(shi)拋光工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)保持一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靜壓(ya)力(li)(3~5N)，推動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)拋光工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具作(zuo)(zuo)平行(xing)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)往復運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，運動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)頻率為每(mei)分鐘(zhong)10~30次(ci)超聲(sheng)換能(neng)器產生16 000Hz以(yi)(yi)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)超聲(sheng)頻縱向振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，并借助于(yu)變(bian)幅桿把(ba)振(zhen)幅放(fang)大(da)到(dao)10 ~ 20m左右，驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)地光工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具端(duan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)作(zuo)(zuo)超聲(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)，迫(po)使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)懸浮(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)粒以(yi)(yi)很(hen)(hen)(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)速度(du)(du)和加(jia)(jia)(jia)速度(du)(du)不(bu)斷撞擊(ji)、磨(mo)削被(bei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，把(ba)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)區(qu)域的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)粉碎成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)很(hen)(hen)(hen)細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微粒，并從材(cai)料(liao)(liao)上打(da)(da)擊(ji)下來(lai)(lai)。雖然每(mei)次(ci)打(da)(da)擊(ji)下來(lai)(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)很(hen)(hen)(hen)少，但由于(yu)每(mei)秒鐘(zhong)打(da)(da)擊(ji)次(ci)數多(duo)達16 000次(ci)以(yi)(yi)上，所以(yi)(yi)仍有(you)(you)(you)一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)速度(du)(du)。與此同時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)受到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具端(duan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)超聲(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)而產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高頻、交變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)正負(fu)沖擊(ji)波(bo)和“空化(hua)”作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，促(cu)使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)鉆入被(bei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)微裂(lie)紋處，加(jia)(jia)(jia)劇了機(ji)械破(po)壞作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)。所謂空化(hua)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)，是(shi)指當工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具端(duan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)以(yi)(yi)很(hen)(hen)(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)速度(du)(du)離(li)開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)間隙內形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)負(fu)壓(ya)和局部真(zhen)空，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)體內形成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)很(hen)(hen)(hen)多(duo)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)穴當工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具端(duan)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)以(yi)(yi)很(hen)(hen)(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)速度(du)(du)接近工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)泡，引起極強的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)沖擊(ji)波(bo)，在(zai)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)和相對應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上引起氣(qi)(qi)(qi)蝕(shi)，氣(qi)(qi)(qi)蝕(shi)有(you)(you)(you)兩(liang)個作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong):，當因氣(qi)(qi)(qi)穴所產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)泡時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，在(zai)一瞬間，周圍(wei)介質受到(dao)很(hen)(hen)(hen)大(da)沖擊(ji)力(li)，就用(yong)這個力(li)在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上產生微小的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械蝕(shi)除效果，第二，由于(yu)磨(mo)料(liao)(liao)對表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖擊(ji)和氣(qi)(qi)(qi)蝕(shi)引起的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)顯微裂(lie)紋，在(zai)隨后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)由氣(qi)(qi)(qi)穴吸引作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)把(ba)細(xi)微屑末從工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)表(biao)(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)剝(bo)下來(lai)(lai)。由此可見，超聲(sheng)空化(hua)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)可以(yi)(yi)強化(hua)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程。此外(wai)，正負(fu)交變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)沖擊(ji)也使(shi)懸浮(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)間隙中強迫(po)循環，使(shi)變(bian)鈍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)粒及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)到(dao)更新，切屑能(neng)夠(gou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地排除。超聲(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具具有(you)(you)(you)自刃性，能(neng)防(fang)止磨(mo)具氣(qi)(qi)(qi)孔堵塞(sai)，提(ti)高了磨(mo)削性能(neng)。變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)(ye)壓(ya)沖擊(ji)也使(shi)懸浮(fu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)液(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)間隙中強迫(po)循環，使(shi)變(bian)鈍的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)粒及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)得(de)到(dao)更新，切屑能(neng)夠(gou)及(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)地排除。超聲(sheng)振(zhen)動(dong)(dong)(dong)(dong)使(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具具有(you)(you)(you)自刃性，能(neng)防(fang)止磨(mo)具氣(qi)(qi)(qi)孔堵塞(sai)，提(ti)高了磨(mo)削性能(neng)。

不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)卷(juan)帶(dai)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)設(she)(she)(she)備要實現全自(zi)動(dong)(dong)無人生產(chan)就必須解決上下(xia)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)、將掛(gua)(gua)(gua)具(ju)從(cong)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)卷(juan)帶(dai)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)設(she)(she)(she)備掛(gua)(gua)(gua)架(jia)拿取問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。因為(wei)等離子(zi)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)產(chan)品都是靠(kao)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)具(ju)上的不(bu)銹(xiu)性鋼(gang)絲彈緊在掛(gua)(gua)(gua)具(ju)上面(mian)(mian)的、解決上下(xia)掛(gua)(gua)(gua)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)就得解決怎(zen)樣通(tong)過(guo)機(ji)(ji)構設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)實現自(zi)動(dong)(dong)裝夾。將掛(gua)(gua)(gua)具(ju)從(cong)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)卷(juan)帶(dai)拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)設(she)(she)(she)備掛(gua)(gua)(gua)架(jia)拿取問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)可(ke)以(yi)使用機(ji)(ji)械手來實現拿取，也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)通(tong)過(guo)機(ji)(ji)構設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)、讓整個掛(gua)(gua)(gua)架(jia)移出拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)外(wai)面(mian)(mian)來抓取掛(gua)(gua)(gua)具(ju)、再移回拋(pao)光(guang)(guang)機(ji)(ji)里面(mian)(mian)。