光伏(fu)發電(dian)的(de)優點(dian)光伏(fu)發電(dian)本(ben)身不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)使用燃料，大型光伏(fu)電(dian)站(zhan)公司，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)排放包括(kuo)室溫氣體和其他(ta)廢氣在內的(de)任何物(wu)質，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)污染空(kong)氣，家庭光伏(fu)電(dian)站(zhan)多少錢，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)產生(sheng)噪(zao)聲(sheng)，對環(huan)境友好，不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)會遭受能(neng)源(yuan)危機(ji)或燃料市(shi)場不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)穩定而(er)造(zao)成的(de)沖(chong)擊，是真(zhen)正綠色環(huan)保的(de)新型可再生(sheng)能(neng)源(yuan)。光伏(fu)電(dian)池組件結構簡單(dan)，體積小，重量輕，便(bian)于運輸(shu)和安裝。光伏(fu)發電(dian)系統建設周(zhou)期(qi)短，而(er)根據用電(dian)負荷容量可大可小，方便(bian)靈活，極易組合(he)、擴容。

光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)效應：如果光(guang)(guang)(guang)線照(zhao)射在(zai)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池上(shang)(shang)并且光(guang)(guang)(guang)在(zai)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)被吸收(shou)，具有足夠(gou)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)子(zi)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)在(zai)P型(xing)(xing)硅和(he)N型(xing)(xing)硅中(zhong)將電(dian)(dian)子(zi)從共價(jia)鍵中(zhong)激發，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)價(jia)錢，以致(zhi)產(chan)生電(dian)(dian)子(zi)-空穴(xue)(xue)對。界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)附近的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)和(he)空穴(xue)(xue)在(zai)復合之(zhi)前，將通過(guo)空間(jian)電(dian)(dian)荷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)場(chang)作用被相互分離。電(dian)(dian)子(zi)向帶正電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)N區和(he)空穴(xue)(xue)向帶負(fu)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)P區運動。通過(guo)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)荷分離，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，將在(zai)P區和(he)N區之(zhi)間(jian)產(chan)生一(yi)個向外的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可測試(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)壓。此時可在(zai)硅片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)兩邊加上(shang)(shang)電(dian)(dian)極并接入電(dian)(dian)壓表。對晶(jing)體硅太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池來說，開路(lu)電(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)典(dian)型(xing)(xing)數值為0。5～0。6V。通過(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)在(zai)界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)－空穴(xue)(xue)對越(yue)(yue)多(duo)，電(dian)(dian)流(liu)越(yue)(yue)大(da)。界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)吸收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)越(yue)(yue)多(duo)，界(jie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)即(ji)電(dian)(dian)池面(mian)(mian)(mian)積越(yue)(yue)大(da)，在(zai)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池中(zhong)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)流(liu)也(ye)越(yue)(yue)大(da)。

影響(xiang)光(guang)(guang)伏組件發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量的(de)因素天氣(qi)(qi)因素：天氣(qi)(qi)原因也(ye)是(shi)影響(xiang)組件發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)效(xiao)(xiao)能的(de)因素之一。陰雨天氣(qi)(qi)以及云層較厚時(shi)，太(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)輻(fu)照(zhao)強(qiang)度減小(xiao)，電(dian)(dian)池片吸收的(de)太(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)較少，發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量降低(di)，低(di)輻(fu)照(zhao)下單晶(jing)弱光(guang)(guang)響(xiang)應優于多晶(jing)。在太(tai)陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)池組件的(de)轉換效(xiao)(xiao)率一定(ding)的(de)情況(kuang)下，光(guang)(guang)伏系統的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量是(shi)由(you)太(tai)陽(yang)的(de)輻(fu)射強(qiang)度決(jue)定(ding)的(de)。光(guang)(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)量直接與太(tai)陽(yang)輻(fu)射量有關，太(tai)陽(yang)的(de)輻(fu)射強(qiang)度、光(guang)(guang)譜特性是(shi)隨著氣(qi)(qi)象條件而改變(bian)的(de)。