太陽能路燈光(guang)伏(fu)效應(ying)基(ji)本(ben)原理介紹

太陽能(neng)路燈是利(li)用光生(sheng)伏應原(yuan)理制成的太陽能(neng)電池白天電池板接(jie)收太陽輻射能(neng)并轉化(hua)為電能(neng)輸出，光生(sheng)伏應是指半導體在受到光照射時(shi)產生(sheng)電動(dong)勢的現象。

光(guang)生伏(fu)應(ying)簡稱光(guang)伏(fu)效應(ying)，風(feng)光(guang)互補控制器(qi)指(zhi)光(guang)照(zhao)使不(bu)(bu)均勻半導體(ti)或半導體(ti)與金屬(shu)結合的不(bu)(bu)同部位之間產(chan)生電位差的現象(xiang)。它(ta)首(shou)先是(shi)由光(guang)子(zi)(光(guang)波)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化為電子(zi)、光(guang)能量轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化為電能量的過程(cheng);其次，是(shi)形成電壓過程(cheng)。有(you)了電壓，就像筑高(gao)了大壩(ba)，如(ru)果兩(liang)者之間連通，就會形成電流的回(hui)路。

如果光(guang)線照射在(zai)(zai)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池上并且光(guang)在(zai)(zai)界面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)被吸(xi)收，具有足夠(gou)(gou)能(neng)量的光(guang)子(zi)能(neng)夠(gou)(gou)在(zai)(zai)P型(xing)硅(gui)和N型(xing)硅(gui)中將(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)從共(gong)價鍵中激發，晉(jin)中公園太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路燈，以致產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)-空(kong)(kong)穴(xue)(xue)對(dui)。界面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)附近的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)和空(kong)(kong)穴(xue)(xue)在(zai)(zai)復合(he)之前，將(jiang)通過(guo)空(kong)(kong)間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場作用被相互(hu)分離。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)向(xiang)(xiang)帶正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的N區(qu)和空(kong)(kong)穴(xue)(xue)向(xiang)(xiang)帶負電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的P區(qu)運動。通過(guo)界面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷(he)分離，將(jiang)在(zai)(zai)P區(qu)和N區(qu)之間產生一個(ge)向(xiang)(xiang)外的可測試的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。此時可在(zai)(zai)硅(gui)片(pian)的兩邊加上電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極并接(jie)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)表。對(dui)晶體硅(gui)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池來說，開路電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)的典型(xing)數值為0.5～0.6V。通過(guo)光(guang)照在(zai)(zai)界面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)產生的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)-空(kong)(kong)穴(xue)(xue)對(dui)越多(duo)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)越大。界面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)吸(xi)收的光(guang)能(neng)越多(duo)，界面(mian)層(ceng)(ceng)即電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池面(mian)積越大，在(zai)(zai)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池中形成(cheng)的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)也越大。

太(tai)(tai)陽能是(shi)未來(lai)清潔、安全和可靠的(de)能源，發達國家(jia)正(zheng)在把太(tai)(tai)陽能的(de)開發利(li)用作為能源革命主要內(nei)容(rong)長期(qi)規(gui)劃(hua)。

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鄉村太陽能路燈(deng)和(he)普通路燈(deng)的(de)區(qu)別

太陽(yang)(yang)能路燈在農村蓬(peng)勃發展這(zhe)一(yi)事(shi)件(jian)反(fan)映出(chu)太陽(yang)(yang)能路燈特別適合農村道(dao)路，原(yuan)因(yin)如(ru)下：不(bu)用(yong)走線，成本低。太陽(yang)(yang)能路燈主要節省(sheng)埋地線材料，施工成本。線路

安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)簡單(dan)，公園太陽(yang)能路(lu)燈廠，無需人員即(ji)可(ke)完成。如今太陽(yang)能路(lu)燈接線(xian)有預(yu)防錯誤(wu)的公母頭，不需要人員就可(ke)以接線(xian)，其他工作(zuo)就是(shi)擰螺絲組(zu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)。而且市電路(lu)燈至少需要電工。

安(an)全(quan)，農村道路(lu)是行人、車輛混合的(de)，尤其(qi)是兒童(tong)上學(xue)、下(xia)學(xue)、雨(yu)天如果路(lu)燈漏電(dian)，容(rong)易(yi)發生安(an)全(quan)事(shi)故(gu)。而且太(tai)陽能(neng)路(lu)燈也不用擔心。

如何(he)測試太陽(yang)能路(lu)燈的質量？  

1、路燈(deng)燈(deng)桿的防腐(fu)工藝(yi)：  

請注(zhu)意(yi)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路(lu)燈燈桿是(shi)熱浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)還是(shi)冷浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)。熱浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)和(he)冷浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)之間的區別是(shi)切口。熱浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)在(zai)切口上(shang)仍(reng)然(ran)有涂層(ceng)，冷浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅(xin)(xin)在(zai)切口上(shang)。

無涂(tu)層。燈(deng)頭的(de)一半為(wei)60，壁厚(hou)約為(wei)2.8。下端與高度相關，并且具有圓錐比率(lv)，并且壁厚(hou)約為(wei)4。熱浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅燈(deng)桿的(de)壽(shou)(shou)命通常超過(guo)20，而冷浸(jin)鍍(du)鋅燈(deng)桿的(de)壽(shou)(shou)命超過(guo)20。燈(deng)桿的(de)使用壽(shou)(shou)命通常約為(wei)1年。  

2、太陽能電池(chi)：  

檢(jian)查太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)電池(chi)是否為儲能(neng)電池(chi)。如(ru)今，路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)市場參差不齊，公園(yuan)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)工廠，許多小公司使用普通的(de)動力電池(chi)，極大地損(sun)害(hai)了太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)路(lu)燈(deng)(deng)的(de)使用壽命。  

3、LED路(lu)燈頭(tou)(tou)：太陽能(neng)路(lu)燈燈頭(tou)(tou)的觀(guan)察，即LED路(lu)燈頭(tou)(tou)，其外殼的厚度是一個非(fei)常重(zhong)要的因素。

路(lu)燈燈頭內部的(de)結構包括鋁(lv)基板(ban)(ban)，鋁(lv)板(ban)(ban)和恒定電流源。與這些東西的(de)大小和厚度相比，基本上可以確定燈頭的(de)質量。