隨著現代(dai)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)的快速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)，機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)快速(su)發(fa)展(zhan)，慢慢的涌現出了許多的機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)方法(fa)，比如微型機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)、快速(su)成(cheng)(cheng)形技(ji)術(shu)、精(jing)密(mi)超精(jing)密(mi)加工(gong)技(ji)術(shu)等。精(jing)密(mi)和超精(jing)密(mi)加工(gong)時現代(dai)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)制造技(ji)術(shu)的一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)重(zhong)要(yao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)部分，是(shi)衡量一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)國家高科技(ji)制造業水平高低的重(zhong)要(yao)指標之一(yi)(yi)(yi)。工(gong)序(xu)是(shi)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)工(gong)藝過(guo)程的基(ji)本單元。所(suo)謂工(gong)序(xu)是(shi)指一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)（或一(yi)(yi)(yi)組(zu)）工(gong)人，在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)臺(tai)機(ji)床(chuang)上(或一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)(ge)工(gong)作地點），蕪湖機(ji)械(xie)(xie)加工(gong)，對(dui)同一(yi)(yi)(yi)工(gong)件(jian)（或同時對(dui)幾個(ge)(ge)工(gong)件(jian)）所(suo)連續完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)的那(nei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)部分工(gong)藝過(guo)程。

制造(zao)廠的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)條件，包括機床設(she)備(bei)(bei)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)設(she)備(bei)(bei)的(de)規格、性能和(he)現有(you)的(de)狀(zhuang)態、工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)技術水平、工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠自制工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)裝備(bei)(bei)的(de)能力(li)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠供(gong)電、供(gong)氣(qi)的(de)能力(li)等有(you)關資料。制定機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)過程，必須(xu)確定該工(gong)(gong)(gong)件要(yao)經過幾道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)進行的(de)先后順序(xu)，僅列出主要(yao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)名稱及(ji)(ji)其(qi)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)順序(xu)的(de)簡略(lve)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)過程，稱為工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)路線。應使工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)過程有(you)較高的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)效(xiao)率(lv)，機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠，通過加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)得(de)到成(cheng)品能盡(jin)快正常使用；三是應設(she)法降低制造(zao)成(cheng)本；四是要(yao)能夠減(jian)輕(qing)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)業強度，機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中心，以(yi)(yi)及(ji)(ji)還能夠讓加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)安全(quan)進行。

為(wei)提高工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件質量和(he)(he)延長使用壽命，需去除所(suo)有(you)金屬(shu)精密(mi)件上(shang)的(de)(de)毛刺。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件表面、銳角(jiao)和(he)(he)棱邊必(bi)須達到(dao)極高的(de)(de)金屬(shu)潔凈度(du)，必(bi)要時，必(bi)須適用于(yu)非(fei)電鍍和(he)(he)電鍍金屬(shu)。機(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是一(yi)種用加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機(ji)械對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件的(de)(de)外形尺寸或性能進行(xing)改變的(de)(de)過程(cheng)。按被加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件處(chu)于(yu)的(de)(de)溫度(du)狀態﹐分為(wei)冷加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)熱加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。零部(bu)件上(shang)面有(you)多(duo)個(ge)(ge)型(xing)腔(qiang)，加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)時候，不宜采(cai)(cai)用一(yi)個(ge)(ge)型(xing)腔(qiang)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)型(xing)腔(qiang)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方式進行(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)排列，這(zhe)樣很(hen)容易造成(cheng)零部(bu)件受(shou)力不均勻而產生變形，附近機(ji)械加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)廠，采(cai)(cai)用分層(ceng)多(duo)次(ci)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，每一(yi)層(ceng)盡量同(tong)時加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)到(dao)所(suo)有(you)的(de)(de)型(xing)腔(qiang)，然后在加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)上(shang)下一(yi)個(ge)(ge)層(ceng)次(ci)，讓(rang)零件均勻受(shou)力減(jian)小發生形變的(de)(de)概(gai)率(lv)。