家庭光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安(an)裝(zhuang)時，要(yao)求屋(wu)頂的周圍沒有(you)(you)大(da)面積的遮擋，如果在意裝(zhuang)機屋(wu)頂的東、南(nan)、西(xi)方(fang)向有(you)(you)高大(da)建筑或者高大(da)樹(shu)木，工廠光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格(ge)，安(an)裝(zhuang)時需要(yao)注意，根(gen)據當地的太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)傾角(jiao)和太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)一(yi)天的運動軌跡來判斷是(shi)否(fou)可(ke)以裝(zhuang)，或者避開陰影至多(duo)(duo)可(ke)以裝(zhuang)多(duo)(duo)少規模。獨立(li)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也(ye)叫離網(wang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要(yao)由太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件(jian)、控制器、蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組成，若要(yao)為交(jiao)流(liu)負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，還(huan)需要(yao)配置(zhi)交(jiao)流(liu)逆變器。太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)由于光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)生伏應(ying)，而將太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)直接轉化為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的器件(jian)，是(shi)一(yi)個半導體光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極管，當太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照到光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極管上時，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極管就會把太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)的光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)變成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。當許多(duo)(duo)個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)串聯(lian)或并聯(lian)起來，就可(ke)以成為有(you)(you)比(bi)較(jiao)大(da)的輸出功率的太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)方(fang)陣了。

我國(guo)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)并網發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)已經非(fei)常成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)。2013年以來，國(guo)家(jia)出臺了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)系列光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)促進政(zheng)策(ce)，鼓勵地方(fang)產業、家(jia)庭和公共(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)建(jian)設(she)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)施。光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是利用(yong)半(ban)導體界面(mian)的光(guang)生伏(fu)(fu)應而將(jiang)光(guang)能(neng)直接轉變(bian)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的一(yi)種技術(shu)(shu)。主要(yao)由太陽(yang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池板（組(zu)件(jian)）、控制器(qi)和逆變(bian)器(qi)三大部(bu)(bu)分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，主要(yao)部(bu)(bu)件(jian)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子元器(qi)件(jian)構成(cheng)(cheng)。與風力發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、生物質(zhi)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、核能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等新型發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)(shu)相比，太陽(yang)能(neng)資源分布廣泛(fan)、用(yong)之不(bu)(bu)竭、用(yong)之不(bu)(bu)竭，因此(ci)得到了(le)(le)(le)廣泛(fan)的應用(yong)。如今，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術(shu)(shu)正變(bian)得越來越成(cheng)(cheng)熟(shu)，到了(le)(le)(le)航天設(she)備(bei)，到了(le)(le)(le)家(jia)用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)，各種'光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)+'的新形式的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力也隨處(chu)可見。

家庭光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安裝時，要(yao)求屋頂的(de)(de)(de)周圍沒有大(da)面積(ji)的(de)(de)(de)遮擋，如果在意裝機屋頂的(de)(de)(de)東、南(nan)、西方向(xiang)有高大(da)建筑(zhu)或者(zhe)高大(da)樹木，安裝時需要(yao)注意，根(gen)據當地(di)的(de)(de)(de)太陽傾(qing)角和太陽一天的(de)(de)(de)運動軌跡來判斷是否可(ke)以裝，或者(zhe)避開陰影(ying)至多(duo)可(ke)以裝多(duo)少(shao)規模。光伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)太陽能電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組件陣列將(jiang)太陽能轉換(huan)輸出的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能，經過直流(liu)(liu)匯流(liu)(liu)箱(xiang)集(ji)中送入直流(liu)(liu)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜，由并網逆變器逆變成(cheng)交流(liu)(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)供給建筑(zhu)自身負載，多(duo)余或不足的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力通過聯接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網來調節。帶(dai)有蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)光伏并網發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統常(chang)常(chang)安裝在居(ju)民(min)建筑(zhu)；不帶(dai)蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)并網發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統不具備可(ke)調度性和備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)(de)功能，一般(ban)安裝在較大(da)型的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統上(shang)。