做好吸(xi)痰裝置和吸(xi)痰管(guan)的消毒工作   

每(mei)個(ge)(ge)患者(zhe)的(de)(de)吸(xi)痰(tan)裝置及(ji)用物(wu)應個(ge)(ge)人。吸(xi)痰(tan)用具包(bao)括吸(xi)引器和廢液瓶等均應定期消毒(du)。一(yi)次性吸(xi)痰(tan)管的(de)(de)消毒(du)可按(an)一(yi)次性xing用品的(de)(de)消毒(du)方(fang)法處理，然后(hou)才能丟(diu)棄。橡(xiang)膠(jiao)吸(xi)痰(tan)管做好定時(shi)煮(zhu)沸(fei)消毒(du)，即煮(zhu)沸(fei)—消毒(du)—煮(zhu)沸(fei)，以防(fang)。

密切(qie)觀察(cha)   密切(qie)觀察(cha)吸(xi)痰過程(cheng)中或吸(xi)痰后(hou)患者的反應，詳細記(ji)錄痰液的性質，并做好(hao)交班。。

吸痰器的(de)保養(yang)和制度分4個步驟：

1）用(yong)(yong)(yong)自來(lai)(lai)水(shui)(shui)預先沖(chong)洗連接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，起(qi)到濕潤(run)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)壁和預先清洗異物的(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。2）把(ba)棉(mian)線(xian)引入(ru)連接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)，使(shi)其(qi)貫(guan)穿(chuan)整(zheng)個管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)，并露(lu)出兩(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)。具體方(fang)法(fa)：在(zai)一(yi)(yi)根棉(mian)線(xian)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)打(da)結，同(tong)一(yi)(yi)個點打(da)4～5次，以(yi)結能在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)自由(you)滑動且盡(jin)可能zu大為佳，濕潤(run)整(zheng)根棉(mian)線(xian)，把(ba)打(da)結的(de)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)前(qian)(qian)面(mian)未打(da)結部(bu)分剪去(qu)。將(jiang)打(da)的(de)結放入(ru)連接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)內，往里送(song)棉(mian)線(xian)。此時(shi)，把(ba)連接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)順(shun)直，進(jin)線(xian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)放在(zai)自來(lai)(lai)水(shui)(shui)下，另一(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)放在(zai)500ml的(de)空瓶中(zhong)，邊(bian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)往管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中(zhong)沖(chong)洗，嬰兒(er)吸痰(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，邊(bian)送(song)棉(mian)線(xian)進(jin)入(ru)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)，依靠(kao)水(shui)(shui)沖(chong)的(de)力量和重力作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，濟源吸痰(tan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，使(shi)棉(mian)線(xian)進(jin)入(ru)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)中(zhong)（棉(mian)線(xian)前(qian)(qian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)打(da)結處相當于漂(piao)浮導管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)前(qian)(qian)端(duan)(duan)(duan)，更利于棉(mian)線(xian)進(jin)入(ru)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)），直至整(zheng)個管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)被棉(mian)線(xian)貫(guan)穿(chuan)。此過程中(zhong)當瓶中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)滿(man)時(shi)及時(shi)倒掉。

低氧血癥 

 負壓吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)時(shi)(shi)(shi)停(ting)(ting)止(zhi)了機械通(tong)氣，停(ting)(ting)止(zhi)了氧(yang)(yang)療(liao)，也帶走了部分肺泡內的(de)(de)氣體，如(ru)果吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)前未能有(you)效(xiao)充分給(gei)氧(yang)(yang)、使用的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)太粗、負壓過高(gao)、吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)太長、吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)過于頻繁，就容易發生低(di)氧(yang)(yang)血(xue)(xue)癥(zheng)(zheng)。低(di)氧(yang)(yang)血(xue)(xue)癥(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)預防應針對以(yi)上可(ke)(ke)能的(de)(de)原(yuan)因而給(gei)予相應的(de)(de)處理，如(ru)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)前應將(jiang)FiO2暫(zan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)提高(gao)至，可(ke)(ke)由兩個人共(gong)同完成吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)操作，對能配(pei)合的(de)(de)患者可(ke)(ke)指導(dao)其在吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)前深呼吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)3—4次，一次性小兒(er)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)價格，吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)后繼續高(gao)濃(nong)度吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氧(yang)(yang)數分鐘。吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)密(mi)切(qie)監測血(xue)(xue)氧(yang)(yang)飽(bao)(bao)和度，觀察皮膚(fu)、黏(nian)膜(mo)顏色及脈搏(bo)、心率等。當血(xue)(xue)氧(yang)(yang)飽(bao)(bao)和度<90%時(shi)(shi)(shi)提示低(di)氧(yang)(yang)血(xue)(xue)癥(zheng)(zheng)，小兒(er)一次性吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)，應停(ting)(ting)止(zhi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)，并短(duan)時(shi)(shi)(shi)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)氧(yang)(yang)。應選(xuan)擇適合的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)痰(tan)(tan)管(guan)，以(yi)達到(dao)有(you)效(xiao)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)引(yin)，不導(dao)致缺(que)氧(yang)(yang)。