光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)EPC是(shi)Engineering（工(gong)(gong)程）、Procurement（采(cai)購(gou)(gou)）、Ctruction（施(shi)工(gong)(gong)）一(yi)體(ti)化(hua)的(de)(de)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)。在(zai)(zai)此(ci)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)下，總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)商負責光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)從設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)到(dao)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)，再到(dao)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)全(quan)過程，終向業主交付(fu)一(yi)個符合(he)合(he)同(tong)約定的(de)(de)光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。這種模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)優勢(shi)顯著。首先，它降低了業主的(de)(de)風險(xian)，因為(wei)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)風險(xian)被轉移給了總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)商。其次，EPC模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)提高了項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)效率，總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)商通過整(zheng)合(he)各環節(jie)資(zi)源，光伏(fu)太陽能電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，實現設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)無縫(feng)銜接，從而加快了項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)進(jin)度。此(ci)外，由于EPC模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)強調(diao)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)商在(zai)(zai)前(qian)期就參與(yu)到(dao)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)中，與(yu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)、采(cai)購(gou)(gou)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)部門緊(jin)密合(he)作(zuo)，可(ke)以(yi)確保(bao)后續(xu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)科(ke)學性與(yu)合(he)理性，進(jin)一(yi)步提高項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)質(zhi)量。在(zai)(zai)實際運作(zuo)中，EPC總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)商在(zai)(zai)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)前(qian)期準備(bei)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)(duan)(duan)會組建團(tuan)(tuan)隊進(jin)行可(ke)行性研究、方案設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)等(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)；在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)程設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，會委托(tuo)團(tuan)(tuan)隊進(jin)行光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)；在(zai)(zai)設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)采(cai)購(gou)(gou)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，會根據設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方案采(cai)購(gou)(gou)所需設(she)(she)(she)備(bei)；在(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)安(an)裝(zhuang)階(jie)(jie)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，會組織的(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)團(tuan)(tuan)隊進(jin)行安(an)裝(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)；，在(zai)(zai)調(diao)試(shi)運行階(jie)(jie)段(duan)(duan)(duan)，會進(jin)行系(xi)統調(diao)試(shi)和測試(shi)，確保(bao)光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)正(zheng)常運行。總(zong)(zong)之，光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)EPC模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式(shi)(shi)(shi)以(yi)其降低風險(xian)、提率、保(bao)障(zhang)質(zhi)量等(deng)(deng)優勢(shi)，在(zai)(zai)光伏(fu)電站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)建設(she)(she)(she)中得到(dao)了廣泛應(ying)用(yong)。

低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)是一種在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)地(di)安裝光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)，其(qi)特點在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)于(yu)將(jiang)太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)直接轉(zhuan)換為電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，并(bing)倡導(dao)就(jiu)近發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、就(jiu)近并(bing)網、就(jiu)近轉(zhuan)換、就(jiu)近使用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)原則。相(xiang)較于(yu)集中式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)具有(you)(you)(you)顯著的(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)。首先，其(qi)建(jian)設(she)周期短(duan)，投資成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)低(di)(di)(di)，且(qie)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使得這種發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經濟性(xing)上(shang)更具競爭力(li)(li)。其(qi)次，分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)輸出功率相(xiang)對較小(xiao)，通常接入低(di)(di)(di)于(yu)35千伏(fu)或更低(di)(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)等級(ji)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，對發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效率的(de)(de)(de)影響較小(xiao)，同(tong)時其(qi)經濟性(xing)也(ye)并(bing)未因此降低(di)(di)(di)。此外，低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)存，要求盡可能(neng)(neng)(neng)就(jiu)地(di)消納，這在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)一定程度上(shang)緩解(jie)了局地(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張的(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。尤其(qi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)白(bai)天，當光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)出力(li)(li)高且(qie)人們對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)需求大時，其(qi)優(you)勢(shi)更為明顯。從技術特點來看，低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)還具有(you)(you)(you)環(huan)保效益突出的(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過(guo)程中，它不(bu)(bu)會產生噪聲(sheng)，也(ye)不(bu)(bu)會對空(kong)氣和水(shui)造成(cheng)(cheng)污染，有(you)(you)(you)助于(yu)實現(xian)綠色(se)、可持(chi)續的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源利用(yong)(yong)(yong)。總的(de)(de)(de)來說，低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)是一種、經濟且(qie)環(huan)保的(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)，具有(you)(you)(you)廣闊的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)前景。它不(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可以(yi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)各類建(jian)筑物和公共設(she)施(shi)上(shang)推(tui)廣，形成(cheng)(cheng)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)建(jian)筑光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)，還可以(yi)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)農業(ye)設(she)施(shi)等領域(yu)，提高用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保障和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)質(zhi)量(liang)。隨著技術的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)斷(duan)進步和成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)的(de)(de)(de)進一步降低(di)(di)(di)，低(di)(di)(di)壓(ya)分布(bu)式(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)有(you)(you)(you)望在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)未來的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源領域(yu)發揮(hui)更加重要的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)(yong)。

EPC光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)，即光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總承包，是一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)廣(guang)(guang)泛應用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式。它指的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是一(yi)(yi)家企業負責(ze)整個(ge)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計與建設(she)，直至(zhi)交付使用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，包括項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)前期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可行性研究(jiu)、設(she)計、設(she)備采(cai)購(gou)、工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)、調試驗收等環節(jie)(jie)。這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式對(dui)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)推(tui)進具有顯著的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)(yong)。首先，EPC光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式有助于降(jiang)低業主(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風(feng)險。在(zai)這(zhe)(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式下，業主(zhu)將(jiang)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)設(she)計、采(cai)購(gou)、施(shi)工(gong)等風(feng)險轉移給了總承包商。總承包商需要(yao)(yao)對(dui)整個(ge)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進度(du)、質量、成本等進行管理和控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，從而(er)確保項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)按照合(he)(he)同約定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)順利完(wan)成。其次(ci)，EPC光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式能(neng)夠提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)執行效(xiao)率(lv)。總承包商通過(guo)整合(he)(he)設(she)計、采(cai)購(gou)、施(shi)工(gong)等環節(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)源(yuan)，實(shi)現了各環節(jie)(jie)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無縫銜接，避免了傳(chuan)統模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式下可能(neng)出(chu)現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溝通不(bu)暢(chang)、資(zi)源(yuan)浪費等問題(ti)，從而(er)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)了項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)整體執行效(xiao)率(lv)。此外，EPC光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式還有助于優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成本控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。總承包商通過(guo)集中(zhong)采(cai)購(gou)、優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)設(she)計方(fang)案等措施(shi)，有效(xiao)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)了項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成本，實(shi)現了項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)收益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大(da)化(hua)(hua)。這(zhe)(zhe)不(bu)僅有助于提(ti)(ti)升項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益(yi)，還能(neng)夠為業主(zhu)帶(dai)來更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投資(zi)回報。綜上所述，EPC光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式在(zai)降(jiang)低業主(zhu)風(feng)險、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)效(xiao)率(lv)以(yi)及優(you)(you)化(hua)(hua)成本控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)等方(fang)面(mian)發(fa)揮了重要(yao)(yao)作用(yong)(yong)。隨著光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)技術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷發(fa)展和普及，EPC模(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)式將(jiang)在(zai)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)中(zhong)得(de)到更廣(guang)(guang)泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)和推(tui)廣(guang)(guang)。