外腳手架施工要點

剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)撐(cheng)(cheng)設置:縱向剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)撐(cheng)(cheng)應在(zai)外立(li)面連(lian)續設置，臨(lin)湖(hu)鎮腳手架出租，每道剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)撐(cheng)(cheng)寬度(du)不(bu)小(xiao)于(yu)(yu)4跨、不(bu)大于(yu)(yu)6跨，且與(yu)地(di)面成(cheng)45°~60°角，每個(ge)交叉點均應用(yong)(yong)旋轉扣件將剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)撐(cheng)(cheng)斜(xie)桿與(yu)立(li)桿或小(xiao)橫(heng)桿伸出端固(gu)定(ding)，接(jie)(jie)頭中(zhong)(zhong)心至主節點的(de)距離不(bu)宜大于(yu)(yu)150，剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)撐(cheng)(cheng)斜(xie)桿的(de)接(jie)(jie)長宜采(cai)用(yong)(yong)搭接(jie)(jie)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)，接(jie)(jie)頭要求(qiu)與(yu)立(li)桿搭接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)頭要求(qiu)相(xiang)(xiang)同(tong)，轉角處和中(zhong)(zhong)間每6跨設一道橫(heng)向剪(jian)(jian)刀(dao)撐(cheng)(cheng)，由底至頂在(zai)同(tong)一件間呈“之”字(zi)型連(lian)續布(bu)置，斜(xie)桿采(cai)用(yong)(yong)不(bu)少于(yu)(yu)2個(ge)旋轉扣件固(gu)定(ding)在(zai)與(yu)之相(xiang)(xiang)交的(de)小(xiao)橫(heng)桿的(de)伸出端，各接(jie)(jie)頭中(zhong)(zhong)心至主節點的(de)距離不(bu)宜大于(yu)(yu)150。

不同(tong)(tong)類型的工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)選用不同(tong)(tong)用途的腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)和模板支架(jia)(jia)。目前，工(gong)(gong)地腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)出租，橋梁支撐架(jia)(jia)使(shi)用碗扣腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)的居多，也有使(shi)用門(men)式(shi)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)的。主體(ti)結(jie)構施工(gong)(gong)落地腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)使(shi)用扣件腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)的居多，腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手架(jia)(jia)立桿的縱距一般(ban)為1.2~1.8m；橫距一般(ban)為0.9~1.5m。

作業層腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)應(ying)(ying)鋪(pu)滿(man)、鋪(pu)穩，附近腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)架(jia)出租，離開墻面120~150mm；狹長型腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)，如沖(chong)壓鋼(gang)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)、木腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)、竹(zhu)串(chuan)片腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)等，扣件式(shi)腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)架(jia)出租，應(ying)(ying)設(she)置在三根(gen)橫向水(shui)平(ping)桿上(shang)。當腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)長度小于(yu)2m時，可采用(yong)兩根(gen)橫向水(shui)平(ping)桿支(zhi)承，但應(ying)(ying)將腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)兩端與其可靠(kao)固定(ding)，嚴防傾翻。寬型的竹(zhu)笆腳(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)手(shou)(shou)(shou)板(ban)應(ying)(ying)按其主竹(zhu)筋垂直于(yu)縱向水(shui)平(ping)桿方向鋪(pu)設(she)，且(qie)采用(yong)對接(jie)平(ping)鋪(pu)，四個角應(ying)(ying)用(yong)鍍鋅鋼(gang)絲(si)固定(ding)在縱向水(shui)平(ping)桿上(shang)。

中國現在使(shi)用的(de)用鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)材(cai)料制作(zuo)的(de)腳手架有(you)扣件式(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)腳手架、碗扣式(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)腳手架、承插(cha)式(shi)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)腳手架、門式(shi)腳手架，還(huan)有(you)各式(shi)各樣的(de)里腳手架、掛挑腳手架以(yi)及其(qi)它鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)材(cai)料腳手架。從其(qi)材(cai)料和構造情況來著(zhu)手，并(bing)可將其(qi)大致劃分如下：

按連(lian)結部件的固著(zhu)方式和(he)裝設(she)位(wei)置劃分(fen)

定(ding)距連(lian)接(jie)：即(ji)聯結焊件(jian)在桿(gan)(gan)件(jian)上的定(ding)距設置，桿(gan)(gan)件(jian)長度定(ding)型，聯結點間距定(ding)型；

不定(ding)距(ju)連結(jie)：即聯結(jie)件(jian)為(wei)單設件(jian)，通過(guo)上(shang)緊螺栓可夾持在(zai)桿件(jian)的(de)任何部位(wei)上(shang)。

按工人固定結點的作業(ye)方(fang)式劃(hua)分(fen)

插入打緊；

擰緊螺栓。