光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)分為光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)、并網光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)及分布式光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也叫離網光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要由太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組件、控(kong)制器、蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)組成，若(ruo)要為交流負載供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，還需要配置交流逆變器。光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站包括邊(bian)遠地區的村莊供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)戶用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)，光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站安裝價格，通(tong)信信號電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源、陰極保護、太陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)路燈(deng)等各種(zhong)帶有蓄(xu)(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)的可以(yi)運行的光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。

一個光(guang)伏(fu)陣列之間的(de)(de)組(zu)件(jian)是(shi)(shi)經過串聯(lian)的(de)(de)方法連(lian)接，光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站，遮擋會(hui)影(ying)響全(quan)部陣列的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)。舉例來說(shuo)，假如一個光(guang)伏(fu)陣列是(shi)(shi)6塊(kuai)組(zu)件(jian)，假如其中(zhong)一塊(kuai)組(zu)件(jian)因為遮擋產(chan)生了暗(an)影(ying)，這6塊(kuai)組(zu)件(jian)的(de)(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)都會(hui)受(shou)到影(ying)響。而(er)且，遮擋會(hui)形成組(zu)件(jian)產(chan)生熱斑，屋頂(ding)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站，致使(shi)組(zu)件(jian)的(de)(de)損壞。通常是(shi)(shi)按照(zhao)平面上的(de)(de)光(guang)能輻射總(zong)量(liang)(liang)，光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站收購，換算成光(guang)伏(fu)陣傾斜面的(de)(de)輻射量(liang)(liang)，然后才可以進行(xing)光(guang)伏(fu)系統發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)計算，這就是(shi)(shi)上面說(shuo)的(de)(de)：光(guang)照(zhao)條件(jian)越充(chong)足，發(fa)電(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)越高(gao)。佳傾角和(he)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站所(suo)在地(di)的(de)(de)維度值有關系。

影響光(guang)伏組件(jian)(jian)發(fa)電量的因(yin)素陰影遮擋：組件(jian)(jian)在(zai)工(gong)作過程中(zhong)由于陰影的部(bu)分遮擋以(yi)及(ji)灰塵的沉降(jiang)程度不(bu)(bu)鳥糞的污染會(hui)造(zao)成“熱斑(ban)效應(ying)”，被遮擋部(bu)分組件(jian)(jian)將不(bu)(bu)提供功(gong)率貢獻(xian)并(bing)在(zai)組件(jian)(jian)內部(bu)成為耗能負載，同(tong)時造(zao)成組件(jian)(jian)局(ju)部(bu)溫度升高(gao)，過熱區(qu)域(yu)可引(yin)起EVA加快老化(hua)變黃(huang)，使該區(qu)域(yu)透光(guang)率下降(jiang)，從而使熱斑(ban)進一步惡化(hua)，導致太陽(yang)能電池組件(jian)(jian)的失效加劇。