并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，一般接在(zai)超(chao)(chao)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線的(de)(de)末(mo)端和(he)地之間，用(yong)(yong)來防止(zhi)輸(shu)(shu)(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線由于(yu)(yu)距離很長而(er)引起的(de)(de)工頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)過分(fen)(fen)升高(gao)(gao)，起無功補(bu)償作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)(yu)補(bu)償超(chao)(chao)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)線路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)容(rong)(rong)(rong)性(xing)(xing)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)功率(lv)，有(you)利于(yu)(yu)限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)中工頻(pin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)升高(gao)(gao)和(he)操作(zuo)過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)，降(jiang)(jiang)低超(chao)(chao)高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)水(shui)平；可以改善沿(yan)線電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)(fen)布，增(zeng)加系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)穩定性(xing)(xing)和(he)送電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能力。串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也稱阻尼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)或(huo)密集型電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)相串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)組(zu)(zu)(zu)成無功補(bu)償裝置(zhi)，用(yong)(yong)以限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)合閘涌流(liu)(liu)，及削(xue)減不裝設串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)諧(xie)波(bo)的(de)(de)放(fang)大(da)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)。為了(le)使系(xi)統(tong)(tong)原有(you)諧(xie)波(bo)不致(zhi)因增(zeng)設電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)而(er)放(fang)大(da)，需(xu)裝設串(chuan)(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)回(hui)路(lu)(lu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)諧(xie)波(bo)呈(cheng)感性(xing)(xing)，降(jiang)(jiang)低了(le)母線上的(de)(de)諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量，而(er)且限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)了(le)高(gao)(gao)次諧(xie)波(bo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)流(liu)(liu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)，抑制(zhi)高(gao)(gao)次諧(xie)波(bo)，保(bao)護電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)(rong)(rong)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)是限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)變(bian)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)換相時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)側(ce)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)；抑制(zhi)諧(xie)波(bo)以及并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)變(bian)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)組(zu)(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)解耦(ou)；限(xian)(xian)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)跳躍或(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)操作(zuo)時(shi)所產生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)沖擊。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)短路(lu)(lu)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量與變(bian)流(liu)(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)(rong)(rong)量比(bi)大(da)于(yu)(yu)33:1時(shi)，輸(shu)(shu)(shu)入(ru)(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)相對(dui)(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)降(jiang)(jiang)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)單象(xiang)(xiang)限(xian)(xian)工作(zuo)為2%，四象(xiang)(xiang)限(xian)(xian)為4%。

針 對 BBC 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) CRT 存 在(zai) 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 諧 波 較 大 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de) 主(zhu) 要(yao) 缺點，俄(e)羅斯 G. N. Aleksandrov 在(zai)深入研究后，提(ti)出(chu)了多控制(zhi)繞組(zu)(zu) CRT 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基(ji)本(ben)原理。 CRT 實質上(shang)相當于(yu)高(gao)(gao)短路(lu)阻(zu)抗(kang)(kang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多繞組(zu)(zu)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。 W1 為高(gao)(gao)壓(ya)工作繞組(zu)(zu)，W21、W22、……、W2n 為低(di)壓(ya)控制(zhi)繞組(zu)(zu)，各個(ge)控制(zhi)繞組(zu)(zu)中串接反(fan)并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)晶閘管， 每個(ge) CW 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)額定(ding)功率是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)總額定(ding)功率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部(bu)分(fen)， 主(zhu)要(yao)根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網諧波要(yao)求而定(ding)。一(yi)個(ge)導(dao)體通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時就會(hui)在(zai)其所占據(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)定(ding)空間范圍產生(sheng)磁(ci)場(chang)，所以所有能載流(liu)(liu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)體都有一(yi)般意(yi)義(yi)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)感性。然而通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)長(chang)直導(dao)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感較小，所產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磁(ci)場(chang)不(bu)強，因此(ci)實際的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是導(dao)線繞成螺(luo)線管形式(shi)，稱空心電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機滿負載試驗用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)是并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)雛型。鐵心式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)由于(yu)分(fen)段鐵心餅(bing)之(zhi)間存在(zai)著交變(bian)磁(ci)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)吸引力，因此(ci)噪音一(yi)般要(yao)比同容量變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)高(gao)(gao)出(chu)10dB左右(you)。并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)里面(mian)通(tong)過的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)(liu)，并(bing)(bing)聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用是補償系統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)容抗(kang)(kang)。通(tong)常與(yu)晶閘管串聯(lian)，可連續調(diao)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)(liu)。

本質上(shang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)就(jiu)是一(yi)個(ge)大的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)線(xian)圈。根據(ju)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)感(gan)應(ying)的(de)(de)原理，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)感(gan)應(ying)的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)總(zong)是阻(zu)礙原來(lai)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)的(de)(de)變(bian)化。如果(guo)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)減少(shao)，感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)與(yu)原來(lai)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)方(fang)向(xiang)一(yi)致，如果(guo)磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)增加，感(gan)應(ying)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)與(yu)原來(lai)磁(ci)(ci)場(chang)方(fang)向(xiang)相(xiang)反(fan)。根據(ju)這(zhe)個(ge)原理，如果(guo)回路(lu)突然出現(xian)瞬間電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流增大，那么(me)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感(gan)線(xian)圈產(chan)生(sheng)一(yi)個(ge)阻(zu)礙磁(ci)(ci)通(tong)變(bian)化的(de)(de)反(fan)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)，高壓并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)，在反(fan)響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)的(de)(de)作用(yong)下必(bi)然產(chan)生(sheng)一(yi)個(ge)反(fan)向(xiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流抑(yi)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)瞬間增大，系(xi)統(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓水平。當(dang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓大于(yu)6%時，允許輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)運行。對于(yu)12脈動整流單元(yuan)，至少(shao)需要一(yi)相(xiang)對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降(jiang)為2%的(de)(de)網(wang)側(ce)進(jin)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)。輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要應(ying)用(yong)于(yu)工業/工廠自動化控(kong)制(zhi)系(xi)統(tong)中，安裝在變(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)、調速器(qi)(qi)與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源輸(shu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)之間，用(yong)于(yu)抑(yi)制(zhi)變(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)、調速器(qi)(qi)等產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)浪涌電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，大限(xian)度的(de)(de)衰減系(xi)統(tong)中的(de)(de)高次諧(xie)波及畸變(bian)諧(xie)波。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力系(xi)統(tong)中所采(cai)取的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)常見的(de)(de)有串聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)和(he)并聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)。串聯(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要用(yong)來(lai)限(xian)制(zhi)短路(lu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，也有在濾(lv)波器(qi)(qi)中與(yu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)(qi)串聯(lian)或并聯(lian)用(yong)來(lai)限(xian)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)中的(de)(de)高次諧(xie)波。