光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電池的(de)生產(chan)設(she)備主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)從國(guo)外進口；二是(shi)晶(jing)體硅(gui)材(cai)料(liao)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)從國(guo)外進口；三是(shi)生產(chan)的(de)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電池產(chan)品主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)出口國(guo)外。近年來，在(zai)各方面的(de)共同(tong)努力下(xia)，我(wo)國(guo)部(bu)分企業已(yi)基本掌握了多晶(jing)硅(gui)材(cai)料(liao)的(de)生產(chan)工(gong)藝(yi)，多晶(jing)硅(gui)產(chan)量已(yi)滿足了我(wo)國(guo)50%光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電池生產(chan)需要(yao)(yao)，光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電池生產(chan)設(she)備的(de)國(guo)產(chan)化能力也迅速提高，“三頭(tou)在(zai)外”的(de)狀(zhuang)況有所改(gai)變(bian)，但光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電池產(chan)品市場(chang)在(zai)外的(de)狀(zhuang)況尚未改(gai)變(bian)，許多關鍵裝備和(he)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要(yao)(yao)原輔材(cai)料(liao)的(de)對外依(yi)賴度仍然很高。

太(tai)陽能(neng)資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)主(zhu)要特(te)點是分(fen)布廣泛，太(tai)陽能(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)優勢是分(fen)布式應用(yong)，應由用(yong)戶自行(xing)建設或與相關(guan)投資(zi)者合(he)作，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)板(ban)價(jia)格(ge)，利用(yong)建筑物頂(ding)或附近空閑土地安裝小(xiao)型(xing)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)系(xi)統，低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓接入配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，實現就(jiu)近開發(fa)(fa)就(jiu)近利用(yong)。所發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量主(zhu)要滿足用(yong)戶自身用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需要，多余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量上網(wang)，并與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)進行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)交(jiao)換，由電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)提(ti)供備(bei)用(yong)服務。要促進分(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，就(jiu)要改革(ge)現行(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)管理體制(zhi)(zhi)，實現輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)分(fen)離，開放(fang)用(yong)戶端電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場，把(ba)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)企業(ye)變為提(ti)供輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)服務的(de)(de)(de)專門公司，以輸(shu)送(song)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量多少(shao)作為盈利的(de)(de)(de)基礎，建立公開透明、競爭(zheng)有序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)市(shi)場機制(zhi)(zhi)，為提(ti)高(gao)能(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)效率、促進新能(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)供重要的(de)(de)(de)體制(zhi)(zhi)保障。

另外，建(jian)設光伏電站不能(neng)忽視的(de)(de)(de)問題就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)遮擋問題，如果房屋上有(you)女(nv)兒墻或安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)了太陽能(neng)熱水器(qi)或附近有(you)樹木、線桿等物(wu)(wu)體，就(jiu)(jiu)必須(xu)避開這些(xie)物(wu)(wu)體的(de)(de)(de)陰(yin)影位(wei)置(zhi)，這個需(xu)要(yao)考(kao)慮(lv)物(wu)(wu)體的(de)(de)(de)全年陰(yin)影。光伏電站安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)前需(xu)要(yao)科學的(de)(de)(de)測量和設計(ji)，并不是(shi)有(you)空閑位(wei)置(zhi)就(jiu)(jiu)能(neng)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)。一片小陰(yin)影就(jiu)(jiu)會大大降低(di)光伏電站發電量，千(qian)萬(wan)不要(yao)貪多。雖然說有(you)盈利(li)的(de)(de)(de)可能(neng)跟空間，但光伏發電就(jiu)(jiu)像是(shi)一項(xiang)投資，前期投入好幾(ji)萬(wan)，需(xu)要(yao)幾(ji)年的(de)(de)(de)時間才能(neng)收(shou)回(hui)成本，而整體收(shou)益還(huan)有(you)20余年。