膏(gao)體充填增加了(le)開采(cai)成本。但長遠看，經濟(ji)效益、安全性、環保性都很顯著。這(zhe)種新(xin)技術，可(ke)置換出以(yi)前用(yong)舊技術不(bu)能開采(cai)出的壓煤，資源采(cai)出率(lv)近100%。膏(gao)體材(cai)料(liao)(liao)價格(ge)不(bu)到高水材(cai)料(liao)(liao)的1/4，比進口裝備可(ke)減少2/3的費用(yong)。現在，我(wo)們不(bu)擔(dan)心無(wu)煤可(ke)采(cai)了(le)，也不(bu)擔(dan)心環境污染和礦社關系了(le)。

在我國積極開展生態文明建設的(de)今天，綠(lv)色礦山建設是(shi)其中的(de)構成部(bu)分。粗放式(shi)開采所帶來的(de)資(zi)源采出(chu)率低、安全性(xing)差、環境(jing)破壞嚴重等(deng)問題(ti)，有望隨著膏(gao)體(ti)充填技術的(de)成功國產化與應(ying)用(yong)實施(shi)推廣，獲得(de)接地氣(qi)的(de)經濟型解決方式(shi)。

充(chong)填(tian)(tian)法(fa)是(shi)利用地表中露天(tian)剝離(li)的(de)(de)(de)廢石、開采(cai)廢石或(huo)(huo)選(xuan)礦尾(wei)砂(sha)作為(wei)主要(yao)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)骨料，建立充(chong)填(tian)(tian)系統(tong)，廣西充(chong)填(tian)(tian)，然后通過(guo)采(cai)空(kong)區的(de)(de)(de)鉆(zhan)孔、天(tian)井或(huo)(huo)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)管道(dao)(dao)將充(chong)填(tian)(tian)料自流(或(huo)(huo)加壓(ya))充(chong)填(tian)(tian)至井下采(cai)空(kong)區。用充(chong)填(tian)(tian)法(fa)處理采(cai)空(kong)區，一(yi)方面要(yao)求對采(cai)空(kong)區的(de)(de)(de)位置、大(da)小(xiao)以及與相鄰(lin)采(cai)空(kong)區的(de)(de)(de)所有通道(dao)(dao)了解清楚(chu)，以便(bian)對采(cai)空(kong)區進(jin)行封閉(bi)，加設隔離(li)墻，礦山充(chong)填(tian)(tian)系統(tong)主要(yao)構成(cheng)要(yao)素，進(jin)行充(chong)填(tian)(tian)脫水或(huo)(huo)防止(zhi)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)料流失；另一(yi)方面，采(cai)空(kong)區中必須能有鉆(zhan)孔、巷道(dao)(dao)或(huo)(huo)天(tian)井相通，以便(bian)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)料能直(zhi)接進(jin)入采(cai)空(kong)區，達到密實、充(chong)填(tian)(tian)采(cai)空(kong)區的(de)(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)。

充填(tian)(tian)(tian)系統(tong)是(shi)將(jiang)充填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)從制(zhi)備(bei)、倉儲、制(zhi)漿(jiang)到輸(shu)送(song)(song)至(zhi)充填(tian)(tian)(tian)區的(de)各個(ge)環節或(huo)單元的(de)總(zong)成。充填(tian)(tian)(tian)方法與(yu)充填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)輸(shu)送(song)(song)方法不(bu)同，充填(tian)(tian)(tian)系統(tong)的(de)組(zu)成單元和(he)功(gong)能不(bu)同。就應用普遍的(de)水力輸(shu)送(song)(song)而言，一般包括充填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)制(zhi)備(bei)、充填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)倉儲、料(liao)(liao)漿(jiang)制(zhi)備(bei)與(yu)計(ji)量(liang)控制(zhi)、管(guan)路輸(shu)送(song)(song)等4個(ge)模塊。金(jin)屬(shu)礦山和(he)煤礦充填(tian)(tian)(tian)在充填(tian)(tian)(tian)系統(tong)設計(ji)上差別很大，主要原(yuan)因是(shi)充填(tian)(tian)(tian)料(liao)(liao)的(de)不(bu)同。 金(jin)屬(shu)礦山主要充填(tian)(tian)(tian)尾(wei)礦砂。充填(tian)(tian)(tian)站(zhan)設置料(liao)(liao)倉或(huo)堆場(chang)，采用振動(dong)放料(liao)(liao)形(xing)式，通過皮帶傳送(song)(song)至(zhi)攪拌桶(tong)制(zhi)漿(jiang)。

由于空(kong)區治(zhi)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的隱蔽性(xing)(xing)和(he)復雜性(xing)(xing)，要(yao)(yao)求必(bi)須(xu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)治(zhi)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的終效果進行(xing)(xing)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)。為此，大流量(liang)(liang)(liang)高濃度連續充填(tian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝的應(ying)(ying)用，應(ying)(ying)在(zai)治(zhi)理(li)(li)區域內選擇一(yi)(yi)定范(fan)圍的路段對(dui)(dui)(dui)采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區底板以上(shang)受注(zhu)(zhu)層進行(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)。檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)的目的是(shi)(shi)：采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區治(zhi)理(li)(li)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)地基穩定性(xing)(xing)是(shi)(shi)否(fou)滿(man)足(zu)設(she)計的要(yao)(yao)求，并根據不同(tong)公路工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)對(dui)(dui)(dui)其變形的允許范(fan)圍確定評定標準。采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區治(zhi)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)屬隱蔽工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)，對(dui)(dui)(dui)它(ta)的質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)控制一(yi)(yi)直(zhi)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)個(ge)難題(ti)。除了在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中由業主(zhu)和(he)監理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師嚴格按照(zhao)設(she)計文件(jian)和(he)規(gui)范(fan)要(yao)(yao)求，對(dui)(dui)(dui)每一(yi)(yi)道(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序進行(xing)(xing)監督外，在(zai)治(zhi)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)結束后(hou)，必(bi)須(xu)對(dui)(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)進行(xing)(xing)檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)，一(yi)(yi)般檢測(ce)(ce)(ce)的時間(jian)應(ying)(ying)在(zai)注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)結束后(hou)6個(ge)月(yue)進行(xing)(xing)，主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)考慮(lv)到在(zai)注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)期(qi)間(jian)，注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)壓力(li)會對(dui)(dui)(dui)地下采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區產生(sheng)較大的應(ying)(ying)力(li)變化(hua)，注(zhu)(zhu)漿(jiang)結束后(hou)，采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區內應(ying)(ying)有一(yi)(yi)個(ge)壓應(ying)(ying)力(li)調整(zheng)的過程(cheng)(cheng)，才能(neng)達到采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區地基平(ping)衡穩定。