經(jing)濾油器、隔爆(bao)型電(dian)(dian)磁換向(xiang)閥、節流閥、液(ye)控(kong)單向(xiang)閥、平衡閥進入液(ye)缸下端，使液(ye)缸的活塞向(xiang)上運(yun)動(dong)，提升重(zhong)物(wu)，液(ye)缸上端回油經(jing)隔爆(bao)型電(dian)(dian)磁換向(xiang)閥回到(dao)(dao)油箱。作業(ye)環境(jing)復雜。從大(da)型鋼鐵(tie)聯合(he)企業(ye)，到(dao)(dao)現代化(hua)港(gang)口、建筑工地(di)、鐵(tie)路樞紐、旅游勝地(di)，都有起(qi)重(zhong)機械在運(yun)行(xing)；作業(ye)場所常常會(hui)遇有高(gao)溫(wen)、高(gao)壓、、輸電(dian)(dian)線(xian)路、強磁等(deng)危(wei)險因素。起(qi)重(zhong)業(ye)中常常需要多人(ren)配合(he)，共同(tong)進行(xing)。一(yi)個操作，要求指揮、捆扎、駕駛等(deng)作業(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)配合(he)熟練、動(dong)作協調、互相(xiang)照應。作業(ye)人(ren)員(yuan)應有處理現場緊急情況的能力。

起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備是在取(qu)料(liao)之后(hou)(hou)即(ji)開始垂(chui)直或(huo)垂(chui)直兼有水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作行(xing)程，起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備安裝(zhuang)資(zi)質(zhi)辦理，到達(da)目的(de)(de)(de)地后(hou)(hou)卸載，再空行(xing)程到取(qu)料(liao)地點，完成一個(ge)工(gong)作循(xun)環，起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備資(zi)質(zhi)，然后(hou)(hou)再進行(xing)第二次吊(diao)運(yun)或(huo)搬運(yun)。起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備所吊(diao)運(yun)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)多種(zhong)多樣(yang)，載荷是變化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)。有的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)物(wu)(wu)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)達(da)幾(ji)百噸乃(nai)至(zhi)上千(qian)噸，肅南起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備，有的(de)(de)(de)物(wu)(wu)體長達(da)幾(ji)十米(mi)，起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備公司，形狀(zhuang)(zhuang)也很不(bu)規則(ze)，有散(san)粒(li)、熱融狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態、危險物(wu)(wu)品等(deng)，吊(diao)運(yun)過(guo)程復雜而危險。起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備按(an)結構不(bu)同可分為(wei)輕(qing)小型起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備、升降(jiang)機、起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機和架空單軌(gui)系統等(deng)幾(ji)類。輕(qing)小型起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)設備主(zhu)要包括(kuo)起(qi)(qi)重(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)滑車、吊(diao)具、千(qian)斤(jin)頂、手動葫蘆、電動葫蘆和普通絞車。

液(ye)(ye)缸(gang)(gang)的(de)活塞向(xiang)下(xia)運動(dong)，液(ye)(ye)壓油(you)(you)經(jing)防爆型(xing)電磁換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)進入液(ye)(ye)缸(gang)(gang)上端(duan)，液(ye)(ye)缸(gang)(gang)下(xia)端(duan)回油(you)(you)經(jing)平衡閥(fa)、液(ye)(ye)控單向(xiang)閥(fa)、節流閥(fa)、隔爆型(xing)電磁換(huan)向(xiang)閥(fa)回到油(you)(you)箱。在高校實驗(yan)室(shi)使用(yong)起(qi)重(zhong)設(she)備(bei)雖數(shu)量不多、起(qi)重(zhong)噸位不大，但(dan)由于(yu)起(qi)重(zhong)設(she)備(bei)使用(yong)頻率不高，對(dui)其維(wei)護保養及安(an)全運行(xing)顯(xian)得更為重(zhong)要。各種起(qi)重(zhong)設(she)備(bei)的(de)用(yong)途不同，構造上有(you)很(hen)大差異，但(dan)都具有(you)實現升降這(zhe)一基本動(dong)作的(de)起(qi)升機構。