擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，環(huan)保擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，山西灰土(tu)(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)廠家，夯擴擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，沉管擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，強夯地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，碎石擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌(guan)注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)(tu)地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，我(wo)公(gong)司主營：擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)

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造成原因和(he)處理方法(fa)有(you)以下幾(ji)點(dian)：

檢查不夠認真，清(qing)(qing)孔不干(gan)凈或未進行(xing)二次清(qing)(qing)孔，是造成樁底沉渣(zha)量過多(duo)的首(shou)要原因(yin)。

清(qing)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的主要(yao)目的是(shi)清(qing)除孔(kong)(kong)(kong)底沉(chen)(chen)渣(zha)，而(er)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)底沉(chen)(chen)渣(zha)則是(shi)影響灌(guan)注(zhu)樁(zhuang)承載能力的主要(yao)因素之一。灌(guan)注(zhu)樁(zhuang)成孔(kong)(kong)(kong)至設計標高(gao)，應充(chong)分利用鉆桿(gan)在(zai)原位進行次(ci)(ci)(ci)清(qing)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，直到孔(kong)(kong)(kong)口返漿比重持(chi)續小(xiao)于1.10-1.20，測(ce)得孔(kong)(kong)(kong)底沉(chen)(chen)渣(zha)厚度小(xiao)于50mm，即抓緊吊(diao)放鋼筋籠和(he)沉(chen)(chen)放混(hun)凝土導(dao)管。由(you)于孔(kong)(kong)(kong)內原土泥(ni)漿在(zai)吊(diao)放鋼筋籠和(he)沉(chen)(chen)放導(dao)管這(zhe)段時間(jian)內使處(chu)于懸浮狀態的沉(chen)(chen)渣(zha)再次(ci)(ci)(ci)沉(chen)(chen)到樁(zhuang)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)底部而(er)成為性沉(chen)(chen)渣(zha)，從而(er)影響樁(zhuang)基工程的質量。因此，必(bi)須(xu)在(zai)混(hun)凝土灌(guan)注(zhu)前利用導(dao)管進行第(di)二次(ci)(ci)(ci)清(qing)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)。

泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)比(bi)重過(guo)(guo)小或泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)注入(ru)量不足而難于將沉(chen)渣(zha)浮起(qi)，從而造(zao)成樁底沉(chen)渣(zha)量過(guo)(guo)多(duo)。這就要(yao)求在(zai)成孔(kong)后，鉆(zhan)頭提高孔(kong)底250px-500px，保持慢速空轉，維持循環清孔(kong)時間不少于30分鐘。采用(yong)性能(neng)較好的(de)泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)，控制泥(ni)(ni)(ni)漿(jiang)的(de)比(bi)重和(he)粘度(du)，不要(yao)用(yong)清水進行置(zhi)換。

鋼筋籠(long)(long)吊放過程(cheng)中，未對準孔位而碰(peng)撞孔壁使泥(ni)土坍落樁底，造成樁底沉渣。因此，在鋼筋籠(long)(long)吊放時(shi)，要使鋼筋籠(long)(long)的(de)中心與樁中心保持一致，避(bi)免碰(peng)撞孔壁。可采(cai)用鋼筋籠(long)(long)冷壓(ya)接(jie)(jie)頭工(gong)藝加快對接(jie)(jie)鋼筋籠(long)(long)速度，減(jian)少(shao)空孔時(shi)間，從而減(jian)少(shao)沉渣

擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，水泥土擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，素土擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，夯擴擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，沉管(guan)擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，強夯地基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，碎(sui)石擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密螺(luo)紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，鉆孔(kong)灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，軟(ruan)土地基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，我公司主營：擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程

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強化(hua)基坑防護(hu)及模板支撐管理

基坑周邊必須進行有(you)效防護(hu)，并(bing)(bing)設置明顯的警示標志。同時要(yao)加強對基坑壁的支護(hu)，并(bing)(bing)設置觀測點(dian)，隨時觀測邊坡及毗臨建筑物、構(gou)筑物的變化(hua)，及時發現隱患并(bing)(bing)采取有(you)效措施。

建筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)模板工(gong)(gong)程必須按(an)照經過審批合格的施工(gong)(gong)方案進行搭設，并嚴格執行檢查驗收制度，確(que)保不發生坍塌。人工(gong)(gong)挖孔樁施工(gong)(gong)作業，必須符合技(ji)術規范的安(an)全要求。

強(qiang)化(hua)塔吊等大型機械設備管理

重(zhong)點做好(hao)設備安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)前的備案、檢(jian)測、維修(xiu)和保養，確(que)保各種安(an)(an)全裝(zhuang)置、限位裝(zhuang)置有效可靠。要(yao)做好(hao)設備基礎的檢(jian)查監控，提高設備的防(fang)(fang)凍、防(fang)(fang)風及防(fang)(fang)倒塌的能力。

塔(ta)吊設(she)備(bei)的拆裝(zhuang)工作，必須是具有相應資質的單位完成，編(bian)制詳(xiang)細(xi)的拆裝(zhuang)方案，并派(pai)專人監(jian)控(kong)，嚴格執(zhi)行驗收和登(deng)記制度(du)。

強化消防安全管理

重點(dian)(dian)做好作業區、生活區及(ji)倉庫(ku)等重點(dian)(dian)部位的消(xiao)防(fang)安全管(guan)理(li)，做到提前防(fang)范、重點(dian)(dian)監控、及(ji)時(shi)排除火(huo)災隱患(huan)。要(yao)合理(li)有效地配置滅火(huo)器、消(xiao)防(fang)桶(tong)等器材和設施;要(yao)落實防(fang)火(huo)措(cuo)施，實行嚴格(ge)的動火(huo)審批制(zhi)度，并設置專門動火(huo)監護(hu)(hu)人，實行現(xian)場監護(hu)(hu)。

在明火(huo)(huo)作(zuo)業時，要避開物品和裝(zhuang)置，操作(zuo)完(wan)畢后要認真清理現場，不留火(huo)(huo)災隱(yin)患。加強對職(zhi)工的預防火(huo)(huo)災教育，采取有效措(cuo)施嚴防職(zhi)工宿(su)舍發生火(huo)(huo)災。

擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，山西灰(hui)土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)報價(jia)，灰(hui)土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，水泥(ni)土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，素(su)土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，夯擴擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，沉(chen)管擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，強(qiang)夯地基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，碎石擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，鉆孔灌(guan)注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，山西灰(hui)土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，軟土(tu)地基(ji)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，灰(hui)土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，我公司主(zhu)營：擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)程(cheng)

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土木(mu)工程的地基問題，概括起來有四(si)個(ge)方面。

　1、強度和穩定性問題；

　2、壓縮及不均勻沉降(jiang)問題；

　3、地基的滲漏量超過允許值，會發(fa)生水量損失(shi)導致發(fa)生事故。

　4、、機器以及車輛的振動、波(bo)浪作(zuo)用和(he)等動力荷載可能(neng)引(yin)起地基土，特別是飽(bao)和(he)無粘性土的液化、失穩和(he)震陷等危害。

土木工程的地基問題處(chu)理

　地基(ji)處理常采用的(de)方(fang)法：

　1、采(cai)取措施使土(tu)中孔隙減少、土(tu)顆(ke)粒之間靠近，密(mi)度加大，山西(xi)灰(hui)土(tu)擠密(mi)樁施工費用(yong)多少，土(tu)得承(cheng)載力提高；

　2、在(zai)地(di)基(ji)中摻加各種物料(liao)，通過物理化學作(zuo)用把土顆(ke)粒(li)膠結在(zai)一起(qi)，使使地(di)基(ji)承載力提高(gao)，剛度加大、變形減小(xiao)。

　砂樁(zhuang)、碎石樁(zhuang)、水泥(ni)粉煤灰碎石樁(zhuang)

　碎石樁和砂樁合稱為粗顆粒土樁。是指用(yong)振動(dong)、沖擊(ji)或(huo)(huo)振動(dong)水(shui)沖等方式在軟弱地(di)基中成孔(kong)，再將碎石或(huo)(huo)砂擠壓入(ru)孔(kong)，形成大直徑的由碎石或(huo)(huo)砂構成的密(mi)實樁體(ti)，具有擠密(mi)、置換、墊層和加筋等加固作(zuo)用(yong)。

　水泥(ni)粉煤(mei)灰碎石樁(zhuang)（簡稱CFG）是在碎石樁(zhuang)的(de)基礎(chu)上加進一些石屑、粉煤(mei)灰和少量(liang)水泥(ni)，加水拌合(he)制成的(de)具有一定(ding)強度(du)的(de)樁(zhuang)。樁(zhuang)的(de)承載(zai)力來自(zi)樁(zhuang)全長產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)摩阻(zu)力及樁(zhuang)端承載(zai)力，適用(yong)于多層和高(gao)層建筑地基。