隨著社會的(de)(de)發(fa)展，沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)品已經普及到(dao)各(ge)個(ge)領域，沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)由沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)加(jia)工(gong)而成，沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)上有個(ge)金屬零件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，叫“沖(chong)(chong)子”沖(chong)(chong)頭，它(ta)是(shi)安裝在沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)上，來對工(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)進行連續(xu)沖(chong)(chong)裁(cai)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)，使得(de)被(bei)加(jia)工(gong)材(cai)料發(fa)生分(fen)離或塑性變形，來獲(huo)得(de)所需要的(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)產(chan)品。沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)是(shi)加(jia)工(gong)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)基礎，如果沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)出(chu)現(xian)問題，那(nei)么整個(ge)后續(xu)的(de)(de)生產(chan)也(ye)將被(bei)影響

模具沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)一般采用高(gao)速鋼(gang)和鎢鋼(gang)等材質(zhi)。沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件加(jia)工中(zhong)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)在形狀上也(ye)有一定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求，沖(chong)(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件加(jia)工中(zhong)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)應(ying)避免過長的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)懸臂與狹槽。因(yin)為懸臂會影響沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強度(du)，狹槽會影響到凹模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強度(du)。兩(liang)個沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)處(chu)會有接(jie)口(kou)，在保證(zheng)順利沖(chong)(chong)(chong)裁的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下，要盡(jin)量減小產品上沖(chong)(chong)(chong)頭(tou)接(jie)口(kou)位置的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小，有些產品，接(jie)口(kou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大小，形狀等要與客戶(hu)商(shang)量定制；

    鋼材中(zhong)，有百分之(zhi)六七十是(shi)板材，其中(zhong)大部分是(shi)經(jing)過沖(chong)壓(ya)加工制成(cheng)成(cheng)品。汽(qi)車配(pei)件、鍋(guo)爐部分配(pei)件、電器(qi)(qi)配(pei)件、儀(yi)器(qi)(qi)儀(yi)表，生活(huo)中(zhong)有的家用電器(qi)(qi)、自行車、辦公機械、生活(huo)器(qi)(qi)皿等(deng)產品中(zhong)，也有大量金屬沖(chong)壓(ya)加工件。

    五(wu)金(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件是憑借基本或沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)機床的驅(qu)動力，使(shi)(shi)板材在模(mo)具(ju)里(li)立即(ji)遭受形(xing)變(bian)力并(bing)開(kai)(kai)展形(xing)變(bian)，進而得(de)到 一定形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，規格和特(te)性(xing)的商品零件的生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)。板材，五(wu)金(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件，模(mo)具(ju)和機器設備是沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的三要素。沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)是一種金(jin)屬(shu)材料冷形(xing)變(bian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)。五(wu)金(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件在生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)過程中(zhong)，會發生(sheng)(sheng)裂開(kai)(kai)等許多常見故(gu)障缺點，這種必須(xu)沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)廠(chang)家設計方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)，用(yong)心實際操作(zuo)，才(cai)可以防止降低(di)五(wu)金(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件安(an)全(quan)隱(yin)患產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)，提升產(chan)(chan)品質(zhi)量。沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件防止裂開(kai)(kai)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)：拉(la)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)：拉(la)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)方(fang)(fang)位(wei)盡(jin)可能(neng)使(shi)(shi)凸模(mo)與(yu)胚(pei)料的觸碰總面(mian)積(ji)大、合(he)理(li)的脫料面(mian)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)和包邊(bian)條(tiao)力使(shi)(shi)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)料面(mian)各位(wei)置摩擦(ca)阻力勻稱適當、減少(shao)拉(la)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度、開(kai)(kai)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)孔和加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)創口等。總體(ti)設計：沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件在設計方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)時，各圓弧半(ban)經大一些(xie)、斜面(mian)形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)在拉(la)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)方(fang)(fang)位(wei)的具(ju)體(ti)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度淺(qian)一些(xie)、各個地(di)方(fang)(fang)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)度勻稱一些(xie)、形(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)盡(jin)可能(neng)簡易(yi)且(qie)轉變(bian)盡(jin)可能(neng)輕緩一些(xie)等。五(wu)金(jin)沖壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)件模(mo)具(ju)設計方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)：可采(cai)用(yong)設計方(fang)(fang)案(an)(an)的拉(la)深(shen)(shen)(shen)(shen)筋、選用(yong)很大的模(mo)具(ju)圓弧、使(shi)(shi)凸模(mo)與(yu)型(xing)腔空(kong)隙(xi)等對策。

    沖(chong)壓加工的生產效(xiao)率好，且操作方便，易于實現(xian)機械化與自動化。這是(shi)因為(wei)沖(chong)壓是(shi)依靠沖(chong)模和沖(chong)壓設備來(lai)完成加工，普通壓力機的行(xing)程(cheng)次數(shu)為(wei)每(mei)(mei)分鐘可(ke)(ke)達幾十(shi)次，沖(chong)壓件加工，高速(su)壓力要每(mei)(mei)分鐘可(ke)(ke)達數(shu)百次甚(shen)至千次以上，而且每(mei)(mei)次沖(chong)壓行(xing)程(cheng)就(jiu)可(ke)(ke)能(neng)得到一個(ge)沖(chong)件。

   沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)加工(gong)廠的(de)行(xing)業是(shi)一個涉及(ji)領(ling)域(yu)比較廣泛的(de)行(xing)業，深入到制造業的(de)方方面(mian)(mian)面(mian)(mian)，利用沖(chong)(chong)床及(ji)模(mo)具(ju)將鐵，金屬沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件，鋁(lv)，銅等材料(liao)，其(qi)變(bian)形(xing)或斷裂，浙(zhe)江(jiang)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)件，達到具(ju)有一定形(xing)狀和尺寸(cun)的(de)一種工(gong)藝。沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)模(mo)具(ju)廠工(gong)藝用板料(liao)的(de)表面(mian)(mian)和內在性(xing)能(neng)對沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)成品的(de)質量(liang)影響(xiang)很大，要求沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)材料(liao)厚度準確、均勻；表面(mian)(mian)光潔，無擦(ca)傷(shang)、無表面(mian)(mian)裂紋等；屈服強度均勻，無明顯方向性(xing)；均勻延伸率高；加工(gong)硬化(hua)性(xing)低。

   沖壓(ya)(ya)可加(jia)工出(chu)尺寸范圍(wei)較(jiao)大(da)、形狀較(jiao)復雜(za)的(de)(de)零件，如小到鐘表的(de)(de)秒(miao)表，大(da)到汽車縱梁、覆蓋件等，加(jia)上(shang)沖壓(ya)(ya)時材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)冷變(bian)形硬化效應，沖壓(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)強度和剛(gang)度均較(jiao)高。一(yi)般沒有切屑碎料(liao)(liao)生成(cheng)，材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)消耗較(jiao)少，且不需(xu)其它加(jia)熱設備(bei)，因而是一(yi)種省料(liao)(liao)，節能的(de)(de)加(jia)工方法(fa)，沖壓(ya)(ya)件的(de)(de)成(cheng)本(ben)較(jiao)低。