塑料注射（塑）模具

它主要是熱(re)塑(su)(su)性塑(su)(su)料件(jian)(jian)產(chan)品生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)zui為普(pu)遍的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)模具(ju)(ju)，塑(su)(su)料注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)模具(ju)(ju)對應(ying)的(de)(de)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)設(she)備是塑(su)(su)料注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)機，塑(su)(su)料首先在(zai)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)機底加(jia)熱(re)料筒內(nei)受熱(re)熔融，然后在(zai)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)機的(de)(de)螺(luo)桿(gan)或柱塞推動(dong)下(xia)，經注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)機噴嘴和模具(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)澆注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)進入模具(ju)(ju)型(xing)(xing)腔(qiang)，塑(su)(su)料冷卻硬化成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)，脫模得到制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品。其結構通(tong)常(chang)由成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)部件(jian)(jian)、澆注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、導向(xiang)部件(jian)(jian)、推出機構、調溫系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、排氣系(xi)(xi)統(tong)、支撐(cheng)部件(jian)(jian)等部分組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)造材(cai)料通(tong)常(chang)采用(yong)(yong)塑(su)(su)料模具(ju)(ju)鋼模塊(kuai)，精密(mi)塑(su)(su)膠模具(ju)(ju)，常(chang)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)材(cai)質(zhi)主要為碳素(su)(su)結構鋼、碳素(su)(su)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)鋼、合(he)金工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)鋼，高速(su)鋼等。注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方式通(tong)常(chang)只適用(yong)(yong)于(yu)熱(re)塑(su)(su)料品的(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品生(sheng)產(chan)，用(yong)(yong)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)工(gong)(gong)藝生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)塑(su)(su)料制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品十(shi)分廣泛(fan)，從(cong)生(sheng)活日用(yong)(yong)品到各類復雜的(de)(de)機械(xie)，電器(qi)、交通(tong)工(gong)(gong)具(ju)(ju)零件(jian)(jian)等都(dou)是用(yong)(yong)注(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)射(she)(she)模具(ju)(ju)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)，它是塑(su)(su)料制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)品生(sheng)產(chan)中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)zui廣的(de)(de)一(yi)種(zhong)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)方法(fa)。

7. 升料與(yu)頂料單元

(1)、升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)單元：其主要作用(yong)(yong)是(shi)進行(xing)連(lian)續(xu)沖壓加工時將料(liao)(liao)(liao)條(tiao)升(sheng)(sheng)至凹模上(shang) (位(wei)置高度(du)稱(cheng)為送料(liao)(liao)(liao)高度(du)，并達到順利送料(liao)(liao)(liao)目的(de)，塑膠模具加工，其形式有(you)：(A).升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型(xing) （圓形，純粹升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)），是(shi)zui普通(tong)的(de)升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)單元。(B).升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型(xing) （圓形，設(she)(she)有(you)導(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)用(yong)(yong)孔(kong)），升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)設(she)(she)有(you)導(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)用(yong)(yong)孔(kong)可防(fang)止材料(liao)(liao)(liao)承受導(dao)(dao)引銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)之變形及(ji)(ji)使(shi)導(dao)(dao)引銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)確實發生作用(yong)(yong)。(C).升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)及(ji)(ji)導(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)，兼俱導(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)功能，連(lian)續(xu)模具之導(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)zui常使(shi)用(yong)(yong)此形式升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)。(D).升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型(xing)（方形） 如有(you)需求設(she)(she)有(you)空(kong)氣吹孔(kong)。(E).升(sheng)(sheng)料(liao)(liao)(liao)及(ji)(ji)導(dao)(dao)料(liao)(liao)(liao)銷(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)型(xing) (方形)。

(2)、頂料單(dan)元：自(zi)動(dong)沖壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)工(gong)時必(bi)須防止沖切制(zhi)品(pin)或沖屑(xie)之跳于凹(ao)模(mo)表面以避免模(mo)具(ju)損(sun)壞及(ji)不良沖壓(ya)(ya)件之產生。(3)、頂出(chu)(chu)單(dan)元：頂出(chu)(chu)單(dan)元之主要作用是每(mei)次沖壓(ya)(ya)加(jia)工(gong)時將(jiang)制(zhi)品(pin)或廢料自(zi)凹(ao)模(mo)內頂出(chu)(chu)。頂出(chu)(chu)單(dan)元之裝(zhuang)設(she)場所有二：(A)、逆配置型模(mo)具(ju)時裝(zhuang)設(she)于上模(mo)部(bu)份，(B).順(shun)配置型模(mo)具(ju)時裝(zhuang)設(she)于下模(mo)部(bu)份。

模具的(de)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)雖然(ran)由于塑(su)(su)料(liao)品種(zhong)和(he)性(xing)能(neng)、塑(su)(su)料(liao)制品的(de)形狀和(he)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)以及注射機的(de)類型(xing)(xing)等不同而(er)可能(neng)千變萬化(hua)，但是基本結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)是一致的(de)。模具主要(yao)由澆注系統、調溫(wen)系統、成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)零件(jian)和(he)結(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)零件(jian)組成(cheng)(cheng)。其中(zhong)澆注系統和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)零件(jian)是與塑(su)(su)料(liao)直(zhi)接接觸部(bu)分，并隨塑(su)(su)料(liao)和(he)制品而(er)變化(hua)，是塑(su)(su)模中(zhong)zui復雜，變化(hua)zui大(da)，武漢塑(su)(su)膠模具，要(yao)求加工光潔度和(he)精度zui高(gao)的(de)部(bu)分。

澆注系統是(shi)指塑料(liao)從射嘴進(jin)入型腔前的(de)流(liu)道部分(fen)，包括主流(liu)道、冷(leng)料(liao)穴、分(fen)流(liu)道和澆口等(deng)。成型零件是(shi)指構成制(zhi)品(pin)形狀的(de)各種零件，包括動模、定(ding)模和型腔、型芯(xin)、成型桿以及排氣口等(deng)。

我國塑(su)料(liao)模(mo)具在高技術驅動(dong)和支柱(zhu)產業應用需求的(de)推動(dong)下，形成了一個巨大的(de)產業鏈(lian)條，從(cong)上游(you)的(de)原輔材(cai)料(liao)工業和加工、檢(jian)測設備到下游(you)的(de)機械、汽車、摩托車、家電、電子通信、建(jian)筑(zhu)建(jian)材(cai)等(deng)幾大應用產業，塑(su)料(liao)模(mo)具發展(zhan)一片生機。