性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)參數換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)一種能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量轉換(huan)(huan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)件，ptfe芯軸哪家好，其性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)描述(shu)和評價需(xu)要(yao)(yao)許多參數. 換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)參數包括共振頻率(lv)、頻帶寬(kuan)(kuan)度、機電(dian)耦合(he)系數、電(dian)聲效率(lv)、機械品質因數、阻抗(kang)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、頻率(lv)特(te)(te)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、指向(xiang)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、發射及接(jie)收靈敏度等等. 不同(tong)用途的(de)換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)對性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)參數的(de)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)不同(tong)，例如，ptfe芯軸供應，對于(yu)發射型換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)有大(da)的(de)輸出功(gong)率(lv)和高的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)量轉換(huan)(huan)效率(lv);而對于(yu)接(jie)收型換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，則要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)寬(kuan)(kuan)的(de)頻帶和高的(de)靈敏度及分辨率(lv)等. 因此，在換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)具(ju)體設(she)計過程中，必須根(gen)據具(ju)體的(de)應用，對換(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)有關參數進行合(he)理的(de)設(she)計.

為了確定換能器的(de)(de)工作狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態，必(bi)須(xu)求出它的(de)(de)機械(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng)式(shi)和(he)電(dian)路(lu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng)式(shi).換能器機械(xie)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng)式(shi)(簡稱為機械(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng))是(shi)換能器處于工作狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態時，描(miao)(miao)寫(xie)它的(de)(de)機械(xie)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)力和(he)振(zhen)(zhen)速的(de)(de)關系(xi)(xi)式(shi)，而(er)電(dian)路(lu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng)式(shi)(簡稱電(dian)路(lu)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)態方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng)式(shi))是(shi)描(miao)(miao)寫(xie)電(dian)路(lu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)特性(xing)的(de)(de). 由(you)于換能器的(de)(de)機械(xie)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)電(dian)路(lu)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)互相耦(ou)合的(de)(de)，所以機械(xie)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)會影響到電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)平衡，而(er)電(dian)路(lu)的(de)(de)變化也會影響到機械(xie)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)振(zhen)(zhen)動(dong)，因此我們總是(shi)利用這些方(fang)(fang)(fang)程(cheng)(cheng)組分析、討論(lun)換能器的(de)(de)工作特性(xing).

由上述換(huan)(huan)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)的(de)三(san)組基(ji)本(ben)關系式，可(ke)以(yi)對(dui)應地作出(chu)換(huan)(huan)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)三(san)種(zhong)形式的(de)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)圖(tu)(tu). 第l一(yi)種(zhong)是等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)機(ji)械(xie)圖(tu)(tu)，將換(huan)(huan)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個純機(ji)械(xie)系統(tong)的(de)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)圖(tu)(tu);第二(er)種(zhong)是把機(ji)械(xie)一(yi)邊的(de)元件和(he)(he)參量，通過機(ji)電轉換(huan)(huan)化為(wei)(wei)(wei)電路(lu)一(yi)邊的(de)元件和(he)(he)參量，即把一(yi)個換(huan)(huan)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)為(wei)(wei)(wei)一(yi)個純電路(lu)系統(tong)，稱此(ci)為(wei)(wei)(wei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)電路(lu)圖(tu)(tu);第三(san)種(zhong)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)機(ji)電圖(tu)(tu)，同時包含電路(lu)一(yi)邊和(he)(he)機(ji)械(xie)一(yi)邊的(de)等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)圖(tu)(tu). 利(li)用這些等(deng)(deng)(deng)(deng)效(xiao)圖(tu)(tu)可(ke)以(yi)簡(jian)便地求出(chu)換(huan)(huan)能(neng)器(qi)(qi)的(de)若干重要(yao)的(de)性(xing)能(neng)指標.

電(dian)(dian)子血(xue)(xue)(xue)l壓(ya)(ya)(ya)計利用(yong)超(chao)聲波(bo)換能器接收血(xue)(xue)(xue)管的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)， 當氣(qi)囊加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)緊壓(ya)(ya)(ya)血(xue)(xue)(xue)管時， 因外(wai)加(jia)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)高于(yu)血(xue)(xue)(xue)管舒張壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)， 超(chao)聲波(bo)換能器感受不到血(xue)(xue)(xue)管的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li); 而當氣(qi)囊逐漸泄氣(qi)， 超(chao)聲波(bo)換能器對(dui)血(xue)(xue)(xue)管的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)隨之減(jian)小到某一(yi)數值時， 二者的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)達(da)到平衡(heng)， 此時超(chao)聲波(bo)換能器就能感受到血(xue)(xue)(xue)管的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)， 該(gai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力(li)即為心臟(zang)的(de)收縮壓(ya)(ya)(ya)， 通過放大器發(fa)出指示信號， 給出血(xue)(xue)(xue)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)值。電(dian)(dian)子血(xue)(xue)(xue)l壓(ya)(ya)(ya)計由于(yu)取消了聽l診器， 可減(jian)輕(qing)醫務人員(yuan)的(de)勞動強度。

換能器性能參數

換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)是一種能(neng)(neng)量(liang)轉換(huan)(huan)(huan)器(qi)件，其性(xing)能(neng)(neng)描述和(he)評價需要許(xu)多(duo)參(can)數(shu)。換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)的特性(xing)參(can)數(shu)包括共振頻率(lv)、頻帶寬(kuan)度(du)、機電耦(ou)合系數(shu)、電聲效率(lv)、機械品質因數(shu)、阻(zu)抗特性(xing)、頻率(lv)特性(xing)、指(zhi)向(xiang)性(xing)、發(fa)射(she)及(ji)(ji)接收(shou)靈敏(min)度(du)等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)。不同(tong)用(yong)途的換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)對(dui)(dui)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)參(can)數(shu)的要求不同(tong)，ptfe芯(xin)軸廠商，例如，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)發(fa)射(she)型換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)，ptfe芯(xin)軸，要求換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)有(you)大的輸出功(gong)率(lv)和(he)高的能(neng)(neng)量(liang)轉換(huan)(huan)(huan)效率(lv)；而對(dui)(dui)于(yu)接收(shou)型換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)，則要求寬(kuan)的頻帶和(he)高的靈敏(min)度(du)及(ji)(ji)分辨率(lv)等(deng)(deng)。因此，在換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)的具(ju)體設(she)計過(guo)程中，必須根據具(ju)體的應(ying)用(yong)，對(dui)(dui)換(huan)(huan)(huan)能(neng)(neng)器(qi)的有(you)關(guan)參(can)數(shu)進行合理的設(she)計。