根據(ju)要(yao)求，細(xi)石(shi)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)所(suo)采用(yong)的(de)(de)石(shi)粒(li)徑為5-16mm，黃山混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)，而普通混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)石(shi)的(de)(de)要(yao)求為5-31.5mm。細(xi)石(shi)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)一般是指，粗(cu)骨料大(da)粒(li)徑不(bu)大(da)于(yu)15mm的(de)(de)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)。混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)泵，由泵體和(he)輸(shu)送(song)管組成(cheng)。是一種(zhong)利(li)用(yong)壓力，將(jiang)混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)沿管道(dao)連續輸(shu)送(song)的(de)(de)機械，主要(yao)應用(yong)于(yu)房(fang)建、橋梁及隧道(dao)施工。目(mu)前(qian)主要(yao)分為閘板閥混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)輸(shu)送(song)泵和(he)S閥混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)輸(shu)送(song)泵。從(cong)應用(yong)領域上：因為應用(yong)領域不(bu)同，所(suo)以(yi)有不(bu)同的(de)(de)名稱，素混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)一般用(yong)于(yu)建筑工程的(de)(de)地下部分，結構部位叫(jiao)墊層；貧混(hun)凝(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)(tu)(tu)通常用(yong)于(yu)道(dao)路基(ji)層，和(he)面(mian)層一起承受到車輛(liang)荷(he)載(zai)和(he)溫(wen)度荷(he)載(zai)的(de)(de)反(fan)復作用(yong)。

測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)和(he)表示拌合物和(he)易性(xing)的方法和(he)指標很多，中國主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)截錐坍落(luo)(luo)筒測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)的坍落(luo)(luo)度(毫米)及用(yong)(yong)(yong)維勃儀測(ce)(ce)定(ding)(ding)的維勃時(shi)間（秒），作為(wei)稠度的主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)指標。鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)土在受到外(wai)(wai)來(lai)荷載的時(shi)候，兩(liang)種材料發揮了各自的受力特性(xing)：素混凝(ning)土主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)承受壓力，鋼(gang)筋主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)來(lai)承受拉力。比如(ru)砌毛石、紅(hong)磚(zhuan)要(yao)(yao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)水泥砂漿；是用(yong)(yong)(yong)于室(shi)內外(wai)(wai)抹灰。兩(liang)者不能(neng)混為(wei)一談，只能(neng)在修補梁，柱、板的麻面時(shi)才(cai)能(neng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)在它們的表面上。

混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)按(an)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)抗壓(ya)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)（以(yi)邊長為(wei)(wei)150mm的(de)(de)(de)立(li)方體為(wei)(wei)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)試件，在(zai)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)養護條件下養護28天，透(tou)水混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)單價，按(an)照標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)試驗方法測得(de)的(de)(de)(de)具有95%保證率(lv)的(de)(de)(de)立(li)方體抗壓(ya)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)）劃分的(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)級，稱為(wei)(wei)標(biao)號，透(tou)水混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)哪(na)家好(hao)，分為(wei)(wei)C10、C15、C20、C25、C30、C35、C40、C45、C50、C55、C60、C65、C70、C75、C80、C85、C90、C95、C100共19個等(deng)(deng)級。混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)抗拉(la)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)僅為(wei)(wei)其(qi)抗壓(ya)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)1/10～1/20。提高混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)抗拉(la)、抗壓(ya)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)比值(zhi)是混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)改(gai)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)重要方面。重混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)是表觀密度(du)(du)大于2500Kg/，用特別密實和特別重的(de)(de)(de)集料制成的(de)(de)(de)。如(ru)重晶石混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)、鋼屑(xie)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)等(deng)(deng)，它們具有不(bu)透(tou)x射(she)線和γ射(she)線的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能。主(zhu)要技術性(xing)質(zhi)混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)質(zhi)包括混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)拌合物的(de)(de)(de)和易性(xing)、混(hun)(hun)凝(ning)(ning)(ning)土(tu)(tu)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)、變形及(ji)耐久性(xing)等(deng)(deng)。