CNC數控機床在旱(han)季時如何頤養？

    1.嚴峻恪守(shou)平安用電守(shou)則

    CNC數(shu)控機(ji)床必需嚴(yan)峻(jun)要求接上天(tian)線，且采用三芯(xin)電源(yuan)插頭，添(tian)加靜電干(gan)擾，進步機(ji)器堅定(ding)性(xing)以及對(dui)操作人員的維護(hu)。

冬季由于用電(dian)量過(guo)大，又(you)是下旱季節，往(wang)往(wang)會呈(cheng)現(xian)供電(dian)線(xian)路電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)不穩(wen)等，磨床大修廠(chang)家，引發缺(que)陷(xian)，甚至(zhi)燒毀驅動(dong)器等元件。建議置(zhi)辦相應型號的電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)穩(wen)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器。

2.進步CNC數控機床(chuang)的運(yun)用(yong)率

CNC數(shu)控機(ji)床假定開動率不(bu)高(gao)，除了投(tou)入的(de)(de)資(zi)金起(qi)不(bu)到再消費的(de)(de)作用，而(er)且還(huan)有(you)擔憂的(de)(de)事情就(jiu)是保(bao)修期(qi)(qi)，由于CNC數(shu)控機(ji)床設備它都有(you)一個保(bao)修期(qi)(qi)限(xian)，用戶就(jiu)應(ying)在這時期(qi)(qi)充沛運用機(ji)床，使其薄弱部(bu)份盡早(zao)流顯(xian)露來，以(yi)便(bian)在保(bao)修期(qi)(qi)內得以(yi)處置。假定暫(zan)時不(bu)必，可以(yi)由于受潮(chao)等緣由放慢電子(zi)元器件的(de)(de)蛻變或損(sun)壞。尤其在旱季時，也要適當運轉(zhuan)下機(ji)器。

3.要在良好的環境下運用CNC數控(kong)機床(chuang)

由(you)于在(zai)(zai)旱季空氣濕潤(run)，濕潤(run)的(de)空氣中(zhong)很容易(yi)受潮(chao)發作缺陷。并且要在(zai)(zai)義務留(liu)意細節，磨床大(da)修價(jia)格，因而就要細致到(dao)不要將雨傘(san)帶到(dao)消費現(xian)場(chang)，互換鞋子等。

     數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)種類多(duo)，各類數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)因其(qi)(qi)(qi)功能，結構及系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)同，各具不(bu)(bu)(bu)同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)特(te)性。其(qi)(qi)(qi)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)保(bao)養(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容和規則也各有其(qi)(qi)(qi)特(te)色，具體應根據其(qi)(qi)(qi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)種類、型(xing)號(hao)及實際使用情(qing)況，并參(can)照機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)使用說(shuo)明(ming)書要(yao)(yao)求，制(zhi)訂和建立必要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)、定(ding)級保(bao)養(yang)(yang)制(zhi)度。下面(mian)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)些常見、通(tong)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日常維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)保(bao)養(yang)(yang)要(yao)(yao)點。 2.1 數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) 1）嚴格遵守操作(zuo)規程(cheng)和日常維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)制(zhi)度  2）應盡量少(shao)開數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)柜(ju)和強電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)柜(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門 在機(ji)(ji)(ji)加(jia)工(gong)車間(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)空氣中(zhong)(zhong)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)都會有油霧、灰塵(chen)甚至(zhi)(zhi)金屬粉末，一(yi)(yi)旦(dan)它們落在數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)內(nei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板(ban)或(huo)(huo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)(jian)上，容易引起元器件(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)絕緣電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)下降(jiang)，甚至(zhi)(zhi)導(dao)致(zhi)元器件(jian)(jian)及電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板(ban)損(sun)壞(huai)。有的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用戶在夏(xia)天(tian)為(wei)了使數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)能超負荷長期(qi)(qi)工(gong)作(zuo)，采(cai)取打開數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)柜(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)門來散(san)熱，這是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種極不(bu)(bu)(bu)可(ke)(ke)取的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法，其(qi)(qi)(qi)終將導(dao)致(zhi)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)速損(sun)壞(huai)。 3）定(ding)時(shi)清掃(sao)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)柜(ju)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)散(san)熱通(tong)風(feng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong) 應該檢(jian)查數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)柜(ju)上的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個冷卻風(feng)扇工(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)否正(zheng)常。每半年(nian)或(huo)(huo)每季度檢(jian)查一(yi)(yi)次風(feng)道過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾器是(shi)否有堵塞(sai)現象(xiang)，若過(guo)(guo)(guo)濾網上灰塵(chen)積聚過(guo)(guo)(guo)多(duo)，磨床(chuang)(chuang)大(da)修(xiu)技(ji)術，不(bu)(bu)(bu)及時(shi)清理，會引起數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)柜(ju)內(nei)溫度過(guo)(guo)(guo)高。 4）數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸入(ru)/輸出裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) 80年(nian)代以前生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)，大(da)多(duo)帶(dai)有光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)式紙帶(dai)閱讀機(ji)(ji)(ji)，如果(guo)讀帶(dai)部分被污(wu)染，將導(dao)致(zhi)讀入(ru)信息出錯(cuo)。為(wei)此(ci)，必須(xu)按規定(ding)對(dui)(dui)光電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)閱讀機(ji)(ji)(ji)進(jin)行維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)。 5）直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)期(qi)(qi)檢(jian)查和更(geng)換(huan)(huan) 直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)渡磨損(sun)，會影響電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能，甚至(zhi)(zhi)造成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)損(sun)壞(huai)。為(wei)此(ci)，磨床(chuang)(chuang)大(da)修(xiu)，應對(dui)(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)機(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)刷(shua)進(jin)行定(ding)期(qi)(qi)檢(jian)查和更(geng)換(huan)(huan)。數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)車床(chuang)(chuang)、數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)銑床(chuang)(chuang)、加(jia)工(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)心等，應每年(nian)檢(jian)查一(yi)(yi)次。 6）定(ding)期(qi)(qi)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)存儲(chu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池 一(yi)(yi)般(ban)數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)內(nei)對(dui)(dui)CMOSRAM存儲(chu)器件(jian)(jian)設有可(ke)(ke)充電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路，以保(bao)證(zheng)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)期(qi)(qi)間(jian)(jian)能保(bao)持其(qi)(qi)(qi)存儲(chu)器的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)容。在一(yi)(yi)般(ban)情(qing)況下，即使尚未失效，也應每年(nian)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)一(yi)(yi)次，以確保(bao)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)正(zheng)常工(gong)作(zuo)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更(geng)換(huan)(huan)應在數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)狀態下進(jin)行，以防更(geng)換(huan)(huan)時(shi)RAM內(nei)信息丟失。 7）備用電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)維(wei)(wei)護(hu)(hu)(hu)(hu) 備用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路板(ban)長期(qi)(qi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)用時(shi)，應定(ding)期(qi)(qi)裝到數(shu)(shu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)運行一(yi)(yi)段時(shi)間(jian)(jian)，以防損(sun)壞(huai)。

        螺(luo)紋銑削的常見問題及解決方法：

（1）切削刃崩刃

①原因：切削速(su)度和(he)進(jin)給(gei)(gei)量(liang)選擇不正(zheng)確(que)。解決方法：確(que)定從加工參數表中(zhong)選擇正(zheng)確(que)的(de)切削速(su)度和(he)進(jin)給(gei)(gei)量(liang)。

②原因：螺紋(wen)銑刀在其夾持裝置(zhi)上發生移動或滑移。解決方法：采用液壓夾頭。

③原(yuan)因：加工機床剛(gang)性不足(zu)。解決(jue)方(fang)法：確定工件夾持可(ke)靠；如有不足(zu)，重新夾緊工件或提高(gao)夾持穩(wen)定性。

④原因：冷卻(que)(que)液壓力或流(liu)量不足。解決(jue)方(fang)法(fa)：增大冷卻(que)(que)液流(liu)速和(he)流(liu)量。

（2）螺紋銑刀加速磨(mo)損或過度磨(mo)損

①原因：切削(xue)速(su)度(du)和進(jin)給量選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)不(bu)正(zheng)確(que)。解決(jue)方法：確(que)保(bao)從(cong)加工參數表中選(xuan)擇(ze)(ze)正(zheng)確(que)的切削(xue)速(su)度(du)和進(jin)給量。

②原(yuan)因：刀具所受壓力過大(da)。解決方(fang)法：減小(xiao)每齒進給量；縮短(duan)換刀時間間隔；檢(jian)查刀具的過度磨(mo)損情況——起始處的螺紋將(jiang)磨(mo)損得過快。

③原因：選用的(de)(de)涂層不正確，產生了積屑瘤。解(jie)決方法：研究其(qi)他涂層的(de)(de)適用性；增大冷卻(que)液(ye)流(liu)速和流(liu)量。

④原因：主(zhu)軸轉速過(guo)高。解(jie)決方法(fa)：降低主(zhu)軸轉速。

（3）工件與工件之間檢測結(jie)果存(cun)在差(cha)異

①原因：刀(dao)具加(jia)工部位與夾(jia)持部位相距太遠。解決方法：盡可能縮短和刀(dao)具在(zai)夾(jia)持裝(zhuang)置(zhi)上的(de)懸伸量。

②原因：選用(yong)的涂層(ceng)不正確，產(chan)生了(le)積(ji)屑(xie)瘤。解決方法：研(yan)究其他涂層(ceng)的適用(yong)性；增大冷卻液流速(su)和流量。

③原因：螺紋(wen)銑刀(dao)(dao)過(guo)度磨損。解決方法：縮(suo)短換(huan)刀(dao)(dao)時間間隔(ge)。

④原因：工(gong)件(jian)在夾(jia)具上(shang)移(yi)(yi)位(wei)。解決方法：確定(ding)工(gong)件(jian)夾(jia)持(chi)可靠(kao)；如(ru)有移(yi)(yi)位(wei)，重新夾(jia)緊工(gong)件(jian)或提高夾(jia)持(chi)穩定(ding)性。

（4）螺紋牙(ya)型上出現臺(tai)階

①原因：進給率過高。解決方法：減小每齒進給量。

②原因：斜坡銑(xian)的加工編程采用軸向運動。解(jie)決方(fang)法：確保(bao)螺紋銑(xian)刀(dao)在螺紋大徑處銑(xian)出牙型曲線(xian)，而(er)不(bu)會作徑向移(yi)動。

③原因：螺紋銑刀過度磨(mo)損。解(jie)決方(fang)法(fa)：縮短(duan)換刀時(shi)間間隔。

④原因：刀(dao)具(ju)加(jia)工部位與夾持(chi)部位相距太遠。解(jie)決方法：盡可能縮短和刀(dao)具(ju)在夾持(chi)裝置上的(de)懸伸量(liang)。