天(tian)(tian)津屋(wu)頂(ding)光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是一(yi)種利用太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)進行光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)轉換并產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程。其基本原理是，通過一(yi)個或多個光(guang)(guang)敏二(er)極管(guan)、三極管(guan)等半導體器(qi)件(jian)來檢測太(tai)陽(yang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)線強度和方(fang)向變(bian)化，天(tian)(tian)津太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)價格，并將(jiang)其轉化為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流信號輸出到負(fu)載(zai)端以驅動電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)設備工作。具體來說，當陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)在(zai)由(you)(you)多晶硅材料制成的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池板(ban)表(biao)面時(shi)，天(tian)(tian)津太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)多少(shao)錢，會產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓差和非線性電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)變(bian)化，從而(er)形(xing)成微弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)功(gong)率。這個過程可以通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)路設計來實現地(di)將(jiang)這種能(neng)量(liang)轉換為(wei)(wei)可供使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)力資源，例如(ru)家庭用電(dian)(dian)(dian)或者電(dian)(dian)(dian)網供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)部分。此(ci)外，由(you)(you)于該技術具有(you)可再生性和清潔性等特點，因(yin)此(ci)被廣泛應(ying)用于城市(shi)建筑物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)層(ceng)或其他無遮擋的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地(di)區安裝分布式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)源系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)場合(he)中。

天(tian)(tian)津太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是一(yi)種利用(yong)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)系統。其基本(ben)原理是半導(dao)體(ti)材料吸收和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化陽(yang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)輻射(she)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)，產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)動勢(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)應稱(cheng)為(wei)“光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)應”。當(dang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)線照(zhao)射(she)到某些物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)上時(shi)(shi)，這些物(wu)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原子(zi)或(huo)(huo)分子(zi)會(hui)發射(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子(zi)，從而(er)形成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象就(jiu)是所(suo)謂的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換”或(huo)(huo)者簡稱(cheng)“光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)生(sheng)伏特（Photovoltaic，簡寫為(wei)PV）現象”，而(er)這種使日(ri)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)夠被轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝置就(jiu)叫做“太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板”（也稱(cheng)：光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏組(zu)(zu)件、光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏方陣）。在(zai)(zai)理想(xiang)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai)下(xia)(xia)，一(yi)個晶體(ti)管式太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)輸出功率取決于它所(suo)接受的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)入射(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強度與(yu)波長以及負(fu)載電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大個因素。具(ju)體(ti)工(gong)作過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)如下(xia)(xia):當(dang)沒有(you)外界的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)子(zi)撞擊該(gai)系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)候(hou)(即處于黑(hei)暗(an)狀(zhuang)態(tai)(tai))，硅片表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)P-N結兩(liang)側區(qu)域就(jiu)會(hui)存在(zai)(zai)一(yi)個導(dao)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓差;如果有(you)一(yi)個光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)子(zi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量(liang)足(zu)以克服這個阻擋(dang)則會(hui)發生(sheng)少量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷轉(zhuan)(zhuan)移(yi)并生(sheng)成(cheng)了(le)(le)(le)一(yi)個微小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內(nei)建電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓UBV)。由于材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)限制使得早期生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)單晶硅模塊(kuai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作效(xiao)率較(jiao)低(di)且(qie)制造(zao)成(cheng)本(ben)高(gao)昂。但(dan)是隨著技術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進步及大規(gui)模生(sheng)產的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)，目前已(yi)經(jing)有(you)多種薄(bo)膜式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多主柵結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)金絲電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極和(he)鋁背場(chang)結構(gou)等組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)多層疊瓦形柔性可彎曲式薄(bo)膜太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)問世了(le)(le)(le)；此(ci)外玻璃基底PERC背面開槽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構(gou)也在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定(ding)程(cheng)(cheng)度上提高(gao)了(le)(le)(le)吸熱效(xiao)果減少了(le)(le)(le)弱反(fan)射(she)損失，天(tian)(tian)津太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)公司，并且(qie)用(yong)超細銀漿替代(dai)以往的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗大實(shi)(shi)流接觸焊線不但(dan)減小(xiao)了(le)(le)(le)對光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響而(er)且(qie)有(you)效(xiao)降低(di)了(le)(le)(le)成(cheng)本(ben)節約能(neng)(neng)(neng)源實(shi)(shi)現綠色環保。因此(ci)天(tian)(tian)津太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)技術正逐漸成(cheng)熟(shu)完善并在(zai)(zai)多個領域得到應用(yong)推(tui)廣(guang)，具(ju)有(you)廣(guang)闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展前景和(he)市場(chang)潛力(li)

天津(jin)(jin)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)指在天津(jin)(jin)的屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)上安(an)(an)(an)裝太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)光伏(fu)板，將(jiang)(jiang)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)轉換成電(dian)(dian)能(neng)的一種發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)方式。其具(ju)體介紹如下：環(huan)保(bao)節能(neng)：屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)一種清潔能(neng)源(yuan)，不產生污染，可以(yi)(yi)有效(xiao)(xiao)減少對(dui)化石能(neng)源(yuan)的依賴，節約能(neng)源(yuan)。經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)：屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)可以(yi)(yi)為用戶(hu)節省電(dian)(dian)費(fei)，同時還可以(yi)(yi)將(jiang)(jiang)多余的電(dian)(dian)能(neng)賣給電(dian)(dian)網，獲得收益(yi)(yi)。政(zheng)(zheng)策支(zhi)(zhi)持：天津(jin)(jin)市對(dui)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)給予(yu)政(zheng)(zheng)策支(zhi)(zhi)持，包(bao)括提供補貼、稅收優惠等措施，鼓勵居民安(an)(an)(an)裝光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統。安(an)(an)(an)裝方便：屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統安(an)(an)(an)裝簡單(dan)方便，不占(zhan)用土地，天津(jin)(jin)太陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)，可以(yi)(yi)在現有的屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)上進(jin)行(xing)安(an)(an)(an)裝。維(wei)護(hu)成本(ben)(ben)低(di)：屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統維(wei)護(hu)成本(ben)(ben)低(di)，使用壽命長，可以(yi)(yi)為用戶(hu)帶(dai)來長期(qi)的經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)。總之，天津(jin)(jin)屋(wu)(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)是(shi)一種環(huan)保(bao)節能(neng)、經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)好、政(zheng)(zheng)策支(zhi)(zhi)持、安(an)(an)(an)裝方便、維(wei)護(hu)成本(ben)(ben)低(di)的發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)方式，值得推廣和應用。