光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)利用半導體界面的(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)生伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)應而(er)將(jiang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)能(neng)(neng)直接轉變(bian)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)技(ji)術。主要(yao)由太陽電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板（組件(jian)）、控(kong)制器和逆變(bian)器三大部分組成(cheng)，主要(yao)部件(jian)由電(dian)(dian)(dian)子元器件(jian)構成(cheng)。想(xiang)要(yao)安裝家(jia)庭光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)屋頂(ding)，分布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站，要(yao)有自己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)產權(quan)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站，比(bi)如(ru)(ru)老家(jia)農村(cun)的(de)(de)屋頂(ding)或者自己(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)別墅，都可(ke)以。如(ru)(ru)果房(fang)子是(shi)租(zu)來的(de)(de)，需要(yao)和房(fang)東(dong)簽訂建設(she)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)協議。光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)是(shi)根據光(guang)(guang)(guang)產生伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)打(da)效應原理將(jiang)太陽能(neng)(neng)轉換為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站收購，無(wu)輻射，逆變(bian)器、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜等電(dian)(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)都通過(guo) EMC（電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼容性）測試(shi)，所以對人體沒有危害(hai)。

太陽(yang)能發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統建設周期短，長期收(shou)益高，可(ke)以(yi)穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)運行25年以(yi)上，從而給企業帶(dai)(dai)來長期穩(wen)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收(shou)益，光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統已成(cheng)為企業在新(xin)時代(dai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)標準配置。并網(wang)(wang)(wang)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)就是太陽(yang)能組件產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)流(liu)電(dian)(dian)經過并網(wang)(wang)(wang)逆變器轉換成(cheng)符合市(shi)電(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)之后直(zhi)接(jie)接(jie)入公共電(dian)(dian)網(wang)(wang)(wang)。可(ke)以(yi)分(fen)為帶(dai)(dai)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和(he)不帶(dai)(dai)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)并網(wang)(wang)(wang)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統。想要(yao)(yao)安裝家庭光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屋(wu)頂(ding)，要(yao)(yao)有自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產權(quan)，比如(ru)老家農村的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)屋(wu)頂(ding)或者自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)別墅，都可(ke)以(yi)。如(ru)果(guo)房(fang)(fang)子是租(zu)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，分(fen)布式光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站，需要(yao)(yao)和(he)房(fang)(fang)東簽訂建設光(guang)伏(fu)系(xi)統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)協議。

太陽能電(dian)(dian)池經過串(chuan)聯后(hou)進(jin)行封裝(zhuang)保(bao)護可(ke)(ke)形成大(da)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)太陽電(dian)(dian)池組件，再配(pei)合上功率控制器(qi)等部(bu)件就形成了(le)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。隨著國(guo)家(jia)(jia)新能源產業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展和(he)太陽能光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)普(pu)及，太陽能光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)高產率和(he)高可(ke)(ke)靠性的(de)(de)(de)特(te)點使得(de)屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站逐(zhu)漸得(de)到(dao)用戶(hu)的(de)(de)(de)認可(ke)(ke)。大(da)多數(shu)農村居民和(he)企業(ye)主都在(zai)自家(jia)(jia)屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)了(le)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站。家(jia)(jia)庭(ting)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)安(an)裝(zhuang)時，要求(qiu)屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)周圍沒(mei)有大(da)面(mian)(mian)積的(de)(de)(de)遮擋(dang)，如果在(zai)意裝(zhuang)機屋(wu)(wu)頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)東、南、西方向有高大(da)建筑(zhu)或者高大(da)樹木，安(an)裝(zhuang)時需要注意，根(gen)據當地的(de)(de)(de)太陽傾角和(he)太陽一(yi)天(tian)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)動軌(gui)跡來判斷是否可(ke)(ke)以裝(zhuang)，或者避開陰影至多可(ke)(ke)以裝(zhuang)多少規(gui)模。