鏜銑頭的夾緊裝置

         鏜銑頭和橫梁導軌有(you)兩件夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)機(ji)構，由(you)液壓站供油(you)(you)通(tong)(tong)過(guo)二(er)位(wei)四通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)實(shi)現橫梁的夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)和松(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)和主軸(zhou)箱(xiang)(xiang)也有(you)兩件夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)油(you)(you)缸，在主軸(zhou)箱(xiang)(xiang)前面由(you)液壓站供油(you)(you)，通(tong)(tong)過(guo)二(er)位(wei)四通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)實(shi)現方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)的夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)和松(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)；方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)末接(jie)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)時(shi)始(shi)終處于(yu)(yu)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)位(wei)置(zhi)，當(dang)方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)進(jin)給時(shi)必(bi)需接(jie)通(tong)(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁(ci)閥(fa)，使方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)處于(yu)(yu)松(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)位(wei)置(zhi)，當(dang)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)器(qi)處于(yu)(yu)松(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)位(wei)置(zhi)時(shi)接(jie)通(tong)(tong)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)器(qi)上(shang)的限位(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)才(cai)可以接(jie)通(tong)(tong)進(jin)給電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)，方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)才(cai)可以上(shang)下(xia)進(jin)給方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)上(shang)下(xia)設有(you)限位(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)用戶安裝(zhuang)時(shi)須保(bao)證(zheng)接(jie)通(tong)(tong)并在碰撞限位(wei)時(shi)，堵截升降(jiang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，伺(si)服動(dong)力頭哪家好，主軸(zhou)箱(xiang)(xiang)前蓋中間設有(you)兩件方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)，在上(shang)罩內有(you)兩只微動(dong)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)是方(fang)(fang)(fang)(fang)滑(hua)枕(zhen)夾(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)緊(jin)(jin)(jin)、松(song)開(kai)(kai)(kai)的限位(wei)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)，必(bi)需和進(jin)給伺(si)服電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)聯動(dong)，當(dang)壓上(shang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)時(shi)伺(si)服電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)接(jie)通(tong)(tong)，當(dang)開(kai)(kai)(kai)關(guan)斷開(kai)(kai)(kai)時(shi)伺(si)服電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)不接(jie)通(tong)(tong)，正確可靠否(fou)則會損壞機(ji)床。

超重型數控龍門移動鏜銑(xian)床橫梁的有限元分析與結構優化

2． 2 建立橫梁(liang)體有限(xian)元(yuan)模(mo)型

運用 Siemens PLM Software NX7． 5 軟件高de 級分析模(mo)塊(kuai)建(jian)立橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)有(you)限(xian)元(yuan)分析模(mo)型，為了減少(shao)有(you)限(xian)元(yuan)網格(ge)(ge)數(shu)量和(he)歧異網格(ge)(ge)的(de)(de)(de)生成，針對橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)體(ti)(ti)上對分析結(jie)(jie)果影響不(bu)大的(de)(de)(de)圓角、小孔和(he)臺階(jie)等結(jie)(jie)構(gou)作一定的(de)(de)(de)簡化處理( 即忽略(lve)不(bu)計) ; 采用 10 節點(dian)四面體(ti)(ti)有(you)限(xian)單(dan)元(yuan)網格(ge)(ge)對橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)體(ti)(ti)有(you)限(xian)元(yuan)模(mo)型進(jin)行網格(ge)(ge)劃分，劃分結(jie)(jie)果為: 橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)部(bu)件中的(de)(de)(de)單(dan)元(yuan)數(shu)目(mu)為 328 149，伺服動力頭廠家批發，節點(dian)數(shu)目(mu)為 397 719。橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)體(ti)(ti)有(you)限(xian)元(yuan)劃分結(jie)(jie)構(gou)如圖 4 所示。

超(chao)重型數(shu)控(kong)龍門移(yi)動(dong)鏜銑(xian)床(chuang)橫梁的有限(xian)元分析與結構優化

文獻［5］考慮了大型(xing)龍門(men)機床(chuang)橫梁部件(jian)中各零件(jian)間結合(he)面，對其靜剛度進行(xing)了有(you)限元分析，山(shan)西伺服動(dong)力(li)頭，理論(lun)分析結果有(you)較好的(de)實(shi)用(yong)價值。

文獻［6］針對(dui)(dui)數控重(zhong)型龍(long)門銑床超跨(kua)(kua)距橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)由于(yu)跨(kua)(kua)度(du)大質量大，安(an)裝完畢后由于(yu)重(zhong)力和(he)溜板(ban)、滑枕作(zuo)用(yong)力會(hui)向(xiang)下(xia)彎曲(qu)，其中 Z 向(xiang)導(dao)軌(gui)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)大撓度(du)可達到(dao)1 mm，嚴重(zhong)影響(xiang)加工(gong)精(jing)(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)問題，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)對(dui)(dui)導(dao)軌(gui)面(mian)預起(qi)拱(gong)的(de)(de)(de)方法(fa)(fa)來補償橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)變(bian)(bian)形對(dui)(dui)加工(gong)精(jing)(jing)度(du)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)。對(dui)(dui)超跨(kua)(kua)距橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang) Z 向(xiang)導(dao)軌(gui)面(mian)起(qi)拱(gong)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)進行了設計(ji)，并用(yong)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)算法(fa)(fa)對(dui)(dui)其進行了優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)。首(shou)先用(yong)有限元方法(fa)(fa)仿d真計(ji)算了超跨(kua)(kua)距橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang)實際工(gong)作(zuo)時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形，伺服動(dong)力頭(tou)多少錢，并擬合了橫(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)(liang) Z 向(xiang)導(dao)軌(gui)變(bian)(bian)形的(de)(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)形曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)． 考(kao)慮了溜板(ban)左右 2 個接觸面(mian)對(dui)(dui)變(bian)(bian)形曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)影響(xiang)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)算法(fa)(fa)分多種情況設計(ji)和(he)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)了起(qi)拱(gong)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)。經分析(xi)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)算法(fa)(fa)得到(dao)起(qi)拱(gong)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)遠優(you)于(yu)以往起(qi)拱(gong)曲(qu)線(xian)(xian)設計(ji)方法(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果。通(tong)過優(you)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)設計(ji)，機床銑刀頭(tou)水平(ping)移(yi)動(dong)直線(xian)(xian)度(du)誤差和(he)角度(du)偏差已經遠低于(yu)規定的(de)(de)(de)值。