一次世界l大戰(zhan)后，物(wu)資(zi)回收(shou)站，由于汽車和其他機械工(gong)業的(de)需要，各種高(gao)l效自動(dong)車床(chuang)和專門化車床(chuang)迅速發(fa)(fa)展。為了提(ti)高(gao)小批量工(gong)件(jian)的(de)生產率，物(wu)資(zi)回收(shou)，1940年(nian)代(dai)末，物(wu)資(zi)回收(shou)價(jia)格，帶液(ye)壓仿形裝(zhuang)置的(de)車床(chuang)得到(dao)推廣，與此同時，多(duo)刀車床(chuang)也得到(dao)發(fa)(fa)展。1950年(nian)代(dai)中，發(fa)(fa)展了帶穿孔卡、插銷板和撥碼盤(pan)等的(de)程序控(kong)制車床(chuang)。數控(kong)技(ji)術于1960年(nian)代(dai)l開始用于車床(chuang)，1970年(nian)代(dai)后得到(dao)迅速發(fa)(fa)展。

車(che)(che)床的分類(lei)車(che)(che)床依用途(tu)和(he)功能(neng)區(qu)分為多(duo)種類(lei)型。

作(zuo)為(wei)現代工(gong)業(ye)(ye)基石的機(ji)床產業(ye)(ye)，是工(gong)業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)發展(zhan)過程中(zhong)無論(lun)如何(he)都(dou)不能(neng)繞過一(yi)個關鍵性問題，中(zhong)國機(ji)床產業(ye)(ye)由于先天不足，一(yi)直在中(zhong)高l端機(ji)床項目發展(zhan)上落(luo)于國外主流水準，正處于一(yi)個追趕的過程當中(zhong)。

中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)仍(reng)然較為(wei)落后。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)市(shi)場巨大(da)，與國(guo)外產品相比，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)的差距主要是(shi)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的高速高l效化(hua)(hua)和精密(mi)化(hua)(hua)上，中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)正處于工業(ye)化(hua)(hua)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)期，即(ji)從(cong)解決短缺為(wei)主的開放逐步向建設經濟強(qiang)國(guo)轉(zhuan)變，從(cong)脫貧向致(zhi)富(fu)轉(zhuan)變，煤炭、汽車、鋼鐵、房(fang)地(di)產、建材(cai)、機(ji)(ji)械(xie)、電子、化(hua)(hua)工等一批(pi)以重工業(ye)為(wei)基礎的高增長行業(ye)發展勢頭強(qiang)勁，構成了對(dui)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)市(shi)場尤其是(shi)數控(kong)機(ji)(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的巨大(da)需求(qiu)。

按照機床主要器l官的數目(mu)，可分為單(dan)軸、多(duo)軸、單(dan)刀(dao)、多(duo)刀(dao)機床等(deng).

按(an)照自(zi)動化程度不同，可分為(wei)普通(tong)、半自(zi)動和自(zi)動機(ji)床(chuang).

自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)機(ji)床具有完整的(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作循環(huan)，包括自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)裝(zhuang)卸工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)，能(neng)夠連(lian)續(xu)的(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)出(chu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian).半自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)機(ji)床也有完整的(de)自(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)動(dong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作循環(huan)，但裝(zhuang)卸工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)還需人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)完成，物(wu)資回收廠家，因(yin)此不(bu)能(neng)連(lian)續(xu)地加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong).

機床(chuang)(chuang)的型(xing)(xing)號是機床(chuang)(chuang)產品的代號，用以表明機床(chuang)(chuang)的類型(xing)(xing)，通用和結構特性，主要技術參數等.GB/T15375-94《金屬切削機床(chuang)(chuang)型(xing)(xing)號編制(zhi)方(fang)法》規(gui)定(ding)，我國的機床(chuang)(chuang)型(xing)(xing)號由漢語拼音字母和阿(a)拉伯數字按一定(ding)規(gui)律組(zu)合而(er)成.