碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)具有(you)強度高(gao)(gao)、模量高(gao)(gao)、耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)溫、導電等(deng)一系列性(xing)能，首先在(zai)航(hang)空(kong)航(hang)天(tian)領域得到(dao)廣(guang)泛應用，近年(nian)來在(zai)運動器(qi)具和體育用品(pin)方面(mian)也廣(guang)泛采(cai)用。據預測，土木建筑、交通運輸、汽車(che)、能源等(deng)領域將會大規模采(cai)用工(gong)(gong)業(ye)級碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)。1997~2000年(nian)間(jian)，宇航(hang)用碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)年(nian)增長率(lv)估計為31%，而工(gong)(gong)業(ye)用碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)年(nian)增長率(lv)估計會達到(dao)130%。中國(guo)的(de)(de)碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)總體水平還比較(jiao)低，相當于(yu)國(guo)外七十年(nian)代中、末期水平，與國(guo)外差距達20年(nian)左右。國(guo)產碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)主(zhu)要(yao)問(wen)題是性(xing)能不太穩定且離散(san)系數大、無碳(tan)(tan)(tan)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)、品(pin)種單一、規格不全、連續長度不夠、未經表面(mian)處理、價格偏高(gao)(gao)等(deng)。

增強(qiang)材(cai)料樹(shu)脂基復合材(cai)料采(cai)用(yong)的增強(qiang)材(cai)料主要(yao)有(you)玻璃纖(xian)維(wei)、碳纖(xian)維(wei)、芳綸纖(xian)維(wei)、超高分子量聚乙(yi)烯纖(xian)維(wei)等(deng)。

玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)目前(qian)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于復(fu)(fu)合材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)主要有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)、石(shi)英玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)和高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)硅氧玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)等。由(you)于高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)，因此(ci)增長率也(ye)比較快，年增長率達到(dao)(dao)10%以上。高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)復(fu)(fu)合材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)不僅應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)軍i用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)方面，近年來民用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)產(chan)品(pin)也(ye)有廣泛應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，如防i彈服、直(zhi)升飛(fei)機(ji)機(ji)翼(yi)、預警機(ji)雷達罩、各種高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)壓(ya)力容器(qi)、民用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)飛(fei)機(ji)直(zhi)板(ban)、體(ti)育用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)品(pin)、各類耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)以及近期報(bao)道的(de)性能優異的(de)輪(lun)胎簾子線等。石(shi)英玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)及高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)硅氧玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)屬于耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)的(de)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)，是比較理想的(de)耐(nai)熱防火材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)其增強(qiang)(qiang)酚醛樹(shu)脂可制(zhi)(zhi)成各種結構的(de)耐(nai)高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)溫(wen)、耐(nai)燒(shao)蝕的(de)復(fu)(fu)合材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)部件，綏化(hua)噴絲(si)地毯塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)地板(ban)，大量應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于火箭、導i彈的(de)防熱材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。迄今(jin)為止(zhi)，中國已(yi)經實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)的(de)樹(shu)脂基(ji)復(fu)(fu)合材(cai)(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)碳(tan)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)、芳綸纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)三大增強(qiang)(qiang)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)中，PVC噴絲(si)地毯塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)地板(ban)廠家價格，只有高(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)(du)玻璃(li)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)(wei)已(yi)達到(dao)(dao)水平，且擁有自主知識產(chan)權，PVC噴絲(si)地毯塑料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)地板(ban)價格，形成了小規模的(de)產(chan)業，現階段年產(chan)可達500噸。

復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao) 是一(yi)種(zhong)混合(he)物(wu)。在很(hen)多領域都(dou)發(fa)揮了很(hen)大的作用，代替了很(hen)多傳統的材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)按(an)其組(zu)(zu)成分(fen)為(wei)(wei)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、非(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、非(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)與(yu)(yu)非(fei)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。按(an)其結構(gou)特點又分(fen)為(wei)(wei)：①纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。將各(ge)種(zhong)纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)體置(zhi)于基體材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)內(nei)復(fu)合(he)而成。如纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)、纖(xian)維(wei)(wei)增強(qiang)(qiang)金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)等。②夾層(ceng)(ceng)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。由性質(zhi)(zhi)不同的表面(mian)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)(he)芯材(cai)(cai)組(zu)(zu)合(he)而成。通常(chang)面(mian)材(cai)(cai)強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)高、薄；芯材(cai)(cai)質(zhi)(zhi)輕、強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)低，PVC噴絲(si)地(di)毯(tan)塑(su)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)地(di)板(ban)費用，但具(ju)有一(yi)定剛度(du)和(he)(he)厚度(du)。分(fen)為(wei)(wei)實心夾層(ceng)(ceng)和(he)(he)蜂(feng)窩夾層(ceng)(ceng)兩(liang)種(zhong)。③細(xi)粒(li)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。將硬質(zhi)(zhi)細(xi)粒(li)均勻(yun)分(fen)布于基體中(zhong)，如彌散強(qiang)(qiang)化合(he)金、金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)陶瓷等。④混雜(za)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。由兩(liang)種(zhong)或兩(liang)種(zhong)以上(shang)增強(qiang)(qiang)相材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)混雜(za)于一(yi)種(zhong)基體相材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)中(zhong)構(gou)成。與(yu)(yu)普(pu)通單(dan)增強(qiang)(qiang)相復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)比，其沖擊強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)、疲勞強(qiang)(qiang)度(du)和(he)(he)斷(duan)裂韌性顯著提高，并具(ju)有特殊的熱膨脹性能。分(fen)為(wei)(wei)層(ceng)(ceng)內(nei)混雜(za)、層(ceng)(ceng)間混雜(za)、夾芯混雜(za)、層(ceng)(ceng)內(nei)/層(ceng)(ceng)間混雜(za)和(he)(he)超(chao)混雜(za)復(fu)合(he)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。