我國光伏(fu)并網發(fa)電(dian)已(yi)經非(fei)常成(cheng)熟(shu)。2013年以來(lai)，國家出(chu)臺了一系列光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)促進政策，鼓勵地方產業、家庭和(he)公(gong)共建筑(zhu)建設光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)設施。太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)系統是利用(yong)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)直接將太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換成(cheng)電(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)發(fa)電(dian)系統。家用(yong)太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)電(dian)系統由太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)電(dian)池(chi)組、太(tai)陽能(neng)(neng)(neng)控制器、蓄電(dian)池(chi)（組）組成(cheng)。光伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)原(yuan)理是半導(dao)體(ti)的(de)光電(dian)效應。光子(zi)照射到(dao)金屬(shu)上時，它的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量可以被金屬(shu)中(zhong)某(mou)個(ge)電(dian)子(zi)全部吸收(shou)，電(dian)子(zi)吸收(shou)的(de)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量足夠大，能(neng)(neng)(neng)克服(fu)金屬(shu)內部引力做功，集中(zhong)式光伏(fu)電(dian)站，離開金屬(shu)表面逃逸出(chu)來(lai)，成(cheng)為光電(dian)子(zi)。

中國(guo)是光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安裝量(liang)增長快的(de)國(guo)家(jia)，2011年(nian)的(de)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安裝量(liang)比2010年(nian)增長了約(yue)5倍，2011年(nian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池產量(liang)達到20GW，約(yue)占(zhan)的(de)65%。獨立光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也叫離網光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要(yao)由太陽(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組件、控制器、蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組成，若要(yao)為交流負(fu)載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)，還需(xu)要(yao)配置交流逆變器。隨著國(guo)家(jia)新能(neng)源產業的(de)發(fa)展和(he)太陽(yang)能(neng)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)普及，太陽(yang)能(neng)光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的(de)高產率和(he)高可(ke)靠(kao)性的(de)特點使得屋頂光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)逐漸得到用戶的(de)認可(ke)。大多數(shu)農村(cun)居民和(he)企業主都在自家(jia)屋頂安裝了光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。

光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是根(gen)據(ju)光(guang)(guang)產生伏(fu)(fu)打效應原理將太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)轉換(huan)為電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，無輻射，逆(ni)變(bian)器、配(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜等電(dian)(dian)(dian)子器件都(dou)通過 EMC（電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼容性）測試，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站收購，所以對人體(ti)沒有危害。獨(du)立(li)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站包括邊遠地(di)區的(de)村莊供電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)戶(hu)用電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)，通信信號電(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)、陰極(ji)保護、太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)路燈等各(ge)種帶有蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)可(ke)以獨(du)立(li)運行的(de)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是利用太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)直接將太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)轉換(huan)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)。家用太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)由太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組(zu)、太(tai)(tai)陽能(neng)控制器、蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)（組(zu)）組(zu)成。