驅動器的原理

步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)驅動(dong)器的(de)原(yuan)理，采用單(dan)極(ji)性直流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。只(zhi)要對步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)的(de)各相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)按(an)合適的(de)時序(xu)(xu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，就能(neng)使(shi)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。圖(tu)(tu)2是(shi)該四(si)(si)(si)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)反應式(shi)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)工(gong)作原(yuan)理示意圖(tu)(tu)。圖(tu)(tu)2四(si)(si)(si)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)示意圖(tu)(tu) 開(kai)(kai)始時，開(kai)(kai)關SB接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，SA、SC、SD斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)，配(pei)套(tao)(tao)驅動(dong)器價格(ge)，B相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)和(he)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)0、3號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)對齊，配(pei)套(tao)(tao)驅動(dong)器價格(ge)，同(tong)時，轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)的(de)1、4號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)就和(he)C、D相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)產生錯(cuo)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)，福建配(pei)套(tao)(tao)驅動(dong)器，2、5號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)就和(he)D、A相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)產生錯(cuo)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)。 當開(kai)(kai)關SC接(jie)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源，SB、SA、SD斷(duan)開(kai)(kai)時，由于(yu)C相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線和(he)1、4號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)之間磁(ci)(ci)(ci)力(li)線的(de)作用，使(shi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)，1、4號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)C相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)的(de)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)對齊。而0、3號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)和(he)A、B相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)產生錯(cuo)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)，2、5號齒(chi)(chi)(chi)就和(he)A、D相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)極(ji)產生錯(cuo)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)。依次(ci)類推，A、B、C、D四(si)(si)(si)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)繞(rao)(rao)組(zu)輪流供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，則轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)子(zi)(zi)(zi)會沿著(zhu)A、B、C、D方(fang)(fang)(fang)向轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。四(si)(si)(si)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)步(bu)(bu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)按(an)照(zhao)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)順序(xu)(xu)的(de)不同(tong)，可分(fen)(fen)為單(dan)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)、雙(shuang)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)、八拍(pai)三種工(gong)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)。單(dan)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)與(yu)雙(shuang)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)的(de)步(bu)(bu)距(ju)角相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)等，但單(dan)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)力(li)矩(ju)小。八拍(pai)工(gong)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)步(bu)(bu)距(ju)角是(shi)單(dan)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)與(yu)雙(shuang)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)的(de)一(yi)半，因此，八拍(pai)工(gong)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)既可以(yi)保持較高的(de)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)力(li)矩(ju)又(you)可以(yi)提高控(kong)制(zhi)精度。圖(tu)(tu)3單(dan)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)、雙(shuang)四(si)(si)(si)拍(pai)與(yu)八拍(pai)工(gong)作方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)時序(xu)(xu)與(yu)波形分(fen)(fen)別如圖(tu)(tu)3.a、b、c所(suo)示。驅動(dong)器相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)當于(yu)開(kai)(kai)關的(de)組(zu)合單(dan)元。通(tong)過上位機(ji)(ji)的(de)脈沖信號有順序(xu)(xu)給(gei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)相(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)序(xu)(xu)通(tong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)使(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)(zhuan)動(dong)。

驅動器的優點介紹

出(chu)色的(de)(de)平均(jun)和(he)低(di)(di)速(su)范圍(wei)：步(bu)進驅(qu)(qu)動器體積小，在這(zhe)樣一個小的(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，配(pei)套(tao)驅(qu)(qu)動器公司(si)，較好的(de)(de)平均(jun)值和(he)低(di)(di)速(su)縮放(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)必(bi)要的(de)(de)，小系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)較大轉(zhuan)矩(ju)(ju)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)步(bu)進驅(qu)(qu)動器的(de)(de)一個流行特性，這(zhe)也(ye)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)步(bu)進驅(qu)(qu)動器和(he)伺(si)(si)(si)服電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)區別(bie)點(dian)。伺(si)(si)(si)服電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)高(gao)(gao)速(su)運(yun)行時能夠產生平滑轉(zhuan)矩(ju)(ju)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)，而(er)步(bu)進電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)驅(qu)(qu)動器在中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)低(di)(di)速(su)運(yun)行時會產生高(gao)(gao)頻轉(zhuan)矩(ju)(ju)，隨著轉(zhuan)速(su)范圍(wei)的(de)(de)增大，高(gao)(gao)頻轉(zhuan)矩(ju)(ju)逐漸(jian)減小。步(bu)進驅(qu)(qu)動器也(ye)可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)高(gao)(gao)速(su)操(cao)作，但(dan)周期有限。通(tong)常情況(kuang)下(xia)，由于(yu)功率(lv)損耗(hao)大、系(xi)統(tong)控制率(lv)低(di)(di)、電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)停止不準確度(du)增加等原因(yin)，避免了高(gao)(gao)速(su)測距操(cao)作。通(tong)常中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)速(su)操(cao)作中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，伺(si)(si)(si)服和(he)步(bu)進驅(qu)(qu)動器都(dou)配(pei)備良好。伺(si)(si)(si)服電(dian)(dian)機(ji)(ji)(ji)在低(di)(di)速(su)時會出(chu)現問(wen)題，因(yin)為它們不利(li)于(yu)上述操(cao)作，在實際應用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，步(bu)進驅(qu)(qu)動器更有用(yong)(yong)(yong)。由于(yu)其結(jie)構(gou)簡單，價(jia)格低(di)(di)廉，因(yin)此將(jiang)其納入系(xi)統(tong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)也(ye)可以降低(di)(di)生產成本。

驅動器概述

步進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi)是(shi)(shi)一種將(jiang)電(dian)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)轉化為角(jiao)位(wei)(wei)移的(de)執(zhi)行機(ji)構。當步進(jin)驅(qu)動(dong)器(qi)接收到(dao)一個(ge)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)信號(hao)，它就驅(qu)動(dong)步進(jin)電(dian)機(ji)按設定(ding)(ding)的(de)方向(xiang)轉動(dong)一個(ge)固定(ding)(ding)的(de)角(jiao)度(du)(稱為“步距角(jiao)”)，它的(de)旋轉是(shi)(shi)以固定(ding)(ding)的(de)角(jiao)度(du)一步一步運行的(de)。可以通過控制(zhi)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)個(ge)數來控制(zhi)角(jiao)位(wei)(wei)移量(liang)，從(cong)而(er)達到(dao)準確定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)的(de)目(mu)的(de)；同時可以通過控制(zhi)脈(mo)(mo)沖(chong)頻率來控制(zhi)電(dian)機(ji)轉動(dong)的(de)速度(du)和加(jia)速度(du)，從(cong)而(er)達到(dao)調(diao)速和定(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)的(de)目(mu)的(de)。