如何延(yan)長家用光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發電系統的(de)壽(shou)命？我(wo)們知道，光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電站(zhan)一(yi)般建設(she)在屋頂或者偏僻(pi)的(de)地(di)區，現場查(cha)看不(bu)是很方便(bian)。且光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電站(zhan)由組(zu)件、匯流(liu)箱(xiang)、集中逆變器、箱(xiang)變、組(zu)串逆變器、交流(liu)匯流(liu)箱(xiang)、變壓器、配電柜等設(she)備構成，設(she)備來(lai)自不(bu)同的(de)廠家，一(yi)旦設(she)備出現故障，不(bu)利于(yu)排(pai)查(cha)，采用傳統的(de)人工檢查(cha)方式，大型太陽(yang)能光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電站(zhan)，費時(shi)費力，且效(xiao)率(lv)低。在此背景(jing)下(xia)，分布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)行(xing)業催生(sheng)了(le)一(yi)大批光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)并網(wang)系統商(shang)。利用分布(bu)式光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)監(jian)控(kong)系統，上海光(guang)(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電站(zhan)，無(wu)死角掃描監(jian)控(kong)，大大提高了(le)電站(zhan)的(de)整體運(yun)維服務，可延(yan)緩電站(zhan)老速(su)率(lv)。

在農(nong)村使用(yong)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)優勢、屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)資源(yuan)豐(feng)富。農(nong)村新房占地面(mian)積一般在80-80平方(fang)(fang)米，屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)雖然不大面(mian)積以(yi)30-20平方(fang)(fang)米為主，屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)一般以(yi)平屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)或者斜面(mian)屋(wu)頂(ding)(ding)(ding)為主，房子結構、高(gao)度基本相仿且(qie)分散，不像城市(shi)建筑為追求設計以(yi)及(ji)視覺的(de)美感而高(gao)低(di)不平，可能(neng)會存在發(fa)生遮擋(dang)現(xian)(xian)象。現(xian)(xian)在農(nong)村安(an)裝規模以(yi)3kW-5kW為主。申請(qing)、安(an)裝、并(bing)網容易。農(nong)村用(yong)戶申請(qing)光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統，直接去當地供電(dian)(dian)(dian)部門申請(qing)即可，從申請(qing)到并(bing)網供電(dian)(dian)(dian)部門不會額外收取費用(yong)，并(bing)且(qie)還會派專人勘察現(xian)(xian)場，集中光伏電(dian)(dian)(dian)站，出(chu)具合理(li)的(de)并(bing)網方(fang)(fang)案。現(xian)(xian)在用(yong)戶光伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)一般采用(yong)“自發(fa)自用(yong)，余電(dian)(dian)(dian)上網”的(de)模式，并(bing)網也是就近原則。

光(guang)(guang)伏發電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)組成(cheng)部分（）PV板(ban)(ban)(ban)（太陽能(neng)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、太陽能(neng)電(dian)池(chi)板(ban)(ban)(ban)、太陽能(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏組件），吸收(shou)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)并把光(guang)(guang)能(neng)轉化為(wei)(wei)電(dian)能(neng)，PV板(ban)(ban)(ban)常用(yong)材料(liao)有單晶(jing)硅、多(duo)晶(jing)硅和非晶(jing)硅三種(zhong)，其中單晶(jing)硅轉換效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)4~20%，多(duo)晶(jing)蛙轉換效(xiao)(xiao)率(lv)為(wei)(wei)3%左右，別墅光(guang)(guang)伏電(dian)站，非晶(jing)蛙則為(wei)(wei)8~0%。儲電(dian)設(she)備，目(mu)前離網型發電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的(de)儲電(dian)設(she)備以免維(wei)護電(dian)池(chi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)，電(dian)池(chi)能(neng)把PV板(ban)(ban)(ban)產生的(de)電(dian)能(neng)儲備起來。充電(dian)和輸出控制控制器：控制器的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)是控制整個系統(tong)(tong)穩定安全(quan)地工作(zuo)(zuo)。