太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)發(fa)電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)建設周期(qi)短，長(chang)期(qi)收益高，可以穩定運行25年(nian)以上，從而給企業(ye)帶來長(chang)期(qi)穩定的收益，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)已成(cheng)為企業(ye)在新時代的標準配置(zhi)。光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)是根(gen)據光(guang)(guang)產生(sheng)伏(fu)打效應原理將(jiang)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)轉換為電(dian)能(neng)，無輻射，逆變器(qi)、配電(dian)柜等電(dian)子器(qi)件(jian)都通過 EMC（電(dian)磁兼容性）測試，所(suo)以對人體(ti)沒有危害。分布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)的基本設備包(bao)括光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)池組件(jian)、光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)方陣支架、直流匯(hui)流箱、直流配電(dian)柜、并(bing)網逆變器(qi)、交(jiao)流配電(dian)柜等設備，另外(wai)還有供(gong)電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)監控裝置(zhi)和(he)環境(jing)監測裝置(zhi)。

帶有蓄電(dian)(dian)池的并網發電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統具有可調(diao)度(du)性，可以根據需要并入(ru)或退出電(dian)(dian)網，還具有備用(yong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的功(gong)能，當電(dian)(dian)網因故停電(dian)(dian)時可緊(jin)急供電(dian)(dian)。帶有蓄電(dian)(dian)池的光伏(fu)并網發電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統常(chang)常(chang)安裝(zhuang)在居(ju)民建筑；不帶蓄電(dian)(dian)池的并網發電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統不具備可調(diao)度(du)性和備用(yong)電(dian)(dian)源(yuan)(yuan)的功(gong)能，一(yi)般(ban)安裝(zhuang)在較大型的系(xi)統上。中國是光伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)安裝(zhuang)量增(zeng)長快的國家，2011年的光伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)安裝(zhuang)量比2010年增(zeng)長了(le)約5倍，2011年電(dian)(dian)池產量達(da)到20GW，約占的65%。

光(guang)(guang)(guang)發(fa)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)原理(li)是，太陽光(guang)(guang)(guang)照(zhao)在半(ban)導體p-n結上，工(gong)(gong)廠(chang)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價(jia)格，形成新的(de)(de)(de)空穴(xue)(xue)-電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子對，在p-n結內(nei)建電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)下，空穴(xue)(xue)由n區(qu)流(liu)向p區(qu)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)子由p區(qu)流(liu)向n區(qu)，接通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路后就(jiu)(jiu)形成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。這就(jiu)(jiu)是光(guang)(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效應(ying)太陽能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)原理(li)。獨立(li)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站包括邊遠地區(qu)的(de)(de)(de)村莊供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統，太陽能(neng)戶用(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)系(xi)統，通信信號電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)源(yuan)、陰極保護、太陽能(neng)路燈等(deng)各種(zhong)帶有蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)(de)(de)可以獨立(li)運行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系(xi)統。光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)與傳統水(shui)處理(li)市政(zheng)設施相結合，通過(guo)光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)水(shui)務模式，能(neng)夠有效降低水(shui)處理(li)成本和單位水(shui)處理(li)的(de)(de)(de)碳(tan)排(pai)放。再(zai)如光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)農(nong)業科技(ji)大棚，棚頂安裝光(guang)(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池或集熱器，柔性透光(guang)(guang)(guang)，適合于(yu)某(mou)些(xie)農(nong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)和經濟作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)生長，也能(neng)實現工(gong)(gong)業化(hua)和土地的(de)(de)(de)高產(chan)出(chu)。