電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)就是利用導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)來傳導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)，因而電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)格都以導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)截(jie)面表(biao)示。電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，可以制(zhi)成(cheng)整根實心的(de)(de)(de)，或是由(you)多根單(dan)線(xian)絞合而成(cheng)，形(xing)狀可以是圓(yuan)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)和扇形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)結構。引(yin)起電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)本身發熱(re)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)多少錢一(yi)米(mi)，引(yin)起包覆導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)絕緣(yuan)老化開裂，造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)路漏(lou)電(dian)(dian)(dian)、短路，甚至造(zao)(zao)成(cheng)火災，危及人身、財產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)安全。標準對(dui)不同規(gui)(gui)格電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)直(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)值均有嚴格的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)定(ding)，不得大于標準規(gui)(gui)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)值。導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)是指能(neng)傳導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)(de)物體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)，又稱為導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)芯。用作電(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)(lan)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)材料(liao)，首先要有良好的(de)(de)(de)導(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)性能(neng)，即電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)要小，以減少電(dian)(dian)(dian)流在(zai)(zai)線(xian)路上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)損(sun)耗(hao)。損(sun)耗(hao)與電(dian)(dian)(dian)流大小、電(dian)(dian)(dian)阻(zu)大小有直(zhi)接關系，并表(biao)現在(zai)(zai)導(dao)(dao)體(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)(de)發熱(re)上(shang)(shang)。

絕(jue)緣是(shi)(shi)將絕(jue)緣材(cai)料(liao)(liao)按其耐(nai)受電(dian)(dian)壓程度的要求，以不同的厚(hou)度包復(fu)在(zai)導體(ti)外(wai)面而成，起著使帶電(dian)(dian)體(ti)與其他部分隔絕(jue)的作用(yong)。導體(ti)是(shi)(shi)指能傳(chuan)導電(dian)(dian)流的物體(ti)，又稱為導電(dian)(dian)線(xian)芯。用(yong)作電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)導體(ti)的材(cai)料(liao)(liao)，首先要有良(liang)好的導電(dian)(dian)性能，即電(dian)(dian)阻要小(xiao)，以減少電(dian)(dian)流在(zai)線(xian)路上(shang)(shang)(shang)的損耗(hao)。損耗(hao)與電(dian)(dian)流大小(xiao)、電(dian)(dian)阻大小(xiao)有直接關系，并表(biao)現(xian)在(zai)導體(ti)的發熱上(shang)(shang)(shang)。在(zai)導體(ti)上(shang)(shang)(shang)、絕(jue)緣層上(shang)(shang)(shang)、電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)芯上(shang)(shang)(shang)或電(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)纜(lan)外(wai)層，為了防(fang)止外(wai)界(jie)電(dian)(dian)磁波干擾或是(shi)(shi)起均(jun)勻電(dian)(dian)埸作用(yong)，還包有金(jin)屬帶、絲或半導電(dian)(dian)塑料(liao)(liao)等材(cai)料(liao)(liao)。這些都稱為屏蔽(bi)層。

WDZN耐火(huo)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要特點是電(dian)纜(lan)除了(le)能在(zai)(zai)正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作條件(jian)下(xia)傳輸(shu)電(dian)力外，電(dian)纜(lan)在(zai)(zai)著火(huo)燃燒時仍能保持一定時間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)常運行，適用于站、地鐵、隧(sui)道、高(gao)層建筑(zhu)等與(yu)防火(huo)安全(quan)和(he)消防救生有關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地方。引起電(dian)纜(lan)導體本身(shen)(shen)發熱，引起包覆導體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)絕緣老化開裂(lie)，造成(cheng)(cheng)供電(dian)線路(lu)漏電(dian)、短路(lu)，甚至造成(cheng)(cheng)火(huo)災，危(wei)及人身(shen)(shen)、財(cai)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)。標(biao)準對不同規格(ge)電(dian)纜(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)導體直(zhi)流電(dian)阻(zu)值均有嚴格(ge)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規定，不得大于標(biao)準規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)值。交(jiao)聯(lian)絕緣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)品種雖多(duo)，但主要分(fen)為物理交(jiao)聯(lian)和(he)化學交(jiao)聯(lian)兩大類。物理交(jiao)聯(lian)也稱(cheng)為輻(fu)照交(jiao)聯(lian)，一般適用于絕緣厚度較(jiao)薄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)低壓電(dian)纜(lan)。化學交(jiao)聯(lian)方法比高(gao)能輻(fu)射交(jiao)聯(lian)工(gong)藝簡(jian)單(dan)，操作安全(quan)，輻(fu)照交(jiao)聯(lian)聚乙烯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)聯(lian)度約為70％，而(er)化學交(jiao)聯(lian)可達70～90％。