是指從(cong)事建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)活動的(de)企業(ye)必須(xu)具備的(de)資格(ge)，包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)括(kuo)設(she)計、建(jian)設(she)、監理等。在中國境內進(jin)行建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)企業(ye)需要取得相(xiang)應的(de)《中華人民共(gong)和國》頒發的(de)許可(ke)證(zheng)或批準文件方可(ke)合法經營。根據不同(tong)(tong)的(de)行業(ye)和企業(ye)類型不同(tong)(tong)，可(ke)以劃分(fen)為以下幾種：房屋建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)；市政公用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)；機電(dian)安裝工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)；電(dian)力(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)；礦山工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)；冶煉工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)攬(lan);化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)石油工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)總(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao);通信工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)獨(du)資承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao);公路交通工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao);鐵路電(dian)務(wu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao);港口與航道工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao);水利水電(dian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao);園林綠化工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)承(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)(bao)等多種類別(bie)。

建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料如下：1.《中華人(ren)(ren)(ren)民共和(he)(he)國境內外(wai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)勘察設(she)(she)計(ji)資(zi)(zi)(zi)歷和(he)(he)力量申請表》；《工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)咨詢單位資(zi)(zi)(zi)格(ge)證(zheng)(zheng)書(shu)》復印件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，并加(jia)蓋申請人(ren)(ren)(ren)公(gong)章(zhang)；企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織(zhi)機構代碼證(zheng)(zheng)副本原件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)及(ji)復印件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)。如果是一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)公(gong)司或(huo)(huo)(huo)公(gong)司需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)提(ti)(ti)供總公(gong)司營業(ye)(ye)執照、稅(shui)務(wu)登記(ji)證(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)復印件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，同時需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)在資(zi)(zi)(zi)格(ge)審查時提(ti)(ti)交一(yi)份上(shang)(shang)述(shu)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正本核對件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)（以備(bei)(bei)長期存(cun)檔）。2.企(qi)業(ye)(ye)章(zhang)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)印鑒(須(xu)(xu)具(ju)有(you)主管部門備(bei)(bei)案(an));企(qi)業(ye)(ye)管理(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)書(shu);股(gu)權轉讓(rang)后在原基(ji)礎上(shang)(shang)更(geng)換了(le)股(gu)東大會決(jue)議和(he)(he)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)新的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)商注冊(ce)(ce)證(zheng)(zheng)明等有(you)關(guan)材料。涉及(ji)合(he)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)還必須(xu)(xu)增加(jia)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)同文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)等公(gong)證(zheng)(zheng)性材料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出示。30%的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)還應(ying)配備(bei)(bei)相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技術(shu)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)，如:建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)級(ji)注冊(ce)(ce)結(jie)構工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)師不少于6人(ren)(ren)(ren)、電氣二級(ji)以及(ji)給排水、暖通空調、動力機械、化工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、巖土工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)各一(yi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)。其中技術(shu)職稱人(ren)(ren)(ren)員(yuan)所(suo)占比例應(ying)大于85%，并在過去五年中累(lei)計(ji)完(wan)成過二十項(xiang)以上(shang)(shang)四(si)十層(ceng)以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)民用住宅(zhai)房屋建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)或(huo)(huo)(huo)者建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)面積在一(yi)萬平方米以上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)其他重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)承(cheng)包工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。4..已取得業(ye)(ye)績項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中標通知(zhi)書(shu)或(huo)(huo)(huo)驗收(shou)報告及(ji)其相關(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)管理(li)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料和(he)(he)技術(shu)質量檔案(an)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)掃(sao)描件(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，并加(jia)上(shang)(shang)相關(guan)負責人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簽名和(he)(he)蓋上(shang)(shang)施工(gong)(gong)單位公(gong)章(zhang)。招標項(xiang)目(mu)方面必須(xu)(xu)是符(fu)合(he)國家(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相關(guan)標準規(gui)范要(yao)(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量合(he)格(ge)范圍之(zhi)內的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)。竣工(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)目(mu)必須(xu)(xu)在自(zi)出具(ju)之(zhi)日起三個月之(zhi)內全部完(wan)成并提(ti)(ti)供完(wan)整的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技術(shu)檔案(an)管理(li)記(ji)錄。這些都需(xu)(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)根據(ju)具(ju)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)地區(qu)規(gui)定來執行操作(zuo)(zuo)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)。

施工過程中(zhong)(zhong)可(ke)能(neng)會(hui)(hui)遇到以(yi)(yi)下問題：1.缺少(shao)(shao)必要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)。在申請建筑業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)資(zi)質時，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)提交一系(xi)(xi)列的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)，包括公司營業(ye)(ye)執(zhi)照(zhao)(zhao)、章程、組(zu)織(zhi)機構(gou)副本等(deng)(deng)等(deng)(deng)，如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)這些基本文件(jian)(jian)不(bu)(bu)齊全(quan)或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)內容有(you)誤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)話(hua)就會(hui)(hui)影(ying)響到審核(he)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結果(guo)(guo)。此(ci)外(wai)還需(xu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意材(cai)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)真實(shi)性，不(bu)(bu)能(neng)證(zheng)(zheng)件(jian)(jian)或(huo)(huo)公章等(deng)(deng)行(xing)為。如(ru)(ru)果(guo)(guo)在審查(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)過程中(zhong)(zhong)發現(xian)存(cun)在情況出現(xian)會(hui)(hui)被直接取消申報資(zi)格或(huo)(huo)者(zhe)是暫停(ting)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)3個(ge)月(yue)以(yi)(yi)上一年以(yi)(yi)下的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)處罰。情節(jie)嚴(yan)重者(zhe)還會(hui)(hui)被吊銷(xiao)執(zhi)照(zhao)(zhao)以(yi)(yi)及項目經理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)從業(ye)(ye)資(zi)格證(zheng)(zheng)書。另(ling)外(wai)沒有(you)按照(zhao)(zhao)規定進行(xing)延續或(huo)(huo)許可(ke)證(zheng)(zheng)書已過期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情況也(ye)(ye)會(hui)(hui)影(ying)響企(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)質申辦(ban)。2.技術工人(ren)(ren)(ren)不(bu)(bu)能(neng)滿足要(yao)(yao)(yao)求。技術工人(ren)(ren)(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)等(deng)(deng)級(ji)(ji)不(bu)(bu)符(fu)合相關(guan)標(biao)準也(ye)(ye)是導致新辦(ban)和升級(ji)(ji)困難的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)原因之一。比(bi)如(ru)(ru)一級(ji)(ji)注(zhu)冊建造(zao)師(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)占總人(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)50%左右，但實(shi)際的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)比(bi)例卻遠(yuan)遠(yuan)達不(bu)(bu)到這個(ge)數(shu)字(zi)。此(ci)外(wai)技師(shi)人(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)也(ye)(ye)少(shao)(shao)，這主要(yao)(yao)(yao)是因為企(qi)業(ye)(ye)在對高技能(neng)人(ren)(ren)(ren)才的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)培養上還存(cun)在缺陷。。3.系(xi)(xi)統優化繁瑣。由于(yu)系(xi)(xi)統設計(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，報考二級(ji)(ji)建造(zao)師(shi)證(zheng)(zheng)多(duo)少(shao)(shao)錢，很多(duo)操作非常麻煩，例如(ru)(ru)安全(quan)許可(ke)證(zheng)(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)延期必須要(yao)(yao)(yao)提供原件(jian)(jian)才能(neng)完成審批流程;其(qi)次電子簽(qian)名的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺失使得很多(duo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)簽(qian)字(zi)蓋章必須采用郵寄的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方式轉交出去等(deng)(deng)。。4.材(cai)料(liao)準備(bei)不(bu)(bu)足或(huo)(huo)在邏輯(ji)關(guan)系(xi)(xi)上有(you)漏洞。如(ru)(ru)業(ye)(ye)績材(cai)料(liao)不(bu)(bu)全(quan)，關(guan)鍵文檔丟失損壞等(deng)(deng)情況也(ye)(ye)可(ke)能(neng)出現(xian)在大型項目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)招標(biao)階段中(zhong)(zhong)頻繁出現(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)狀(zhuang)況里。