CRT 作(zuo)為(wei)一種重要的(de)(de)(de)可控(kong)(kong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)類(lei)型(xing)(xing)(xing)， 對(dui)(dui)其(qi)分(fen)類(lei)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)尚(shang)無文獻報(bao)道。 近些年(nian)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)主要集(ji)中在控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構形式(shi)及控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方式(shi)的(de)(de)(de)方面， 筆者根(gen)據控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構不同將 CRT 分(fen)為(wei)單(dan)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、多控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、多并聯(lian)(lian)支(zhi)路(lu)型(xing)(xing)(xing)、控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)繞(rao)組(zu)(zu)分(fen)級式(shi)。串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)也稱阻(zu)尼電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)，與電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)組(zu)(zu)或密集(ji)型(xing)(xing)(xing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)相串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)組(zu)(zu)成無功(gong)補償裝置，用以限制(zhi)(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)合閘涌流(liu)，及削(xue)減不裝設(she)(she)串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)時電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)組(zu)(zu)對(dui)(dui)系統諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波的(de)(de)(de)放大作(zuo)用。為(wei)了使系統原(yuan)有諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波不致因(yin)增設(she)(she)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)回路(lu)而(er)放大，需裝設(she)(she)串(chuan)聯(lian)(lian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)使電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)回路(lu)對(dui)(dui)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波呈感性(xing)，降低了母線上的(de)(de)(de)諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓值，提高供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)質量(liang)，而(er)且限制(zhi)(zhi)了高次諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)流(liu)入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)組(zu)(zu)，抑制(zhi)(zhi)高次諧(xie)(xie)(xie)波，保護(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)容(rong)器(qi)。空(kong)(kong)(kong)心(xin)(xin)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)，其(qi)沒有鐵(tie)心(xin)(xin)，只有線圈(quan)，磁(ci)(ci)路(lu)為(wei)非導磁(ci)(ci)體。因(yin)此磁(ci)(ci)阻(zu)很(hen)大，輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感值很(hen)小，且為(wei)常(chang)數。空(kong)(kong)(kong)心(xin)(xin)式(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)的(de)(de)(de)結(jie)構形式(shi)多種多樣。其(qi)中，用混凝(ning)土(tu)將繞(rao)好的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)線圈(quan)澆筑(zhu)成一個牢固(gu)的(de)(de)(de)整體被稱為(wei)水泥空(kong)(kong)(kong)心(xin)(xin)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)。

輸出電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)主要應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于工(gong)業自動(dong)化系統工(gong)程中，特別是使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)場合，用(yong)(yong)(yong)于延(yan)長(chang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有(you)效傳(chuan)輸距離，有(you)效抑制(zhi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)IGBT模塊開關時(shi)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)瞬間高(gao)壓。電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)在(zai)額定負載(zai)下(xia)(xia)長(chang)期正常運行的(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間，就(jiu)是電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)壽命(ming)由制(zhi)造(zao)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)所(suo)決定。制(zhi)造(zao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)有(you)金屬材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)和絕(jue)(jue)緣材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)兩大(da)類(lei)。金屬材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)耐高(gao)溫(wen)，而絕(jue)(jue)緣材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)長(chang)期在(zai)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)場和磁場作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)下(xia)(xia)，會逐漸失去原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)力學(xue)性(xing)能和絕(jue)(jue)緣性(xing)能，例如變(bian)(bian)(bian)脆(cui)、機械強度減(jian)弱、穿。這個(ge)漸變(bian)(bian)(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過程就(jiu)是絕(jue)(jue)緣材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)老化。輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是限(xian)制(zhi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)換相(xiang)時(shi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)側的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降；抑制(zhi)諧波(bo)以及并聯變(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)組的(de)(de)(de)(de)解耦；限(xian)制(zhi)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓的(de)(de)(de)(de)跳躍或電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)系統操(cao)作(zuo)時(shi)所(suo)產(chan)生的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)沖擊。當電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)短路容(rong)量與變(bian)(bian)(bian)流(liu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)頻器(qi)(qi)(qi)容(rong)量比大(da)于33:1時(shi)，輸入電(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)(kang)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)對(dui)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓降，對(dui)單(dan)象限(xian)工(gong)作(zuo)為2%，四象限(xian)為4%。

電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器在額定負載下(xia)長期正(zheng)常(chang)運行的(de)(de)(de)時間，就是電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器的(de)(de)(de)使用壽命。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器使用壽命由制(zhi)造(zao)它(ta)的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)所決定。制(zhi)造(zao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器的(de)(de)(de)材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)有金(jin)(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)絕(jue)緣材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)兩(liang)大類。金(jin)(jin)屬材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)耐高(gao)溫，而絕(jue)緣材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)長期在較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)溫度、電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場和(he)磁場作用下(xia)，會(hui)逐漸失去原有的(de)(de)(de)力學性(xing)能和(he)絕(jue)緣性(xing)能，例如變(bian)脆、機械強度減弱、穿。這個(ge)漸變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)過程就是絕(jue)緣材(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)老化。分(fen)(fen)級式 CRT 通 過抽頭(tou) 可 將CRT 電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)分(fen)(fen)成(cheng)(cheng) n 份(fen)(fen)，每一(yi)等(deng)份(fen)(fen)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)由雙(shuang)向晶(jing)閘管和(he)斷路器并聯組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)復合開(kai)關(guan)控制(zhi)投入和(he)切(qie)除，對應控制(zhi)多組(zu)輸(shu)出容(rong)量，實現容(rong)量調(diao)節。 高(gao)低壓繞組(zu)間短路阻(zu)抗(kang)同(tong)樣為(wei) 100%。 L1、L2、L3 為(wei)低壓側電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)，由雙(shuang)向晶(jing)閘管和(he)斷路器控制(zhi)其投退， 分(fen)(fen)別(bie)控制(zhi) 100%級、75%級、50%級的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器容(rong)量。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)抗(kang)器也叫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感器，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)應用十分(fen)(fen)廣泛(fan)，在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)路中(zhong)因為(wei)存在電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)磁感應的(de)(de)(de)效果，所以存在一(yi)定的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)感性(xing)，能夠(gou)起到阻(zu)止電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流變(bian)化的(de)(de)(de)作用。