機(ji)床(chuang)導軌故障形式；單(dan)條導軌在垂直面(mian)(mian)和水平(ping)面(mian)(mian)的直線度(du)超差(cha)，加(jia)工零件(jian)(jian)的圓柱度(du)、平(ping)面(mian)(mian)度(du)、表面(mian)(mian)粗糙度(du)超差(cha)，其他因(yin)素引起的加(jia)工精(jing)度(du)超差(cha)。這(zhe)些誤差(cha)會影響機(ji)床(chuang)的成形運動精(jing)度(du)從而直接影響零件(jian)(jian)的質量。例如(ru):圓柱類(lei)工件(jian)(jian)加(jia)工后(hou)外(wai)徑發生錐度(du)；精(jing)車(che)外(wai)圓時(shi)圓周(zhou)表面(mian)(mian)上(shang)有(you)混亂的波紋(wen)、精(jing)車(che)外(wai)圓時(shi)圓周(zhou)上(shang)有(you)固(gu)定(ding)的長度(du)上(shang)（固(gu)定(ding)位置）有(you)一節波紋(wen)；精(jing)車(che)后(hou)的工件(jian)(jian)端面(mian)(mian)中凸；精(jing)車(che)螺(luo)紋(wen)表面(mian)(mian)有(you)波紋(wen)。

機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)實驗(yan)的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)，磨床(chuang)(chuang)大修公(gong)司，是(shi)通過(guo)預定(ding)的(de)(de)試(shi)驗(yan)方法，磨床(chuang)(chuang)大修，考(kao)核機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)修理質(zhi)量(liang)。盡管機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)在(zai)總裝后以對其裝配精度(du)進行(xing)過(guo)檢驗(yan)，但是(shi)在(zai)靜止狀態（無機(ji)械運(yun)動(dong)和(he)力(li)的(de)(de)作用下）進行(xing)檢查的(de)(de)，因此這不能完全(quan)說(shuo)明機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)修理質(zhi)量(liang)。機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)在(zai)運(yun)動(dong)狀態下各部件之間的(de)(de)可(ke)靠性（溫升(sheng)及噪音），特別是(shi)在(zai)力(li)的(de)(de)作用下，各部件之間的(de)(de)運(yun)動(dong)如(ru)何，以及把力(li)去掉之后是(shi)否保持原有的(de)(de)幾何精度(du)，則必須(xu)通過(guo)機(ji)床(chuang)(chuang)的(de)(de)各種試(shi)驗(yan)才能鑒(jian)定(ding)。

磨床維修導板的快(kuai)速調整方(fang)法

一(yi)、磨(mo)床維(wei)修(xiu)首先調整好刀片到(dao)砂輪(lun)(lun)的距離(li)，然(ran)后(hou)進導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)調到(dao)大(da)概(gai)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)的直徑，把工(gong)件(jian)(jian)放在導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)和砂輪(lun)(lun)中間，然(ran)后(hou)慢慢進導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)使導(dao)輪(lun)(lun)稍微夾持到(dao)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)，然(ran)后(hou)來回推動(dong)，找到(dao)接觸點，接觸點在中間的位置(zhi)，感覺到(dao)工(gong)件(jian)(jian)推進去前面(mian)和后(hou)面(mian)松，中間稍微有(you)點緊就可以了。

二、磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)床(chuang)維修(xiu)下面(mian)需要(yao)調整(zheng)導(dao)(dao)板(ban)了，首先把工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)放(fang)進去，一(yi)般(ban)用長度比(bi)導(dao)(dao)板(ban)稍微長的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)調整(zheng) 的(de)效果(guo)好，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)1/3放(fang)在砂輪和(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)輪中(zhong)間(jian)，磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)床(chuang)大修(xiu)報價，這(zhe)個(ge)時候不(bu)能擠壓到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)進退要(yao)很順(shun)，用一(yi)根木棒或者其他的(de)東西(xi)壓著砂輪面(mian)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)，使工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)和(he)(he)導(dao)(dao)輪的(de)表面(mian)平(ping)(ping)行。另外(wai)就調整(zheng)導(dao)(dao)板(ban)，把導(dao)(dao)板(ban)的(de)調整(zheng)的(de)和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)面(mian)一(yi)樣平(ping)(ping)，注意觀(guan)察導(dao)(dao)板(ban)前后和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)接觸，不(bu)要(yao)有(you)間(jian)隙。尤其是后面(mian)，陜西(xi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)床(chuang)大修(xiu)，如果(guo)有(you)間(jian)隙會造成(cheng)擺(bai)動。說明：一(yi)般(ban)在靠近(jin)砂輪的(de)位置，要(yao)稍微比(bi)外(wai)面(mian)低一(yi)點，一(yi)般(ban)是0.03--0.05mm  左(zuo)右(you)，這(zhe)樣不(bu)會造成(cheng)進去被(bei)砂輪磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)傷(shang)或者撞到導(dao)(dao)輪。