山東環宇地(di)(di)理信息(xi)工程有限公司（國家乙級(ji)測繪資質）。業務范圍(wei)：工程測量(liang)、不動產測繪、儀(yi)器銷售等多項業務合(he)作。誠邀(yao)各地(di)(di)有識之士的(de)合(he)作及加盟。

碎部點的選擇

碎部點  地物、地貌(mao)的特(te)征(zheng)點

碎部測量(liang) 測定(ding)碎部點的平面位置和高程(cheng)并(bing)按測圖比(bi)例尺縮(suo)會在圖紙上的工作。

地(di)物的特征點(dian)(dian)(dian)，指(zhi)決定地(di)物形狀的地(di)物輪廓線(xian)上的轉(zhuan)(zhuan)折點(dian)(dian)(dian)、交叉點(dian)(dian)(dian)、彎(wan)曲點(dian)(dian)(dian)及獨立地(di)物的中心點(dian)(dian)(dian)。如房角點(dian)(dian)(dian)、道(dao)路轉(zhuan)(zhuan)折點(dian)(dian)(dian)、交叉點(dian)(dian)(dian)、河岸(an)線(xian)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)彎(wan)點(dian)(dian)(dian)等。

地貌特(te)征點，方向變化(hua)和坡度變化(hua)的位置。

      山(shan)東環(huan)宇地理信息(xi)工程有限公司（國家(jia)乙級測繪資質）。業務范圍：工程測量、不動產(chan)測繪、儀器銷售等(deng)多項業務合(he)作。誠邀各地有識之士的(de)合(he)作及加盟。

⑸ 管線及附屬設施

電(dian)(dian)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)要(yao)(yao)區(qu)(qu)(qu)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)配電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，桿(gan)(gan)(gan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)（鐵(tie)塔(ta)）均應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)真實(shi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)繪出(chu)。外業(ye)采(cai)點時(shi)，道路測量(liang)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，應(ying)(ying)(ying)加(jia)半徑改正(zheng)電(dian)(dian)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)的(de)(de)測量(liang)點至電(dian)(dian)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)中心(xin)；電(dian)(dian)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)使用同一桿(gan)(gan)(gan)柱時(shi)，只表示(shi)高一級的(de)(de)，測量(liang)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，其(qi)順(shun)序為輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、配電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)正(zheng)規的(de)(de)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)（如木竹(zhu)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)），其(qi)電(dian)(dian)力線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)不(bu)(bu)(bu)表示(shi)；輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)要(yao)(yao)連線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)表示(shi)，其(qi)中35KV及(ji)(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)要(yao)(yao)加(jia)注(zhu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路名(ming)稱和(he)(he)電(dian)(dian)壓(ya)值。配電(dian)(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)連線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，僅在(zai)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)、轉折、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)岔處(chu)繪出(chu)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路方(fang)向。通(tong)(tong)訊(xun)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)在(zai)空(kong)中相交、分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)岔處(chu)應(ying)(ying)(ying)在(zai)圖(tu)上(shang)(shang)表示(shi)出(chu)來，要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意鄰近桿(gan)(gan)(gan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)方(fang)向與對應(ying)(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)交叉(cha)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相接。內(nei)(nei)圖(tu)廓(kuo)處(chu)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)繪無桿(gan)(gan)(gan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路方(fang)向的(de)(de)符號(hao)(hao)，地(di)(di)形測量(liang)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，但要(yao)(yao)注(zhu)意圖(tu)邊有桿(gan)(gan)(gan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)路方(fang)向的(de)(de)正(zheng)確(que)(que)表示(shi)。拉桿(gan)(gan)(gan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一般不(bu)(bu)(bu)表示(shi)。所有變壓(ya)器要(yao)(yao)根據其(qi)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)分(fen)(fen)(fen)(fen)別用雙桿(gan)(gan)(gan)、單(dan)桿(gan)(gan)(gan)或柱墩形式準(zhun)確(que)(que)表示(shi)，有名(ming)稱或編(bian)號(hao)(hao)的(de)(de)室外箱(xiang)式變壓(ya)器要(yao)(yao)調(diao)注(zhu)。不(bu)(bu)(bu)明走(zou)向的(de)(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)管(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)(he)入地(di)(di)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)虛線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)符號(hao)(hao)可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)表示(shi)；管(guan)道按(an)圖(tu)式要(yao)(yao)求表示(shi)。廠(chang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)內(nei)(nei)架空(kong)管(guan)道的(de)(de)柱、墩密(mi)集時(shi)，可(ke)以(yi)取舍，跨越(yue)建(jian)筑(zhu)物或轉折處(chu)的(de)(de)柱、墩準(zhun)確(que)(que)表示(shi)。多根管(guan)道并列時(shi)，只表示(shi)主管(guan)道和(he)(he)性質說(shuo)明，不(bu)(bu)(bu)注(zhu)記管(guan)數(shu)。圍墻(qiang)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)管(guan)道可(ke)省略，廠(chang)區(qu)(qu)(qu)外架空(kong)管(guan)道的(de)(de)支柱墩，不(bu)(bu)(bu)動產測量(liang)單(dan)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，要(yao)(yao)按(an)實(shi)際位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)表示(shi)；校區(qu)(qu)(qu)主要(yao)(yao)道路（路寬(kuan)8m及(ji)(ji)以(yi)上(shang)(shang)）的(de)(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)各(ge)類檢(jian)修井(jing)均要(yao)(yao)表示(shi)。當(dang)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)各(ge)類檢(jian)修井(jing)過于密(mi)集時(shi)，可(ke)按(an)電(dian)(dian)力、電(dian)(dian)信、煤(mei)氣、熱(re)力、工業(ye)、上(shang)(shang)水、下(xia)(xia)水等順(shun)序，依次擇要(yao)(yao)表示(shi)，水泥蓋的(de)(de)和(he)(he)不(bu)(bu)(bu)明用途的(de)(de)檢(jian)修井(jing)及(ji)(ji)污(wu)水篦子可(ke)不(bu)(bu)(bu)表示(shi)。消防栓(shuan)應(ying)(ying)(ying)逐(zhu)個表示(shi)。閥門要(yao)(yao)表示(shi)。電(dian)(dian)話亭以(yi)圖(tu)式4.3.55符號(hao)(hao)表示(shi)，其(qi)定位(wei)(wei)(wei)點為直角的(de)(de)頂點。

      山東環宇地理信息工程有限(xian)公司（國家乙級測繪(hui)資質）。業務范圍：工程測量、不動產(chan)測繪(hui)、儀器銷售等多項業務合(he)(he)作(zuo)。誠邀各地有識(shi)之士的合(he)(he)作(zuo)及加盟。

學校地形圖地形測繪及(ji)表示內容(rong)

⑴ 測量控制點

⑵ 教學樓、宿舍樓和垣柵

⑶ 校辦建（構）筑物及其它設施

⑷ 交通及附屬設施

⑸ 管線及附屬設施

⑹ 水系及附屬設施

⑺ 境界

⑻ 地貌和土質

⑼ 植被

⑽ 注記