電極壓力Fw

電極壓(ya)力Fw應比點(dian)焊(han)時增加20％～50％，具體數(shu)值視材料的高溫塑(su)性而定。

在焊(han)(han)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)較(jiao)(jiao)小時，隨著電(dian)(dian)(dian)極壓力(li)的增大，熔(rong)(rong)核(he)寬度顯著增加、重疊(die)量下降(jiang)，焊(han)(han)縫密封性不好；在焊(han)(han)接(jie)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)較(jiao)(jiao)大時，電(dian)(dian)(dian)極壓力(li)在較(jiao)(jiao)寬廣的范圍內變(bian)化(hua)(hua)，鈹青銅(tong)板(ban)，其熔(rong)(rong)核(he)寬度、焊(han)(han)透率變(bian)化(hua)(hua)較(jiao)(jiao)小；

接電流更(geng)大時，電極壓(ya)力發(fa)生很(hen)大的變化，熔核寬、焊(han)透率均波(bo)動很(hen)小(xiao)；電極壓(ya)力對(dui)焊(han)透率的影響較小(xiao)。

焊接速度v

隨著(zhu)焊(han)(han)接(jie)速度υ的增大，接(jie)頭(tou)強度降低(di)，當所用(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)電流較小時，下降的趨勢(shi)更嚴(yan)重；為提高v而用(yong)高焊(han)(han)接(jie)電流，將很快出現焊(han)(han)件(jian)表面過燒和電極(ji)粘(zhan)損現象。

不知(zhi)道(dao)大(da)家知(zhi)不知(zhi)道(dao)銅材在交通工(gong)業中的應(ying)用呢?那么接下(xia)來(lai)和大(da)家來(lai)聊聊銅材在交通工(gong)業中的應(ying)用吧。

船舶銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)合(he)金，包括鋁青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、錳青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、鋁黃銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、炮銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(錫鋅青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong))，鈹(pi)青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)板工廠，白銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)以及鎳銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)合(he)金(蒙(meng)乃(nai)爾(er)合(he)金)，是造(zao)船的標準材料之(zhi)一(yi)。在(zai)軍(jun)艦(jian)和商船的自(zi)重中銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)合(he)金一(yi)般占2%～3%，如(ru)鋁青(qing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)螺(luo)旋漿、螺(luo)栓、鉚釘(ding)、冷凝管、含銅(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)包覆油漆(qi)等。

汽(qi)車(che)銅(tong)(tong)和(he)銅(tong)(tong)合金主要用(yong)于散(san)熱器(qi)、制動系統管路、液壓裝(zhuang)置、齒輪、軸承(cheng)、剎車(che)摩擦片、配電和(he)電力(li)系統、墊圈以(yi)及各種(zhong)接頭、配件和(he)飾件等，每輛汽(qi)車(che)用(yong)銅(tong)(tong)10～20kg，小轎車(che)用(yong)銅(tong)(tong)約占自重的6%～9%。

鐵路(lu)(lu)列車(che)上(shang)的電機、整(zheng)流(liu)器(qi)以(yi)及(ji)控制、制動、電氣和信號系(xi)統等都要(yao)依靠銅(tong)(tong)(tong)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)合(he)金(jin)(jin)來工(gong)作。此外，鈹青銅(tong)(tong)(tong)板廠家(jia)，鐵路(lu)(lu)的電氣化對銅(tong)(tong)(tong)和銅(tong)(tong)(tong)合(he)金(jin)(jin)的需要(yao)量(liang)很大，每(mei)公里的架(jia)空導(dao)線需用(yong)2t以(yi)上(shang)的異(yi)型(xing)銅(tong)(tong)(tong)線。

飛機飛機中的配線、液壓、冷卻和氣動系統需使用銅材，軸承保持器和起落架軸承采用鋁青銅管材，導航儀表應用抗磁銅合金。

銅作為(wei)電(dian)極(ji)材料(liao)在模具工(gong)(gong)廠的電(dian)火花加(jia)工(gong)(gong)中被(bei)使用(yong)。很多(duo)人認為(wei)只有在制(zhi)作大型電(dian)極(ji)且(qie)模具加(jia)工(gong)(gong)要求不高或粗加(jia)工(gong)(gong)時(shi)，石墨材料(liao)才會成為(wei)備選(xuan)考慮(lv)。

銅(tong)材料的(de)電(dian)(dian)阻(zu)率(lv)較低，鈹青(qing)銅(tong)板供應商，組織結構致密，電(dian)(dian)火花(hua)精加(jia)工(gong)易獲得(de)穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)加(jia)工(gong)狀(zhuang)態，在(zai)較困難(nan)的(de)條(tiao)件下也(ye)能(neng)穩(wen)定(ding)加(jia)工(gong)，表面(mian)粗糙度可小(xiao)于Ra0.1 μm，能(neng)進行鏡面(mian)電(dian)(dian)火花(hua)加(jia)工(gong)。由此(ci)可見，如果放電(dian)(dian)加(jia)工(gong)追求(qiu)極(ji)其精細(xi)的(de)表面(mian)，這是銅(tong)電(dian)(dian)極(ji)較石(shi)墨電(dian)(dian)極(ji)的(de)主(zhu)要優勢。