低(di)壓分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種在(zai)低(di)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)地安(an)裝光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)(she)備的(de)系統，其特點在(zai)于(yu)將(jiang)太陽能(neng)(neng)直接轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站施(shi)工(gong)，并(bing)倡導(dao)就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)并(bing)網、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)轉(zhuan)換(huan)、就(jiu)(jiu)近(jin)使用(yong)(yong)的(de)原則。相(xiang)較(jiao)(jiao)于(yu)集中式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，低(di)壓分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)顯著的(de)優(you)(you)勢(shi)(shi)。首先，其建設(she)(she)周期(qi)短，投資成(cheng)(cheng)本低(di)，且(qie)(qie)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，使得這(zhe)(zhe)種發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)性上(shang)(shang)更具(ju)(ju)競爭(zheng)力(li)。其次，分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)輸(shu)出(chu)功(gong)率(lv)相(xiang)對較(jiao)(jiao)小，通(tong)常(chang)接入低(di)于(yu)35千伏(fu)(fu)(fu)或更低(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等(deng)級(ji)的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網，對發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)影響較(jiao)(jiao)小，同時其經(jing)濟(ji)性也并(bing)未(wei)因此(ci)降(jiang)低(di)。此(ci)外，低(di)壓分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)與用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)并(bing)存，要(yao)求(qiu)盡可(ke)能(neng)(neng)就(jiu)(jiu)地消納，這(zhe)(zhe)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)定(ding)程度上(shang)(shang)緩解了局地用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張(zhang)的(de)問(wen)題。尤其在(zai)白天，當光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站出(chu)力(li)高且(qie)(qie)人們對電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)的(de)需求(qiu)大時，其優(you)(you)勢(shi)(shi)更為(wei)明顯。從技(ji)(ji)術特點來(lai)看，低(di)壓分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站還具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)環(huan)保效(xiao)益突(tu)出(chu)的(de)優(you)(you)勢(shi)(shi)。在(zai)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)過程中，它(ta)不(bu)會產生噪聲，也不(bu)會對空氣和(he)水造成(cheng)(cheng)污染，有(you)(you)助于(yu)實現(xian)綠色、可(ke)持續的(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)。總(zong)的(de)來(lai)說，低(di)壓分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種、經(jing)濟(ji)且(qie)(qie)環(huan)保的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)，具(ju)(ju)有(you)(you)廣闊的(de)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)前景。它(ta)不(bu)僅可(ke)以在(zai)各類(lei)建筑(zhu)物和(he)公共設(she)(she)施(shi)上(shang)(shang)推廣，形成(cheng)(cheng)分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)建筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統，還可(ke)以應(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)農業設(she)(she)施(shi)等(deng)領域(yu)，提高用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保障和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)質(zhi)量。隨(sui)著技(ji)(ji)術的(de)不(bu)斷(duan)進步(bu)(bu)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)本的(de)進一(yi)(yi)(yi)步(bu)(bu)降(jiang)低(di)，低(di)壓分(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)有(you)(you)望在(zai)未(wei)來(lai)的(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)領域(yu)發(fa)揮更加重要(yao)的(de)作用(yong)(yong)。

低(di)(di)壓分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)是指在(zai)低(di)(di)壓配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)地(di)安裝光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備(bei)，將發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能直接提(ti)供(gong)給用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)或注入到配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網中(zhong)。這(zhe)種發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方(fang)式(shi)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)諸多顯著的(de)(de)優(you)勢。首先，低(di)(di)壓分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)環(huan)保效(xiao)(xiao)益。它(ta)不會產生二氧化碳(tan)、硫化物(wu)(wu)等(deng)污染物(wu)(wu)，對環(huan)境沒有(you)(you)(you)損害，有(you)(you)(you)助于減(jian)(jian)少(shao)溫(wen)室氣(qi)體排(pai)放，從而對抗氣(qi)候變化。同時，這(zhe)也是防治霧(wu)霾和實現(xian)節(jie)能減(jian)(jian)排(pai)目(mu)標的(de)(de)有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)手段之一。其(qi)次，低(di)(di)壓分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)周期短、投資成(cheng)本(ben)低(di)(di)，且發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。相較于集中(zhong)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，它(ta)不需(xu)要大(da)規模的(de)(de)土地(di)和復雜的(de)(de)設(she)備(bei)，因(yin)此更適合在(zai)各(ge)類建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)(wu)和公(gong)共設(she)施上推廣，如自有(you)(you)(you)住宅、蔬菜大(da)棚、魚塘等(deng)。這(zhe)些分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統可(ke)以(yi)滿足電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)部分(fen)(fen)(fen)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需(xu)求，尤(you)(you)其(qi)在(zai)農村(cun)等(deng)公(gong)共電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網末梢地(di)區(qu)，可(ke)以(yi)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)保障和電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能質量。此外，低(di)(di)壓分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)還具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)特點。光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)不會產生較高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流，避(bi)免了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線泄(xie)露(lu)等(deng)問題(ti)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)安全性。綜上所(suo)述(shu)，低(di)(di)壓分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)在(zai)環(huan)保、成(cheng)本(ben)、效(xiao)(xiao)率、安全等(deng)方(fang)面都具(ju)有(you)(you)(you)顯著的(de)(de)優(you)勢，尤(you)(you)其(qi)適合在(zai)小型環(huan)保場所(suo)或家(jia)庭中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。通過(guo)推廣和應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)低(di)(di)壓分(fen)(fen)(fen)布(bu)(bu)式(shi)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)，我們(men)可(ke)以(yi)更有(you)(you)(you)效(xiao)(xiao)地(di)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)太陽能資源，降低(di)(di)能源成(cheng)本(ben)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)碳(tan)排(pai)放量，為可(ke)持續發展做出貢(gong)獻。

分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是一種新(xin)型(xing)且(qie)具有(you)(you)廣闊發(fa)展前景(jing)的(de)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)和(he)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)綜(zong)合利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。它主要在(zai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)場地(di)附(fu)近建(jian)設，遵循因地(di)制宜、清潔、分(fen)散(san)布局、就近利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)原(yuan)則，充(chong)分(fen)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)當地(di)太陽(yang)能(neng)資源(yuan)(yuan)，實現自(zi)(zi)發(fa)自(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)、多(duo)余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)量上網，并在(zai)配電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統中進(jin)行平衡調節(jie)。分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)原(yuan)理(li)是利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)組件將太陽(yang)能(neng)轉化為(wei)直(zhi)(zhi)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，再經(jing)(jing)逆變器(qi)轉換為(wei)交(jiao)流電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，終(zhong)接入電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)或(huo)供用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)自(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。光(guang)伏(fu)組件中的(de)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效應(ying)(ying)，將太陽(yang)能(neng)直(zhi)(zhi)接轉化為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)。這種發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)僅減少(shao)了(le)輸(shu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)損失，提高了(le)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網穩定性(xing)(xing)，還(huan)具有(you)(you)顯著的(de)環保(bao)效益，有(you)(you)助于減少(shao)溫(wen)室氣(qi)體(ti)排放，應(ying)(ying)對氣(qi)候變化。此外，分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)還(huan)具有(you)(you)靈活(huo)性(xing)(xing)和(he)可(ke)擴展性(xing)(xing)，可(ke)以根(gen)據用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)需求靈活(huo)部署，規模可(ke)大可(ke)小，容易擴展。在(zai)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)效益方面，用(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)可(ke)以通過(guo)自(zi)(zi)發(fa)自(zi)(zi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)或(huo)余電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)上網獲得經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)收益，尤其在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)價較高或(huo)有(you)(you)補(bu)貼政策的(de)地(di)區。同時，分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)作(zuo)為(wei)傳(chuan)統能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)的(de)補(bu)充(chong)，提高了(le)能(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)供應(ying)(ying)的(de)多(duo)樣性(xing)(xing)和(he)安全性(xing)(xing)。分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)場景(jing)廣泛(fan)，可(ke)以在(zai)城市和(he)農村的(de)建(jian)筑屋頂、公共設施、農業領(ling)域(yu)、工業領(ling)域(yu)以及(ji)居民(min)用(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)領(ling)域(yu)得到應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。隨著技術的(de)不(bu)斷(duan)進(jin)步和(he)成本的(de)降低，分(fen)布式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系統的(de)效率和(he)可(ke)靠性(xing)(xing)也在(zai)不(bu)斷(duan)提高，未(wei)來(lai)有(you)(you)望在(zai)更多(duo)領(ling)域(yu)得到應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)和(he)推廣。