礦井充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)開(kai)(kai)采技(ji)術逐步(bu)成熟。充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)開(kai)(kai)采是隨著回采工(gong)作面 的(de)(de)推進(jin)，向采空(kong)區(qu)充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)矸(gan)石(shi)、粉煤灰、建筑垃圾以及充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)材 料(liao)的(de)(de)煤炭(tan)開(kai)(kai)采技(ji)術。近年來，部(bu)分礦山企業積極探索(suo)并實施了(le)煤 矸(gan)石(shi)等固體材料(liao)充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)、膏體材料(liao)充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)、高(gao)水材料(liao)充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)等多種充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian) 工(gong)藝技(ji)術，集成創新(xin)了(le)較為成熟的(de)(de)充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)開(kai)(kai)采技(ji)術和裝備，甘肅充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)，提高(gao)了(le) 資源回收率(lv)，取得了(le)良好的(de)(de)社會和環境(jing)效益(yi)，具(ju)備了(le)一(yi)定的(de)(de)推廣 應用條件。

1.操作(zuo)人員(yuan)經過操作(zuo)教育，熟悉設備的性能及要求(qiu)后方可上崗操作(zuo)。

2.充填工進行生產作業時，按要求(qiu)穿戴好勞動保護用品（在鋼制作業時佩帶帽），嚴(yan)格識(shi)別機(ji)器設備上(shang)標志。

3.堅守(shou)崗位，嚴(yan)格按(an)照(zhao)工藝要求(qiu)和生產指令進行全尾砂(sha)的進砂(sha)、沉降排水(shui)、造(zao)漿、放(fang)砂(sha)等工作。

4.嚴格(ge)按充(chong)填指令單所規定的灰砂(sha)比進行作業。

5.保持站房、設(she)備(bei)及管道等清潔(jie)衛(wei)生，做到文(wen)明(ming)生產。

6.管道(dao)和(he)閥門等(deng)不(bu)得有漏水、失靈和(he)堵塞現象。

7.填(tian)工作中與井下要保持聯系(xi)，緊密協作。

8.充填過程中中途(tu)因(yin)事故(gu)停機(ji)時，配合井下施工(gong)人員，聽從其指令利用(yong)事故(gu)水沖(chong)洗管道。

為深(shen)入科學發展觀，建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)資源節約型、環境(jing)友好型礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)企(qi)業，首先(xian)應研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)綠色礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)問(wen)題(ti)，而礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)關鍵技術研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)(shi)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)工藝(yi)問(wen)題(ti)，充(chong)填(tian)(tian)站，研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)適宜的(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)工藝(yi)方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)工作(zuo)(zuo)者重要的(de)技術工作(zuo)(zuo)。在分析(xi)了各種礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)工藝(yi)方(fang)法以(yi)后，煤礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)回填(tian)(tian)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)雙臥軸攪拌機，認為充(chong)填(tian)(tian)工藝(yi)是(shi)(shi)實現綠色礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)好工藝(yi)方(fang)法，錳(meng)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)站，尤其是(shi)(shi)露天轉地下開采(cai)(cai)的(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)，優勢(shi)更加(jia)突出，煤矸石破碎粒(li)徑對充(chong)填(tian)(tian)體的(de)影響，鐵(tie)礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)站，因此應大力(li)推廣采(cai)(cai)用(yong)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)工藝(yi)方(fang)法在礦(kuang)(kuang)(kuang)山(shan)(shan)(shan)的(de)應用(yong)。

采空區充填站建設

料漿充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)數量未滿足設(she)(she)計要求時(shi)，應查明原因，必要時(shi)進行多次(ci)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)；如充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)料漿達到(dao)設(she)(she)計要求、但空(kong)(kong)區未充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)滿時(shi)，應繼續充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)，煤礦充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)系統構成要素的(de)工程(cheng)設(she)(she)計，直到(dao)空(kong)(kong)區充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)滿接頂為止。確保(bao)采空(kong)(kong)區充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)率大(da)于％。、膠(jiao)結充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)過(guo)程(cheng)中，要嚴格控制膠(jiao)固粉與尾(wei)砂(sha)的(de)配比不小于：，平均濃度(du)%。每(mei)隔(ge)天或每(mei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)m時(shi)取一組試樣，并進行保(bao)養(yang)，達到(dao)保(bao)養(yang)期后送實(shi)驗室進行測(ce)試，確保(bao)膠(jiao)結充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)體的(de)強度(du)不得(de)低于工作項目(mu)技術(shu)條件計量單位(wei)工作量單位(wei)預算(suan)標準(元(yuan))備注(zhu)甲乙丙一、鉆探(tan)(tan)工程(cheng)、機械巖(yan)芯鉆探(tan)(tan)（～m）（充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)鉆孔）巖(yan)石級別Ⅹ級元(yuan)m、機械巖(yan)芯。