礦山充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)站的(de)設備結(jie)構布(bu)置以充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)工藝(yi)為基礎。充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)的(de)選擇(ze)和儲存、充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)的(de)輸送(song)和計量、充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)的(de)混合和制漿、充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)的(de)輸送(song)和充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)以及相(xiang)關設備的(de)選擇(ze)和使用都是根據充(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)的(de)性質嚴格配置的(de)。

⑴充(chong)填(tian)材料利用(yong)率(lv)充(chong)足，充(chong)填(tian)質量可靠安全。

⑵整套(tao)設(she)備安全系數高(gao)，灌(guan)裝過程穩(wen)定。

⑶整(zheng)個過程簡單明了，控制(zhi)實用，尾礦充(chong)填(tian)技術要求，設備耐磨，使用壽命長。

⑷礦山(shan)充填站(zhan)各項標準符合環保(bao)要求。

充填的優點如下：

     （1）采(cai)切(qie)工(gong)程(cheng)量小，靈活(huo)性大(da)；

     （2）礦石損(sun)失、貧化小；

     （3）能夠比(bi)較(jiao)有效的維護圍巖(yan)，減少圍巖(yan)的移動和防(fang)止(zhi)大量冒落；

     （4）對于薄礦脈或多品種(zhong)礦石可(ke)以進(jin)行選(xuan)別回采；

     （5）可以防(fang)止礦床開采的(de)內因火災。

膏(gao)體(ti)(ti)充填(tian)增(zeng)加(jia)了開采成本。但長遠(yuan)看，經濟(ji)效(xiao)益、安全性、環(huan)保性都很顯著。這種(zhong)新技(ji)(ji)術，可置換出以(yi)前(qian)用舊技(ji)(ji)術不(bu)能(neng)開采出的壓(ya)煤(mei)(mei)，礦(kuang)山充填(tian)系(xi)統工藝(yi)流程設(she)計，資源采出率近100%。膏(gao)體(ti)(ti)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)價(jia)格(ge)不(bu)到高水材(cai)(cai)料(liao)的1/4，廣(guang)西充填(tian)，比(bi)進口裝(zhuang)備可減少2/3的費(fei)用。現在，我(wo)們不(bu)擔心無煤(mei)(mei)可采了，也不(bu)擔心環(huan)境污染和礦(kuang)社關系(xi)了。

在(zai)我國積極開展生態(tai)文(wen)明建設的(de)(de)今天，綠色礦山建設是其中的(de)(de)構成(cheng)部(bu)分。粗放式開采所帶來(lai)的(de)(de)資源采出(chu)率低、安全性差、環境破(po)壞嚴重等問題，有望隨著(zhu)膏體充填技術的(de)(de)成(cheng)功(gong)國產化與應用實(shi)施推廣，獲得接地氣的(de)(de)經濟型解決方式。

料(liao)漿充(chong)(chong)(chong)填數量(liang)未(wei)滿足(zu)設(she)(she)計(ji)要求(qiu)時，應查明原因，必(bi)要時進(jin)行多(duo)次充(chong)(chong)(chong)填；如充(chong)(chong)(chong)填料(liao)漿達到設(she)(she)計(ji)要求(qiu)、但空(kong)區未(wei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填滿時，應繼(ji)續充(chong)(chong)(chong)填，直到空(kong)區充(chong)(chong)(chong)滿接頂為止。確保采空(kong)區充(chong)(chong)(chong)填率大于(yu)(yu)％。、膠結(jie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填過(guo)程(cheng)中，要嚴(yan)格控制膠固粉與尾砂的(de)配比不小于(yu)(yu)：，平均濃度(du)(du)(du)%。每(mei)隔天或每(mei)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填m時取一組試樣，并進(jin)行保養，達到保養期后送實驗(yan)室(shi)進(jin)行測(ce)試，大流量(liang)高濃度(du)(du)(du)連續充(chong)(chong)(chong)填工藝的(de)應用，確保膠結(jie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填體的(de)強度(du)(du)(du)不得(de)低于(yu)(yu)工作項目(mu)技術條(tiao)件(jian)計(ji)量(liang)單位工作量(liang)單位預算標準(元)備注甲乙丙一、鉆探(tan)工程(cheng)、機(ji)械巖芯鉆探(tan)（～m）（充(chong)(chong)(chong)填鉆孔）巖石級別(bie)Ⅹ級元m、機(ji)械

隨著(zhu)資源的(de)消(xiao)耗使(shi)用，越來越多的(de)礦(kuang)(kuang)產開(kai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)轉為向地下深部開(kai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)，地下開(kai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)過后(hou)留下的(de)空區(qu)，是(shi)很大(da)(da)的(de)一個地質(zhi)災(zai)害隱患，利(li)用全尾砂對井(jing)下采(cai)(cai)(cai)空區(qu)進行充填(tian)處理(li)，不(bu)但能有效解決這個問(wen)題，同時為礦(kuang)(kuang)山生(sheng)產的(de)大(da)(da)量尾礦(kuang)(kuang)砂找(zhao)到了一個很好(hao)的(de)場所儲存(cun)。文章較為詳細介紹了全尾砂膠結充填(tian)技術在金(jin)屬(shu)礦(kuang)(kuang)采(cai)(cai)(cai)區(qu)治(zhi)理(li)中的(de)運用，為礦(kuang)(kuang)山采(cai)(cai)(cai)空區(qu)治(zhi)理(li)工作提供技術指導。

尾(wei)砂膠結充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)。要(yao)求空區(qu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)率大于%，尾(wei)砂膠結充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)體(ti)強(qiang)度(du)大于MPa。（）充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)工藝充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)設(she)(she)施(shi)主要(yao)包括地(di)(di)面(mian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)攪拌站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)輸送管路(lu)等設(she)(she)施(shi)。本次設(she)(she)計(ji)建設(she)(she)地(di)(di)面(mian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)攪拌站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)個(ge)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)料漿在地(di)(di)面(mian)攪拌站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)制成合格(ge)的充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)料漿后，通(tong)過(guo)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)管路(lu)輸送至井下空區(qu)。其(qi)工藝流程見圖(tu)。（）進度(du)安排圖(tu)尾(wei)砂膠結充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)工藝流程圖(tu)按每天每個(ge)攪拌站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)量m計(ji)算(suan)，整個(ge)礦(kuang)區(qu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)量為萬m，設(she)(she)計(ji)個(ge)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)攪拌站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)同時充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)，計(ji)算(suan)需(xu)充(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)的時間為天日(ri)（萬m萬md＝d）