在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)制造過(guo)程中(zhong)，由外面(mian)侵(qin)入(ru)的(de)(de)(de)(de)極微(wei)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)分在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)絕(jue)緣層中(zhong)是均勻分布的(de)(de)(de)(de)，合(he)肥電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)，但電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)投入(ru)使(shi)用后在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用下(xia)，受到(dao)(dao)不均勻電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)吸(xi)引，產生(sheng)極化(hua)遷移，高溫電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)廠，逐漸積累(lei)而產生(sheng)局部過(guo)飽(bao)和(he)狀(zhuang)態形成水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)。電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)絕(jue)緣層中(zhong)只要(yao)同時存在(zai)水(shui)(shui)和(he)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)(chang)就會產生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)。水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)是直(zhi)(zhi)徑在(zai)０．１微(wei)米到(dao)(dao)幾微(wei)米充滿水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)空隙集合(he)。水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)和(he)環境(jing)濕度(du)也有(you)(you)關，交聯(lian)聚乙烯電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)在(zai)６５％以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)濕度(du)環境(jing)中(zhong)通電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)就可以產生(sheng)水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)。水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)存在(zai)直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)影響到(dao)(dao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)壽命。為了降低水(shui)(shui)樹(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增長速(su)度(du)，在(zai)地下(xia)水(shui)(shui)位較高及多(duo)雨的(de)(de)(de)(de)地區，線(xian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)單價(jia)，不宜采(cai)取埋地敷設；在(zai)南方(fang)地區黃梅季(ji)節電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)溝內容易結露(lu)，因此要(yao)有(you)(you)通內措(cuo)施；電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)入(ru)口處應有(you)(you)堵水(shui)(shui)措(cuo)施，避免雨水(shui)(shui)流(liu)入(ru)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)纜(lan)(lan)。

如何識別電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)方(fang)法：1。看標(biao)簽(qian)(qian)。正規(gui)(gui)廠(chang)家生產(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)合格證的(de)(de)內(nei)(nei)容(rong)應(ying)包括：3C認(ren)(ren)證標(biao)志、認(ren)(ren)證編號、型(xing)(xing)號規(gui)(gui)格、執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)準、額(e)(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)、電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)長度、生產(chan)(chan)日期(qi)、生產(chan)(chan)者、檢驗者、廠(chang)名、廠(chang)址、固定電(dian)話、防偽標(biao)示(shi)等。而產(chan)(chan)品的(de)(de)標(biao)簽(qian)(qian)往往印(yin)刷不清或印(yin)制內(nei)(nei)容(rong)不全(quan)。2。看表面(mian)。正規(gui)(gui)電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)的(de)(de)塑料外(wai)皮軟(ruan)且平滑，顏色均(jun)勻(yun)。在(zai)其表面(mian)，電(dian)線(xian)(xian)(xian)電(dian)纜(lan)(lan)批(pi)發廠(chang)家，也應(ying)印(yin)有產(chan)(chan)品合格證上的(de)(de)數(shu)項內(nei)(nei)容(rong)，如：3C認(ren)(ren)證標(biao)志、認(ren)(ren)證編號、型(xing)(xing)號、額(e)(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)、執(zhi)行(xing)標(biao)準、廠(chang)名等。

電(dian)(dian)線電(dian)(dian)纜產品的正確存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)和運(yun)輸方(fang)法1、在對(dui)線纜進(jin)行存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)的時候，嚴禁與酸(suan)、堿及礦物油(you)類接觸，要與這(zhe)些有腐蝕性的物質隔(ge)離存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)；2、貯存(cun)(cun)電(dian)(dian)纜的庫(ku)房內(nei)不(bu)得(de)有破(po)壞(huai)絕緣及腐蝕金屬(shu)的有害(hai)氣體存(cun)(cun)在；3、盡可能(neng)避免(mian)在露天(tian)以裸(luo)1露方(fang)式存(cun)(cun)放(fang)(fang)電(dian)(dian)纜，電(dian)(dian)纜盤(pan)不(bu)允許平放(fang)(fang)；4、電(dian)(dian)纜在保管期間，應(ying)定期滾動(夏季3個月一次，其他季節可酌情延(yan)期)。