農(nong)用打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)缺點(dian)主要包括：一是(shi)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)在(zai)生(sheng)產(chan)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)需要添加(jia)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)劑和穩定劑，這(zhe)使得(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)成(cheng)本(ben)較高；二是(shi)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)使用壽命較短，一般(ban)只能(neng)(neng)使用1-2年，需要頻繁更換(huan)，宜昌(chang)大(da)棚打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)，增加(jia)了農(nong)民的(de)(de)(de)經濟負擔；三是(shi)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)率和孔(kong)(kong)(kong)徑大(da)小(xiao)對(dui)農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長影響較大(da)，如果(guo)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)率和孔(kong)(kong)(kong)徑大(da)小(xiao)不合適，可能(neng)(neng)會影響農(nong)作(zuo)物(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)長和產(chan)量；四(si)是(shi)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)的(de)(de)(de)打(da)(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)可能(neng)(neng)會產(chan)生(sheng)微小(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)塑料碎片，這(zhe)些(xie)碎片可能(neng)(neng)被(bei)風吹到農(nong)田(tian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，對(dui)環境造成(cheng)污染。

打孔(kong)地(di)膜的孔(kong)洞(dong)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀通(tong)(tong)常(chang)有圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)、長(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和梅(mei)花形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等。其中，圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孔(kong)洞(dong)的直徑通(tong)(tong)常(chang)在(zai)0.5-1.5厘米(mi)之間，長(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孔(kong)洞(dong)的長(chang)(chang)和寬通(tong)(tong)常(chang)在(zai)1-3厘米(mi)之間，梅(mei)花形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孔(kong)洞(dong)則由(you)多個小孔(kong)組成，形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀類似(si)于梅(mei)花。不(bu)同形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀的孔(kong)洞(dong)設計，可以滿足不(bu)同作(zuo)物(wu)的生(sheng)長(chang)(chang)需求，例如圓形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孔(kong)洞(dong)適(shi)合根系(xi)較淺的作(zuo)物(wu)，長(chang)(chang)方形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孔(kong)洞(dong)適(shi)合根系(xi)較深的作(zuo)物(wu)，大棚打孔(kong)地(di)膜加工定制，梅(mei)花形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)孔(kong)洞(dong)則適(shi)合根系(xi)分布(bu)廣泛的作(zuo)物(wu)。

打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)新(xin)型的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農業覆蓋材(cai)料，與普通(tong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)相比(bi)，具有以下優(you)(you)點：1.提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)土(tu)(tu)壤通(tong)氣(qi)性(xing)：打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)可以增加土(tu)(tu)壤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)通(tong)氣(qi)性(xing)，有利于(yu)土(tu)(tu)壤微(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)土(tu)(tu)壤肥(fei)力(li)。2.促進(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)：打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)可以增加土(tu)(tu)壤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水(shui)分(fen)滲透性(xing)，有利于(yu)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)根系的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產量(liang)和(he)品質。3.減(jian)(jian)少(shao)水(shui)分(fen)蒸發：打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)可以減(jian)(jian)少(shao)水(shui)分(fen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)蒸發，有利于(yu)保持土(tu)(tu)壤的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)濕度，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)灌溉次數，降低(di)農業生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產成本。4.防止(zhi)雜草(cao)(cao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)：打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)可以防止(zhi)雜草(cao)(cao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)，大(da)棚打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)供應(ying)，減(jian)(jian)少(shao)除草(cao)(cao)劑的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)使用，降低(di)環境污染。5.方(fang)便操作(zuo)(zuo)：打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)孔(kong)(kong)洞(dong)(dong)(dong)可以方(fang)便農民進(jin)行覆蓋和(he)揭膜(mo)(mo)操作(zuo)(zuo)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率(lv)。綜上所述，打(da)(da)(da)孔(kong)(kong)地(di)(di)膜(mo)(mo)具有提(ti)高(gao)(gao)(gao)土(tu)(tu)壤通(tong)氣(qi)性(xing)、促進(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)物(wu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)、減(jian)(jian)少(shao)水(shui)分(fen)蒸發、防止(zhi)雜草(cao)(cao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)長(chang)(chang)和(he)方(fang)便操作(zuo)(zuo)等優(you)(you)點，是(shi)一(yi)種(zhong)、環保的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)農業覆蓋材(cai)料。