家庭光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)安裝時(shi)，要(yao)(yao)求屋頂(ding)的(de)周(zhou)圍沒有大面積的(de)遮擋(dang)，上海(hai)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，如果在意裝機屋頂(ding)的(de)東、南、西方向有高大建筑或(huo)者高大樹木，安裝時(shi)需要(yao)(yao)注意，根據當地的(de)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)傾角和太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)一天的(de)運動軌(gui)跡來判(pan)斷是否(fou)可(ke)以裝，或(huo)者避(bi)開陰影(ying)至多可(ke)以裝多少規模。獨立光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也(ye)叫離網光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)。主要(yao)(yao)由(you)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組件、控制器(qi)、蓄電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池組成，若要(yao)(yao)為(wei)(wei)交流負載供電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，還需要(yao)(yao)配置(zhi)交流逆變(bian)器(qi)。太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池是一種由(you)于光(guang)(guang)生(sheng)伏(fu)(fu)應，而(er)將太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)直接轉化為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)的(de)器(qi)件，分(fen)布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，是一個半導體光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極管，當太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)光(guang)(guang)照(zhao)到光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極管上時(shi)，光(guang)(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)二(er)極管就會把(ba)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)的(de)光(guang)(guang)能(neng)變(bian)成電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)，產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流。當許多個電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池串聯(lian)或(huo)并聯(lian)起來，就可(ke)以成為(wei)(wei)有比(bi)較大的(de)輸出功率(lv)的(de)太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)(yang)能(neng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池方陣(zhen)了。

隨著國家(jia)(jia)(jia)新能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)產(chan)業(ye)的發展和(he)(he)(he)太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)的普及，太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)的高產(chan)率和(he)(he)(he)高可(ke)靠性的特(te)點(dian)使得屋頂光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)逐漸得到(dao)用戶(hu)的認可(ke)。大多數農村居民和(he)(he)(he)企業(ye)主都在自(zi)家(jia)(jia)(jia)屋頂安裝了(le)(le)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)。在相關部門加強(qiang)推(tui)廣(guang)應用太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)、制定相關政(zheng)策和(he)(he)(he)積極(ji)扶植，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)部門加快太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)利(li)用的措施下，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)與建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物構件相結合，有效地(di)利(li)用太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)量，滿足建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物對電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等(deng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的需(xu)求，減少國家(jia)(jia)(jia)支柱(zhu)發電(dian)(dian)手段(duan)的負擔，使能(neng)(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)用效率的大化。我國光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)并網發電(dian)(dian)已經非常成熟。2013年(nian)以來，國家(jia)(jia)(jia)出臺(tai)了(le)(le)一系列(lie)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)促進政(zheng)策，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)監控系統(tong)，鼓勵地(di)方(fang)產(chan)業(ye)、家(jia)(jia)(jia)庭和(he)(he)(he)公共(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)建(jian)設光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發電(dian)(dian)設施。

與風力發(fa)(fa)電(dian)、生物質發(fa)(fa)電(dian)、核能(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)等新型發(fa)(fa)電(dian)技術相(xiang)比，太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)資源(yuan)分布廣(guang)泛(fan)、用(yong)(yong)之不(bu)竭、用(yong)(yong)之不(bu)竭，因此得到了廣(guang)泛(fan)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)。如(ru)今，光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)技術正變得越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)成(cheng)熟，到了航天(tian)設(she)備，到了家用(yong)(yong)電(dian)器，各(ge)種'光(guang)(guang)伏+'的(de)新形(xing)式的(de)電(dian)力也隨處可見(jian)。中國太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)發(fa)(fa)站潛力巨大，光(guang)(guang)伏電(dian)站設(she)計，配(pei)合積極(ji)(ji)穩定的(de)政策扶持，到2030年(nian)光(guang)(guang)伏裝機容量將達1億千瓦，年(nian)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)量可達1.3億兆瓦時，相(xiang)當于少建30多個大型煤(mei)電(dian)廠。獨立(li)光(guang)(guang)伏電(dian)站包(bao)括(kuo)邊遠地(di)區的(de)村莊供電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)，太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)戶用(yong)(yong)電(dian)源(yuan)系統(tong)(tong)，通信(xin)信(xin)號電(dian)源(yuan)、陰(yin)極(ji)(ji)保(bao)護、太(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能(neng)(neng)路燈(deng)等各(ge)種帶有蓄(xu)電(dian)池(chi)的(de)可以獨立(li)運行(xing)的(de)光(guang)(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)電(dian)系統(tong)(tong)。