齒輪軸的加工工藝(yi)分析

定位基準的選擇

齒輪軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)順序(xu)，在(zai)很大程(cheng)度(du)上(shang)取決于定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選擇。軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)類零(ling)件(jian)本身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結構特征和(he)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)各主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)要表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)精(jing)(jing)度(du)要求都決定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)了以軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)線為(wei)(wei)(wei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)是(shi)(shi)比較l理(li)想的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。這樣(yang)既保證基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)，又(you)(you)使(shi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與(yu)設(she)計基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)重合。一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)多(duo)以外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，以軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)項尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)為(wei)(wei)(wei)精(jing)(jing)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。具體選擇時還要注意(yi)以下幾點(dian)。(1)當(dang)各加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表面間相(xiang)互位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)精(jing)(jing)度(du)要求較高(gao)時，應(ying)(ying)該在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)次(ci)裝(zhuang)夾(jia)中(zhong)完成各表面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。(2)粗加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)不能(neng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)兩(liang)(liang)端(duan)(duan)(duan)頂(ding)l尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)（如(ru)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)）定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)時，為(wei)(wei)(wei)提(ti)高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)時工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛(gang)度(du)，可只用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)表面定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)或(huo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)表面和(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。在(zai)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)，應(ying)(ying)交替使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)端(duan)(duan)(duan)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，以滿足相(xiang)互位(wei)(wei)(wei)置(zhi)精(jing)(jing)度(du)要求。(3)如(ru)果軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)是(shi)(shi)帶(dai)通(tong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)零(ling)件(jian)，通(tong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)鉆(zhan)出后(hou)(hou)將使(shi)原來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)頂(ding)l尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)消失。為(wei)(wei)(wei)了仍(reng)能(neng)用(yong)(yong)(yong)頂(ding)l尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)均(jun)采用(yong)(yong)(yong)帶(dai)有頂(ding)l尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵或(huo)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)套心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)。當(dang)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)度(du)較大（如(ru)銑(xian)床(chuang)(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)）時，可用(yong)(yong)(yong)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)套心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)；當(dang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)度(du)較小（如(ru)CA6140型機床(chuang)(chuang)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)）時，可采用(yong)(yong)(yong)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵。必(bi)須注意(yi)，使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)套心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)和(he)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵應(ying)(ying)具備(bei)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)度(du)并盡量減(jian)少其安裝(zhuang)次(ci)數(shu)。錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵和(he)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)套心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)既是(shi)(shi)其本身(shen)制造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，又(you)(you)是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，因此必(bi)須保證錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵或(huo)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)套心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)面與(yu)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)有較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)同軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)度(du)。若為(wei)(wei)(wei)中(zhong)小批生產，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)在(zai)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵上(shang)安裝(zhuang)后(hou)(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)般(ban)中(zhong)途不更換(huan)。若外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)和(he)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)需反(fan)復多(duo)次(ci)互為(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)進行(xing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，則在(zai)重裝(zhuang)錐(zhui)(zhui)(zhui)堵或(huo)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)套心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)時必(bi)須按外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)找(zhao)正或(huo)重新修磨中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)。從以上(shang)分(fen)(fen)析(xi)來看(kan)，南(nan)通(tong)齒軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)，齒輪軸(zhou)(zhou)(zhou)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程(cheng)中(zhong)選擇定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)應(ying)(ying)考慮這樣(yang)安排工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過程(cheng)：一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)開始就以外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)鉆(zhan)端(duan)(duan)(duan)面中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)(xin)(xin)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)粗車準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)備(bei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)；而粗車外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則為(wei)(wei)(wei)后(hou)(hou)續加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)備(bei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)：此后(hou)(hou)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)了給半精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、精(jing)(jing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)外(wai)圓(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)備(bei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，又(you)(you)先加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)好(hao)前(qian)、后(hou)(hou)頂(ding)l尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)作定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)；齒輪齒形(xing)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)也采用(yong)(yong)(yong)頂(ding)l尖(jian)(jian)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)作為(wei)(wei)(wei)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)位(wei)(wei)(wei)基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，這非(fei)常好(hao)地(di)體現(xian)了基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)統一(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)原則，也充分(fen)(fen)體現(xian)了基(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)重合原則。

蘇州(zhou)奧本馬(ma)精(jing)密(mi)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)有限公(gong)司于(yu)2013年6月在中國蘇州(zhou)注冊成立，主要從事中小模數傳(chuan)動(dong)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)齒(chi)(chi)輪，渦(wo)輪，蝸桿，傘齒(chi)(chi)輪，螺(luo)旋(xuan)錐齒(chi)(chi)輪，軸(zhou)齒(chi)(chi)輪，齒(chi)(chi)輪箱等，零(ling)部件(jian)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)和研(yan)發，服(fu)務于(yu)汽車制造(zao)行(xing)業，紡(fang)織機(ji)械(xie)(xie)，航(hang)(hang)空航(hang)(hang)天，工業零(ling)件(jian)行(xing)業，電子行(xing)業，家(jia)用電器等領域(yu)。我們有自己的研(yan)發技術和生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力，可以根據客戶要求(qiu)，生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)整套齒(chi)(chi)輪箱，滿(man)足客戶生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)需要，降低生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)成本。

齒輪軸的加(jia)工(gong)工(gong)藝說(shuo)明

加(jia)工(gong)(gong)齒輪軸，一(yi)般的工(gong)(gong)藝過程是：鍛(duan)造，正火，齒軸加(jia)工(gong)(gong)廠，打中(zhong)心空(長度(du)大概300以(yi)上，若是短的話，粗車(che)是可以(yi)兩頭車(che))，粗車(che)，探傷，調(diao)制(zhi)，精車(che)，滾齒，鉗(qian)修，滲(shen)碳(tan)，修中(zhong)心孔(kong)，車(che)碳(tan)層(花(hua)鍵要(yao)求(qiu)硬度(du)低(di)，韌性好)，淬火(齒輪要(yao)求(qiu)硬度(du)高，受沖擊載(zai)荷(he)，壽命(ming)短)，噴砂(sha)，齒軸加(jia)工(gong)(gong)價格，銑花(hua)鍵，鉗(qian)修，研修中(zhong)心孔(kong)，磨圓(yuan)靠斷面，磨齒，鉗(qian)修，檢(jian)驗，探傷。以(yi)上工(gong)(gong)藝路線為如20CrMnTi，20Cr2Ni4，等低(di)碳(tan)鋼材料。

齒輪軸傳統的(de)加工方法

齒輪軸加工(gong)利用(yong)(yong)普通車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)、銑床(chuang)(chuang)等(deng)(deng)，依(yi)靠(kao)技(ji)師進(jin)行手工(gong)操(cao)作，生(sheng)產(chan)率低，耗時長(chang)，精度低。普通車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)是(shi)能對(dui)軸、盤(pan)、環等(deng)(deng)多種類型(xing)工(gong)件進(jin)行多種工(gong)序(xu)加工(gong)的(de)臥式車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)，常用(yong)(yong)于加工(gong)工(gong)件的(de)內(nei)外回(hui)轉(zhuan)表面、端(duan)面和(he)各種內(nei)外螺紋(wen)，采用(yong)(yong)相應(ying)的(de)刀具和(he)附件，還可進(jin)行鉆孔、擴孔、攻絲和(he)滾花(hua)等(deng)(deng)。普通車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)是(shi)車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)中(zhong)應(ying)用(yong)(yong)比較(jiao)廣(guang)泛的(de)一種，約(yue)占車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)類總(zong)數的(de)65%，因其主(zhu)軸以(yi)水平方式放置故稱為臥式車(che)(che)床(chuang)(chuang)。