家庭(ting)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時(shi)，要求屋頂(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)周圍沒有(you)(you)大面積的(de)(de)遮(zhe)擋，如果在(zai)意(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)機(ji)屋頂(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)東、南、西方向有(you)(you)高大建筑或者(zhe)高大樹木，分(fen)布式(shi)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)項目，安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時(shi)需要注意(yi)，太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)，根(gen)據當地的(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)傾角和(he)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)一(yi)天的(de)(de)運動軌跡來判(pan)斷是否可(ke)以(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)，或者(zhe)避(bi)開陰(yin)影至多可(ke)以(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)多少規模。光伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)的(de)(de)太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)組件陣列將太(tai)(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)轉換輸出(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)，經過直流(liu)匯流(liu)箱(xiang)集中送入直流(liu)配電(dian)(dian)柜，由并網(wang)逆變器逆變成交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)供給(gei)建筑自(zi)身負載，多余或不(bu)足的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)通過聯接電(dian)(dian)網(wang)來調(diao)節(jie)。帶有(you)(you)蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)光伏(fu)并網(wang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)常常安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)居民建筑；不(bu)帶蓄電(dian)(dian)池(chi)(chi)的(de)(de)并網(wang)發(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)系(xi)統(tong)不(bu)具備(bei)可(ke)調(diao)度性和(he)備(bei)用電(dian)(dian)源的(de)(de)功能(neng)(neng)，一(yi)般安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在(zai)較(jiao)大型的(de)(de)系(xi)統(tong)上。

并(bing)網(wang)光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)就(jiu)(jiu)是(shi)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能組件(jian)(jian)產生(sheng)的(de)直流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)經過(guo)并(bing)網(wang)逆變(bian)(bian)器轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換成(cheng)符合(he)市電(dian)(dian)(dian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)要求的(de)交流(liu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)之后直接(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)入公共(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)。可以(yi)(yi)分為(wei)(wei)帶蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)和不帶蓄(xu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池的(de)并(bing)網(wang)發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統。光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統是(shi)根據(ju)光(guang)產生(sheng)伏打效應(ying)原(yuan)理將(jiang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能，光(guang)伏發(fa)(fa)(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)廠，無輻射，逆變(bian)(bian)器、配電(dian)(dian)(dian)柜等電(dian)(dian)(dian)子器件(jian)(jian)都通過(guo) EMC（電(dian)(dian)(dian)磁兼容性）測(ce)試，所以(yi)(yi)對人體沒有危害(hai)。太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池是(shi)一(yi)種由于光(guang)生(sheng)伏應(ying)，而將(jiang)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)光(guang)能直接(jie)(jie)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)化為(wei)(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能的(de)器件(jian)(jian)，是(shi)一(yi)個(ge)半(ban)導體光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)二極管，當太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)光(guang)照到光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)二極管上時，光(guang)電(dian)(dian)(dian)二極管就(jiu)(jiu)會(hui)把(ba)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)的(de)光(guang)能變(bian)(bian)成(cheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能，產生(sheng)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)。當許(xu)多個(ge)電(dian)(dian)(dian)池串聯(lian)(lian)或并(bing)聯(lian)(lian)起(qi)來，就(jiu)(jiu)可以(yi)(yi)成(cheng)為(wei)(wei)有比較大的(de)輸出功率的(de)太(tai)(tai)(tai)陽(yang)(yang)能電(dian)(dian)(dian)池方陣了。

在(zai)相關(guan)部(bu)門(men)加強推廣應用太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)、制(zhi)定相關(guan)政策和積極扶植，建筑(zhu)部(bu)門(men)加快太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)利用的(de)措施下，光(guang)伏電(dian)(dian)站與(yu)建筑(zhu)物構件相結合，有效(xiao)地(di)利用太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)量(liang)，光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)，滿足(zu)建筑(zhu)物對(dui)電(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)等(deng)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)需求，減少國家支柱發(fa)電(dian)(dian)手段的(de)負擔，使能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利用效(xiao)率(lv)的(de)大(da)化(hua)。中(zhong)國是光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)安(an)裝量(liang)增長(chang)(chang)快的(de)國家，2011年(nian)的(de)光(guang)伏發(fa)電(dian)(dian)安(an)裝量(liang)比2010年(nian)增長(chang)(chang)了約5倍，2011年(nian)電(dian)(dian)池產量(liang)達到20GW，約占的(de)65%。太(tai)陽(yang)能(neng)(neng)是人類取之(zhi)不盡用之(zhi)不竭的(de)可(ke)再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)，具有充(chong)分的(de)清潔性(xing)、的(de)安(an)全性(xing)、相對(dui)的(de)廣泛性(xing)、確實的(de)長(chang)(chang)壽命和免維護性(xing)、資(zi)源(yuan)的(de)充(chong)足(zu)性(xing)及潛在(zai)的(de)經(jing)濟性(xing)等(deng)優(you)點(dian)，在(zai)長(chang)(chang)期的(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)戰(zhan)略中(zhong)具有重要地(di)位。