1、呈(cheng)堿(jian)(jian)性（因為鈣離(li)子水(shui)解(jie)呈(cheng)堿(jian)(jian)性、氯離(li)子水(shui)街(jie)后易(yi)揮發）

2、導電（溶液中存在可以(yi)自(zi)由移動的(de)離(li)子）

3、冰點比水低（溶液中有溶質）

4、沸點比(bi)水高 （溶液中有溶質）

5、蒸發結晶時要在（鈣(gai)離(li)子水(shui)解）

氯化鈣在干(gan)燥的情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下是(shi)白色固(gu)體(ti)，若在潮濕的情(qing)(qing)況(kuang)下可能(neng)變成晶體(ti)或者成為(wei)半液態(tai)，要是(shi)水很多會成為(wei)溶液。

溶(rong)解：如果是溶(rong)于水使用，液體氯化鈣占有(you)優勢(shi)，因為不(bu)用再溶(rong)解了。也不(bu)用考(kao)慮溶(rong)解均(jun)勻不(bu)均(jun)勻的問(wen)題。

常用的(de)載(zai)冷(leng)劑是水(shui)(shui)，但只能用于(yu)高(gao)于(yu)0℃的(de)條(tiao)件。當要求低于(yu)0℃時(shi)，一般采(cai)用鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)，如氯(lv)化鈉或氯(lv)化鈣鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)液。鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)溶(rong)液是鹽(yan)和水(shui)(shui)的(de)溶(rong)液，它的(de)性質(zhi)取決(jue)于(yu)溶(rong)液中鹽(yan)的(de)濃度。

根據下(xia)(xia)圖所示(shi)的鹽(yan)(yan)水凝(ning)固(gu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)，溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)中鹽(yan)(yan)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)低(di)時(shi)，凝(ning)固(gu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)隨(sui)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)增加(jia)(jia)而(er)降低(di)，當濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)一定值以(yi)后，松原74%球氯(lv)化(hua)鈣(gai)，凝(ning)固(gu)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)隨(sui)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)增加(jia)(jia)反而(er)升(sheng)高(gao)(gao)(gao)，氯(lv)化(hua)鈣(gai)制冷劑水溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)配比，此轉折點(dian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冰(bing)鹽(yan)(yan)合晶(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)。曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)將相圖分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)四區(qu)(qu)，74%球氯(lv)化(hua)鈣(gai)除(chu)濕袋，各區(qu)(qu)鹽(yan)(yan)水的狀(zhuang)態不同(tong)。曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)上部(bu)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)區(qu)(qu)；曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)左部(bu)（虛(xu)線(xian)以(yi)上）為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)冰(bing)—鹽(yan)(yan)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)區(qu)(qu)，就是(shi)說(shuo)當鹽(yan)(yan)水濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)低(di)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合晶(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)低(di)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)該(gai)(gai)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)的析(xi)(xi)鹽(yan)(yan)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)而(er)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合晶(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)時(shi)，氯(lv)化(hua)鈣(gai)制冷劑，74%球氯(lv)化(hua)鈣(gai)干(gan)燥劑，有冰(bing)析(xi)(xi)出(chu)，溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)增加(jia)(jia)，故(gu)左側曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)也(ye)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)析(xi)(xi)冰(bing)線(xian)；曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)右(you)部(bu)（虛(xu)線(xian)以(yi)上）為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)鹽(yan)(yan)—鹽(yan)(yan)水溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)區(qu)(qu)，就是(shi)說(shuo)鹽(yan)(yan)水濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合晶(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)、溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)低(di)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)該(gai)(gai)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)的析(xi)(xi)鹽(yan)(yan)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)而(er)高(gao)(gao)(gao)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合晶(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)時(shi)，有鹽(yan)(yan)析(xi)(xi)出(chu)，溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)濃(nong)(nong)度(du)(du)(du)降低(di)，故(gu)右(you)側曲(qu)(qu)線(xian)也(ye)稱為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)析(xi)(xi)鹽(yan)(yan)線(xian)。低(di)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)合晶(jing)(jing)(jing)點(dian)溫(wen)度(du)(du)(du)（虛(xu)線(xian)以(yi)下(xia)(xia)）部(bu)分(fen)為(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)固(gu)態區(qu)(qu)。

無(wu)水氯化(hua)鈣(gai)跟二(er)水氯化(hua)鈣(gai)在某些方面的異同之處。1.外(wai)觀(guan)不同：無(wu)水氯化(hua)鈣(gai)主要有(you)(you)粉(fen)(fen)狀以及顆粒(li)帶刺的球(qiu)狀兩種，二(er)水氯化(hua)鈣(gai)一般(ban)有(you)(you)片狀、粉(fen)(fen)狀還有(you)(you)外(wai)表光滑大小規則的球(qiu)狀這三種。但是無(wu)論以什么形態(tai)存(cun)在，氯化(hua)鈣(gai)都是白色固體，化(hua)水純凈無(wu)沉(chen)淀雜質。

2.含量不同：無水氯化鈣按照含量可分為Ⅰ型94%以及Ⅱ型90%；二水氯化鈣可分為Ⅰ型77%以及Ⅱ型74%兩種。