采空區充填站建設

在采空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)上方布置鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔，利(li)(li)用(yong)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔驗(yan)證(zheng)并(bing)(bing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)尾砂(sha)膠(jiao)結充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)，煤(mei)礦(kuang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)管道輸送(song)的技術(shu)應用(yong)，然后利(li)(li)用(yong)驗(yan)證(zheng)鉆(zhan)(zhan)孔進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)驗(yan)證(zheng)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)效果并(bing)(bing)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)二次充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)。工作(zuo)部(bu)署具(ju)體(ti)方法根據xx區(qu)(qu)地(di)質(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境現狀，地(di)質(zhi)環(huan)(huan)境治理恢復(fu)總體(ti)方案是：xxxx首行(xing)(xing)對礦(kuang)區(qu)(qu)范(fan)圍內進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)物探測量，大致查清(qing)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)分(fen)布情況，尾礦(kuang)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)站(zhan)生產(chan)，通過鉆(zhan)(zhan)探驗(yan)證(zheng)工程查明空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)深度和空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)分(fen)布范(fan)圍，河北充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)，充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)站(zhan)，建設充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)攪(jiao)拌系統(tong)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)尾砂(sha)膠(jiao)結充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)對采空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)治理。而xx建設充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)攪(jiao)拌系統(tong)進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)尾砂(sha)膠(jiao)結充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)采空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)。采空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)鉆(zhan)(zhan)探工作(zuo)、xxxx根據空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)分(fen)布，為了使(shi)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)料能夠(gou)順利(li)(li)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入(ru)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)并(bing)(bing)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)分(fen)接。

充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)廢水(shui)(shui)先(xian)在(zai)沉(chen)淀池(chi)經過多次沉(chen)淀，排至地面貯(zhu)水(shui)(shui)池(chi)供(gong)(gong)循(xun)環使用。沉(chen)淀池(chi)的(de)(de)污泥需(xu)定期(qi)清理。充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)作業在(zai)回采(cai)工作面推進(jin)到控頂(ding)距時(shi)(shi)開始進(jin)行(xing)(xing)，隨著充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)逐步拆(chai)管，回收(shou)支(zhi)柱。風(feng)力(li)(li)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)以壓(ya)(ya)縮空氣為(wei)動(dong)力(li)(li)，將充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)材料沿充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)管路輸(shu)送到采(cai)空區進(jin)行(xing)(xing)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)，也(ye)稱壓(ya)(ya)氣充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)。與(yu)機(ji)(ji)械充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)相比(bi)，風(feng)力(li)(li)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)體(ti)致密、充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)能(neng)力(li)(li)大、系統(tong)簡單易行(xing)(xing)。風(feng)力(li)(li)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)的(de)(de)主要設(she)備是風(feng)力(li)(li)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)機(ji)(ji)，分固(gu)(gu)定式(shi)、半固(gu)(gu)定式(shi)和移動(dong)式(shi)三種。目前，國外(wai)還有在(zai)風(feng)力(li)(li)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)機(ji)(ji)上(shang)裝(zhuang)配破碎機(ji)(ji)和壓(ya)(ya)氣機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)，整套(tao)設(she)備裝(zhuang)在(zai)平板車或平臺上(shang)。在(zai)采(cai)用前進(jin)式(shi)回采(cai)時(shi)(shi)，可將掘進(jin)的(de)(de)矸(gan)石(shi)直接(jie)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)到巷道旁。風(feng)力(li)(li)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)除充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)機(ji)(ji)外(wai)，還要有空氣壓(ya)(ya)縮機(ji)(ji)、充(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)管和供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)管、灑(sa)水(shui)(shui)等(deng)設(she)備。

由(you)于風力(li)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)系(xi)統簡單，能直接用(yong)(yong)井下(xia)矸石破碎后進(jin)行充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)，在(zai)適宜的條件下(xia)可以采(cai)用(yong)(yong)。機械充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)大(da)多用(yong)(yong)于非煤(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)山。由(you)地(di)表或地(di)下(xia)采(cai)集的干式充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料，用(yong)(yong)礦(kuang)(kuang)車、帶式輸送機等運(yun)至礦(kuang)(kuang)塊充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)天井溜(liu)入采(cai)場，然后用(yong)(yong)電耙或自(zi)行車輛分布充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)料。這種充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)工藝沉縮率(lv)大(da)，生產(chan)效率(lv)低(di)，應用(yong)(yong)日益減少。膠(jiao)結(jie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)膠(jiao)結(jie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)技術在(zai)煤(mei)礦(kuang)(kuang)中的應用(yong)(yong)也逐漸增多，膠(jiao)結(jie)材料主(zhu)要(yao)為水泥和粉煤(mei)灰。膠(jiao)結(jie)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)體強度大(da)，矸石回(hui)填(tian)(tian)(tian)充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)關鍵技術，穩固性好，能更好 地(di)支撐圍巖，煤(mei)矸石充(chong)(chong)(chong)(chong)填(tian)(tian)(tian)系(xi)統構成要(yao)素，保(bao)證安全回(hui)礦(kuang)(kuang)柱，防(fang)止巖層垮落和移(yi)動(dong)；改善不穩固和復(fu)雜礦(kuang)(kuang)體的開采(cai)條件，顯著降低(di)礦(kuang)(kuang)石損失率(lv)和貧化率(lv)（可降到5%以下(xia)）；但水泥用(yong)(yong)量大(da)，成本(ben)高。常用(yong)(yong)的膠(jiao)結(jie)物是水泥。