充(chong)填站在攪拌系(xi)統(tong)工(gong)作之前(qian)，充(chong)填輸(shu)(shu)送(song)泵，原(yuan)(yuan)料中(zhong)的水直接(jie)取自地下(xia)水，煤礦充(chong)填站，粉(fen)(fen)煤灰(hui)和膠結(jie)料是事先(xian)通(tong)過(guo)粉(fen)(fen)料倉下(xia)的吹灰(hui)管輸(shu)(shu)送(song)到各(ge)自的粉(fen)(fen)料倉中(zhong)，遼寧(ning)充(chong)填，矸石(shi)則(ze)需要(yao)先(xian)通(tong)過(guo)破碎(sui)系(xi)統(tong)的對原(yuan)(yuan)料矸石(shi)進行加工(gong)，加工(gong)成(cheng)的成(cheng)品矸石(shi)通(tong)過(guo)輸(shu)(shu)送(song)機(ji)存放在配(pei)料倉中(zhong)。

充填站的工作的方法

1、膏體充填：攪拌好濃度達到76-82%進行(xing)管道輸(shu)送。

2、水砂(sha)充(chong)填：借助(zhu)于水力通(tong)過自(zi)流式(shi)泵(beng)壓(ya)的方法將河沙、尾砂(sha)充(chong)入采空區。

3、 干(gan)式充填(tian)：一(yi)種用礦車、風力(li)和(he)機械將廢(fei)石干(gan)充填(tian)料送到采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區(qu)，在采(cai)(cai)空(kong)區(qu)加水(shui)進行充填(tian)。

充填站是針對煤礦、鐵礦等(deng)各類(lei)礦井開采(cai)，造成嚴(yan)重地表(biao)沉陷、土地利(li)用(yong)價值(zhi)降低的問題設計(ji)發明的。使用(yong)結果證明，這確實是治(zhi)理(li)過度開采(cai)造成的土地問題的一種有效方式。

礦山充(chong)填(tian)(tian)站的(de)(de)(de)設備(bei)(bei)結構布置以充(chong)填(tian)(tian)工(gong)藝為基礎(chu)。充(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)和(he)儲存、充(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)輸送(song)和(he)計(ji)量、充(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)混合和(he)制漿、充(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)輸送(song)和(he)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)以及(ji)相(xiang)關設備(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)(de)選擇(ze)和(he)使用(yong)都是根據(ju)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)材料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)性質嚴格配置的(de)(de)(de)。

⑴充(chong)填(tian)材(cai)料利(li)用率充(chong)足，充(chong)填(tian)質量(liang)可靠安全。

⑵整(zheng)套設備安全系(xi)數高，灌裝過程穩定。

⑶整個過(guo)程簡單明了，控(kong)制(zhi)實用，設備耐磨，全尾砂高濃度膠結充填，使(shi)用壽命長。

⑷礦山充填站各(ge)項標準符合環保(bao)要求。

充填的優點如下：

（1）采(cai)切工程量小，尾礦(kuang)充填技術要求(qiu)，靈活(huo)性大；

（2）礦石(shi)損失、貧化小；

（3）能夠比較有效的(de)(de)維護(hu)圍(wei)巖(yan)，減少圍(wei)巖(yan)的(de)(de)移動和防止大量冒落；

（4）對于(yu)薄礦脈或多品種礦石可以進行選別回(hui)采(cai)；

（5）可以(yi)防止礦床開采的內(nei)因火災。

封(feng)(feng)閉(bi)處(chu)理采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)編(bian)輯(ji)隨著(zhu)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)面積不(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)，巖(yan)體應力的(de)集(ji)中(zhong)，有(you)一個從量變逐(zhu)漸(jian)發展到質變的(de)過(guo)程。當集(ji)中(zhong)應力尚未達(da)到極限值(zhi)時(shi)，礦石(shi)與圍巖(yan)處(chu)于相對穩定(ding)狀態。如(ru)果在(zai)(zai)此之前結(jie)束整個礦體的(de)回采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)工(gong)作，而采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)即使冒落也不(bu)會帶來災難，可將采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)封(feng)(feng)閉(bi)，任其(qi)存在(zai)(zai)或冒落。這是(shi)一種經濟(ji)又簡便的(de)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)處(chu)理方(fang)法，但其(qi)使用(yong)條件比較嚴格，可用(yong)于下列(lie)兩種情況：(1)礦石(shi)與圍巖(yan)極穩固，礦體厚度(du)與延伸不(bu)大(da)，埋(mai)藏(zang)不(bu)深(shen)，地(di)表允許(xu)崩(beng)落；(2)埋(mai)藏(zang)較深(shen)的(de)分(fen)散(san)孤立的(de)盲采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)，離(li)主要(yao)礦體或主要(yao)生(sheng)(sheng)產區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)較遠，大(da)流(liu)量高(gao)濃度(du)連續充(chong)填(tian)(tian)工(gong)藝的(de)應用(yong)，采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)上(shang)部(bu)無(wu)作業區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)。在(zai)(zai)封(feng)(feng)堵采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)時(shi)，要(yao)在(zai)(zai)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)附近通(tong)(tong)往生(sheng)(sheng)產區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)巷道中(zhong)，構筑(zhu)一定(ding)厚度(du)的(de)隔墻，使采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)中(zhong)圍巖(yan)崩(beng)落所(suo)產生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)沖擊氣浪不(bu)至造成(cheng)危害(hai)。因此，構造充(chong)分(fen)的(de)緩沖層厚度(du)或通(tong)(tong)往采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)通(tong)(tong)道封(feng)(feng)堵長度(du)是(shi)采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)用(yong)封(feng)(feng)閉(bi)法處(chu)理采(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)區(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)(qu)的(de)關鍵。還是(shi)尾沙膠結(jie)充(chong)填(tian)(tian)站充(chong)填(tian)(tian)處(chu)理好。