擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，環保(bao)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，夯(hang)擴擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，沉管擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，強(qiang)夯(hang)地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，碎(sui)石(shi)擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，鐵路(lu)灰土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)費(fei)用多(duo)少，擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，我(wo)公(gong)司主營(ying)：擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)密(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程

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冬季施工(gong)不能(neng)忽視的關鍵點(dian)

冬季(ji)天氣寒冷，施工(gong)困難，同時又臨近(jin)年底和(he)春節(jie)，一(yi)些施工(gong)企(qi)業經常會忘(wang)掉(diao)安全(quan)而一(yi)味地搶進(jin)度求(qiu)效(xiao)益，這(zhe)是安全(quan)事故多發(fa)癥結所在(zai)。冬季(ji)施工(gong)要(yao)注意以下九個方(fang)面的問題：

1、強化工期管控

為(wei)確保工(gong)(gong)期，一些(xie)施工(gong)(gong)單位往往出現不(bu)具備施工(gong)(gong)條件(jian)就(jiu)開工(gong)(gong)的問題(ti)，從而導致施工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中(zhong)的蠻(man)干(gan)、濫干(gan)。一些(xie)施工(gong)(gong)單位，高平灰土樁施工(gong)(gong)，為(wei)了搶(qiang)進度不(bu)注重安(an)全管理，在安(an)全設(she)施不(bu)齊備的情(qing)況下進行(xing)施工(gong)(gong)，存在僥幸心理。

結果事故(gu)發生后，員工受到(dao)傷害(hai)，機械(xie)設備遭(zao)到(dao)破(po)壞，工地(di)整頓，非但(dan)進(jin)度上不去(qu)，反而會耽誤了工期。

進度(du)(du)依(yi)賴于安(an)全(quan)，安(an)全(quan)推動著(zhu)進度(du)(du)，進度(du)(du)服從(cong)于安(an)全(quan)，安(an)全(quan)反過來(lai)保證進度(du)(du)。

2、強化現場防凍防滑(hua)管理

遇到雨雪(xue)(xue)天氣，要及時清除施(shi)工現(xian)場的(de)積水積雪(xue)(xue)。加強從業(ye)人員冬季施(shi)工的(de)御寒(han)防護，作(zuo)業(ye)人員必須采取有(you)效的(de)防滑(hua)措施(shi)，嚴禁雨雪(xue)(xue)和大風天氣組織室外施(shi)工作(zuo)業(ye)。

對施(shi)工(gong)現場(chang)腳(jiao)手架、安全網等防護設(she)施(shi)要定期(qi)檢查。腳(jiao)手架、腳(jiao)手板有冰雪(xue)積留時，施(shi)工(gong)前應清(qing)除(chu)干凈，尤其是(shi)連墻件和竹笆層的檢查，松動的扣件要及時擰緊(jin)，破損的竹笆應立即更換(huan)。腳(jiao)手架拆除(chu)要嚴格按照(zhao)規定程序(xu)，不得隨(sui)意(yi)拆除(chu)。

擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，環(huan)保擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，夯擴擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，沉管擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，強夯地(di)(di)基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，碎(sui)石擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密螺(luo)紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)地(di)(di)基施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，灰土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，我公(gong)司主營：擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)(ji)密樁(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)

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樁基定義

由設置于(yu)巖土(tu)中的(de)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)和與樁(zhuang)(zhuang)頂聯結的(de)承臺共同(tong)組成的(de)基礎(chu)(chu)或(huo)由柱(zhu)與樁(zhuang)(zhuang)直接聯結的(de)單樁(zhuang)(zhuang)基礎(chu)(chu)。

注：很多(duo)人(ren)認(ren)為樁(zhuang)基(ji)就是指n根樁(zhuang)的共(gong)同體（忽略(lve)承臺），這種理解(jie)，明顯(xian)是錯誤的。

二、“慣用(yong)”的樁基驗(yan)收時(shi)間

由上述錯誤認知導致的慣用樁基(ji)驗收(shou)時間(jian)：樁施工(gong)完(wan)成、樁基(ji)承載力和(he)樁身完(wan)整性(xing)檢驗合(he)格。

三、樁基劃分

依據(ju)《建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)施工質(zhi)量(liang)驗(yan)收統一標(biao)準》GB50300-2013，樁(zhuang)基屬于基礎子分部(bu)中的分項工程(cheng)。分為(wei)：鋼筋混凝土預制樁(zhuang)、泥漿護壁成孔(kong)灌注樁(zhuang)、長螺(luo)旋鉆孔(kong)灌注樁(zhuang)、沉管灌注樁(zhuang)、干作業成孔(kong)灌注樁(zhuang)、鋼樁(zhuang)、錨(mao)桿靜壓樁(zhuang)。

擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)基施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，灰(hui)(hui)土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，環保擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，水泥土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，素土(tu)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，夯(hang)擴擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，沉(chen)管(guan)擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，強夯(hang)地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，碎石擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)螺紋樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，鉆孔灌注樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，軟土(tu)地基施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，樓房(fang)灰(hui)(hui)土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)方案，灰(hui)(hui)土(tu)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，我公(gong)司主營：擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)，擠(ji)(ji)密(mi)(mi)(mi)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)工(gong)(gong)程

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強(qiang)(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)法處理。強(qiang)(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)法是(shi)利用重錘自由落下的巨大(da)沖力(li)能(neng)所產沖擊(ji)波反復夯(hang)(hang)擊(ji)地(di)基(ji)(ji)土(tu)，將夯(hang)(hang)面(mian)以下一定深度地(di)土(tu)層夯(hang)(hang)實，以提高地(di)基(ji)(ji)的承載力(li)和土(tu)體的穩定性(xing)，降低壓縮(suo)性(xing)。由于夯(hang)(hang)擊(ji)能(neng)力(li)大(da)，加固深度也大(da)。對于一般(ban)的軟(ruan)土(tu)地(di)基(ji)(ji)加固有著良好的效果。現(xian)在常用的強(qiang)(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)技術加固軟(ruan)土(tu)地(di)基(ji)(ji)的方法有:擠密碎石樁加夯(hang)(hang)法、砂樁加夯(hang)(hang)法、真空/堆載預壓加強(qiang)(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)、強(qiang)(qiang)夯(hang)(hang)碎石墩。

粉(fen)(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)應(ying)用法。粉(fen)(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)具有(you)容量小，滲透性好(hao)，有(you)較(jiao)高的靜力抗剪強度，較(jiao)低的壓縮性，與(yu)石(shi)灰(hui)等堿性物質產生(sheng)水化(hua)反應(ying)后產生(sheng)凝硬性。根據軟土地(di)基存在的弱點，利用粉(fen)(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)可處理(li)軟土地(di)基。粉(fen)(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)應(ying)用的主要有(you)二灰(hui)樁(zhuang)(zhuang)，粉(fen)(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)混凝土樁(zhuang)(zhuang)，鐵路(lu)灰(hui)土樁(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)工聯系方(fang)式(shi)，粉(fen)(fen)煤(mei)灰(hui)固結樁(zhuang)(zhuang)等，與(yu)土體形成復合地(di)基加(jia)固深(shen)層軟土地(di)基。

二灰樁(zhuang)法。(1)以(yi)粉(fen)煤灰為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)二灰樁(zhuang)，主(zhu)(zhu)要是對(dui)軟土(tu)(tu)地基(ji)(ji)產生(sheng)擠密和置(zhi)(zhi)換作(zuo)用。用于軟土(tu)(tu)地基(ji)(ji)加固時，使復合(he)地基(ji)(ji)承載(zai)(zai)(zai)力較天然地基(ji)(ji)承載(zai)(zai)(zai)力提(ti)高(gao)了142%，樁(zhuang)間土(tu)(tu)承載(zai)(zai)(zai)力提(ti)高(gao)了46%。(2)以(yi)石(shi)(shi)灰為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)的(de)石(shi)(shi)灰—粉(fen)煤灰樁(zhuang)，配(pei)比為(wei)粉(fen)煤灰:生(sheng)石(shi)(shi)灰=3:7-1:9，主(zhu)(zhu)要對(dui)地基(ji)(ji)產生(sheng)置(zhi)(zhi)換，成孔擠密，膨脹擠密，脫水擠密和膠凝作(zuo)用。