建設工程鋼結構(gou)制作和安裝(zhuang)工程中(zhong)，用到(dao)的(de)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)通(tong)常有兩(liang)種，一種是高(gao)強螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)，還(huan)有一種是普通(tong)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)，當使(shi)(shi)用普通(tong)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)時(shi)，擰(ning)緊后的(de)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)外露螺(luo)(luo)紋不(bu)能少于(yu)兩(liang)個，當使(shi)(shi)用高(gao)強螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)時(shi)，要在(zai)(zai)使(shi)(shi)用前(qian)對(dui)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)的(de)復試單和合格證進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢查，安裝(zhuang)過(guo)程中(zhong)不(bu)得(de)出現(xian)敲打(da)和擴孔(kong)行(xing)為(wei)，在(zai)(zai)擰(ning)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)時(shi)要朝(chao)著一個方向擰(ning)，并(bing)對(dui)完工后對(dui)這(zhe)些螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)的(de)安裝(zhuang)情況進(jin)(jin)行(xing)逐個檢查，確保其安裝(zhuang)適(shi)量(liang)(liang)良好(hao)。0結構(gou)安裝(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工所采用的(de)鋼材(cai)(cai)，應當按照國家相關(guan)標(biao)準規范(fan)，選用屈服強度達(da)到(dao)標(biao)準，鋼結構(gou)安裝(zhuang)公(gong)司，可(ke)焊性和成型性較好(hao)的(de)低合金高(gao)強度鋼材(cai)(cai)。對(dui)于(yu)鋼材(cai)(cai)內(nei)部夾(jia)層(ceng)數量(liang)(liang)問題，一旦超過(guo)標(biao)準要求，應當積極(ji)聯系鋼廠核實并(bing)調換或(huo)退(tui)貨。當夾(jia)層(ceng)數量(liang)(liang)較少時(shi)，可(ke)征求技(ji)術部門以及業主(zhu)的(de)意見，并(bing)采取措施(shi)(shi)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)補救，比如(ru)通(tong)過(guo)無損檢測(ce)尋找有問題的(de)部位，用氣刨(bao)刨(bao)開用等強度焊接材(cai)(cai)料填充，在(zai)(zai)經過(guo)處理后，還(huan)需要進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檢驗，只有達(da)到(dao)設計規范(fan)要求才能繼續使(shi)(shi)用。對(dui)于(yu)一些不(bu)達(da)標(biao)的(de)零部件(jian)，在(zai)(zai)用于(yu)非承重中(zhong)非重要部位時(shi)，應當在(zai)(zai)安裝(zhuang)完成后進(jin)(jin)行(xing)DNT檢測(ce)。

高(gao)(gao)空原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)位單元安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)法：是(shi)(shi)由(you)“高(gao)(gao)空原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)位散(san)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)法”演變而來。所謂“散(san)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)法”一般是(shi)(shi)指將構(gou)(gou)(桿)件(jian)直(zhi)接(jie)在(zai)設(she)(she)計位置(zhi)(zhi)進行安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一種方法。采用(yong)(yong)(yong)該法安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)時(shi)，需(xu)搭設(she)(she)滿堂支承(cheng)(cheng)，以提供構(gou)(gou)件(jian)高(gao)(gao)空擱置(zhi)(zhi)及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)操作(zuo)平臺。由(you)于單件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)較輕，此(ci)法可有(you)效降低起重(zhong)(zhong)設(she)(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)起重(zhong)(zhong)要求。原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)則上，“散(san)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)法”可用(yong)(yong)(yong)于任(ren)意大(da)跨(kua)度鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，但(dan)大(da)規模的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)支承(cheng)(cheng)體系需(xu)用(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)量(liang)支承(cheng)(cheng)材(cai)料，且支承(cheng)(cheng)搭設(she)(she)時(shi)間長，高(gao)(gao)空作(zuo)業多，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)跨(kua)度大(da)，占用(yong)(yong)(yong)大(da)量(liang)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)物(wu)內場地。因(yin)此(ci)“散(san)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)法”多應用(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)跨(kua)度不(bu)大(da)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)要求不(bu)緊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)網(wang)架、網(wang)殼等空間結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)。0安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)、舒適、健康是(shi)(shi)當(dang)前人(ren)們(men)對建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)普遍追求，鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)自重(zhong)(zhong)輕、強(qiang)度高(gao)(gao)、抗震性能好(hao)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)速度快且節能環保，深(shen)受(shou)人(ren)們(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)喜(xi)愛，尤其(qi)是(shi)(shi)其(qi)經濟、安(an)(an)(an)全(quan)、節能、耐久的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優點(dian)，更使得鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)被大(da)量(liang)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業廠房建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)(zhong)，在(zai)我國經濟建(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和國民(min)生活中(zhong)(zhong)起著極為(wei)生果的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。作(zuo)為(wei)鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要受(shou)力部(bu)件(jian)，鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)直(zhi)接(jie)影響著整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)進度和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)，因(yin)此(ci)加強(qiang)鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)著極為(wei)重(zhong)(zhong)要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)。造成鋼(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)問題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)因(yin)素相當(dang)復雜，有(you)安(an)(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝不(bu)當(dang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，也有(you)違反(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝操作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，有(you)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員技術水平原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)，也有(you)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員責任(ren)心不(bu)足的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)因(yin)。

鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)架(jia)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)時期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)應(ying)主要搞(gao)好(hao)以下(xia)幾種階(jie)段：安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)策略的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)理(li)(li)化和實施(shi)(shi)情況、安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)測(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)度(du)螺栓連接(jie)(jie)、安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)電焊(han)(han)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)、安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)尺寸誤差(cha)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)評(ping)測(ce)、涂(tu)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)等。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)要高(gao)(gao)(gao)度(du)重視當場(chang)巡視檢查、平行檢驗(yan)和旁(pang)站監督，尤其(qi)(qi)是在現(xian)階(jie)段一(yi)部分鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)企(qi)業(ye)素養稍低(di)，作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)業(ye)仍欠標準的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情形下(xia)，進一(yi)步加(jia)(jia)(jia)強(qiang)當場(chang)巡查和旁(pang)站監理(li)(li)，針(zhen)對保證鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，更具(ju)實際意(yi)義(yi)。嚴苛核查施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位遞交的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)及(ji)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組織(zhi)方(fang)(fang)案工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)(fang)案是施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位編制(zhi)具(ju)體指(zhi)導工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)各(ge)項(xiang)活動(dong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要綜合(he)性(xing)技(ji)術文件(jian)，用心核查施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組織(zhi)方(fang)(fang)案是工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)監理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)事前控制(zhi)和主動(dong)控制(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要環節。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)針(zhen)對制(zhi)造環節和安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)階(jie)段各(ge)自編寫(xie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組織(zhi)方(fang)(fang)案，當中加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)具(ju)體內容一(yi)般包括制(zhi)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)環節各(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)、各(ge)分項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)規范、技(ji)術標準，及(ji)其(qi)(qi)為確保商品質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)而制(zhi)定的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)類具(ju)體辦法，如重要零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)，結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)構(gou)(gou)造的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產流(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)、加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)對策，所(suo)使(shi)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產設備(bei)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)備(bei)等。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)建筑所(suo)采(cai)(cai)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)通常為低(di)合(he)金(jin)高(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)度(du)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)，低(di)合(he)金(jin)高(gao)(gao)(gao)強(qiang)度(du)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)具(ju)有良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可(ke)焊(han)(han)性(xing)和成(cheng)型性(xing)，其(qi)(qi)屈(qu)服強(qiang)度(du)較高(gao)(gao)(gao)，是未經得(de)新(xin)熱(re)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、熱(re)處理(li)(li)和切削加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)種。但由(you)于采(cai)(cai)購管理(li)(li)、儲(chu)存管理(li)(li)、運輸管理(li)(li)等多方(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題，極容易(yi)使(shi)應(ying)用于鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)出現(xian)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)問題，不附合(he)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)要求(qiu)，被安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)應(ying)用后產生安(an)(an)全(quan)隱患，影響(xiang)整個鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)結(jie)(jie)(jie)(jie)構(gou)(gou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)。