現在比較常用頂(ding)管施(shi)工(gong)為泥水平衡頂(ding)管施(shi)工(gong)法，非開(kai)(kai)挖施(shi)工(gong)公司，其施(shi)工(gong)原理：通過導向頭的刀削(xue)轉動(dong)功(gong)能(neng)將泥土、砂、石破(po)碎，由(you)一條鋼(gang)管注(zhu)入水量，拌成漿液(ye)，由(you)另一條鋼(gang)管吸出漿液(ye)。這種技術的優點(dian)是：不(bu)(bu)開(kai)(kai)挖地(di)(di)面(mian)；不(bu)(bu)拆，不(bu)(bu)破(po)壞(huai)地(di)(di)面(mian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)；不(bu)(bu)破(po)壞(huai)環境；不(bu)(bu)影響管道的段差變形；省時、、安(an)全，綜合(he)造價低。頂(ding)管施(shi)工(gong)是繼盾構施(shi)工(gong)之后發展起來(lai)的一種地(di)(di)下(xia)管道施(shi)工(gong)方法，它不(bu)(bu)需要開(kai)(kai)挖面(mian)層，并(bing)且能(neng)夠穿(chuan)越(yue)公路、鐵(tie)道、河川(chuan)、地(di)(di)面(mian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)物(wu)、地(di)(di)下(xia)構筑(zhu)物(wu)以及各種地(di)(di)下(xia)管線等(deng)，在給排水、煤氣、電力、通信等(deng)管道的施(shi)工(gong)中應用越(yue)來(lai)越(yue)廣泛。

通(tong)過主(zhu)頂(ding)千(qian)斤頂(ding)或(huo)中繼(ji)間的(de)頂(ding)推機械的(de)頂(ding)進(jin)，推動管節從(cong)工(gong)(gong)作井(jing)預留口穿出，穿越(yue)土(tu)層到達接收(shou)井(jing)的(de)預留口邊(bian)，然后通(tong)過接收(shou)井(jing)的(de)預留口穿出，形成(cheng)管道的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)。土(tu)壓平(ping)衡式矩形頂(ding)管頂(ding)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)法(fa)(fa)是(shi)利(li)用土(tu)壓平(ping)衡矩形頂(ding)管機完(wan)成(cheng)矩形斷(duan)面的(de)隧道施(shi)工(gong)(gong)，其結構斷(duan)面的(de)合(he)理性可減(jian)少(shao)土(tu)地(di)(di)征用量(liang)和掘進(jin)面積，降低工(gong)(gong)程造價(jia)。可用于建(jian)造地(di)(di)鐵車站、地(di)(di)鐵及水(shui)底隧道旁(pang)通(tong)道等。頂(ding)管施(shi)工(gong)(gong)前應對管道通(tong)過地(di)(di)帶的(de)地(di)(di)質(zhi)情況認真調查，設置測力裝(zhuang)置，指導糾(jiu)偏(pian)。糾(jiu)偏(pian)應按(an)照勤測量(liang)、勤糾(jiu)偏(pian)、小(xiao)量(liang)糾(jiu)的(de)操作方法(fa)(fa)進(jin)行。

要(yao)(yao)想保證非開挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)質量，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)應做(zuo)好充足(zu)的(de)準備工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)應對施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)場所進行(xing)嚴(yan)格的(de)現(xian)場勘查，包括(kuo)地下土(tu)層、管(guan)線(xian)和地上的(de)河流、橋梁、建筑物、綠(lv)化環(huan)境(jing)等。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)地質和水文地質條件(jian)沿管(guan)線(xian)土(tu)層變化頻繁，所以在(zai)頂管(guan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前必須了解土(tu)層的(de)變化情(qing)況(kuang):此(ci)外對于要(yao)(yao)經過回填(tian)土(tu)地段，需(xu)要(yao)(yao)提(ti)前加固處理，以防頂管(guan)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后地表有(you)過大的(de)下沉(chen)。非開挖(wa)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)穿(chuan)越河流、湖泊、重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)交通干線(xian)、重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)建筑物，實現(xian)對諸如供(gong)水、煤氣、、污水、電(dian)信電(dian)纜等公(gong)用(yong)管(guan)線(xian)的(de)檢測、鋪設(she)、修復與更(geng)換(huan)的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)。