光(guang)伏(fu)分布式屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)是一種(zhong)、環保的(de)(de)(de)能源(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)(yong)方式，其應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)領(ling)域(yu)廣(guang)泛且多(duo)樣(yang)(yang)。在(zai)(zai)住(zhu)(zhu)宅區，通(tong)過在(zai)(zai)居民屋頂(ding)(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)直接利用(yong)(yong)太陽(yang)能資(zi)源(yuan)(yuan)進行(xing)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，為住(zhu)(zhu)戶(hu)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)清(qing)潔、經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)，降(jiang)低(di)能源(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)本(ben)，提(ti)(ti)高居住(zhu)(zhu)環境的(de)(de)(de)環保性(xing)。在(zai)(zai)商業(ye)(ye)領(ling)域(yu)，光(guang)伏(fu)分布式屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)同樣(yang)(yang)發(fa)揮(hui)著重要作用(yong)(yong)。商業(ye)(ye)建(jian)筑(zhu)如商場、辦(ban)公(gong)(gong)樓等(deng)，其屋頂(ding)(ding)面積大、光(guang)照條(tiao)件好，非常(chang)適(shi)合安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)。通(tong)過屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)滿足商業(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)需求，減輕(qing)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)壓力(li)，還可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)高能源(yuan)(yuan)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)性(xing)，降(jiang)低(di)經營成(cheng)本(ben)。此外，在(zai)(zai)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)領(ling)域(yu)，光(guang)伏(fu)分布式屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)也有著廣(guang)闊的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)前景(jing)。農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)大棚(peng)、畜禽舍等(deng)場所(suo)(suo)，可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)利用(yong)(yong)其屋頂(ding)(ding)空間安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)，實(shi)現農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)與光(guang)伏(fu)的(de)(de)(de)有機(ji)結合。這不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)生產提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)支持，還可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)高農(nong)(nong)產品的(de)(de)(de)品質和產量(liang)，促進農(nong)(nong)業(ye)(ye)可(ke)(ke)持續發(fa)展。同時，公(gong)(gong)共(gong)設(she)施(shi)領(ling)域(yu)也是光(guang)伏(fu)分布式屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)重要應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)領(ling)域(yu)。公(gong)(gong)共(gong)建(jian)筑(zhu)、交通(tong)設(she)施(shi)等(deng)場所(suo)(suo)的(de)(de)(de)屋頂(ding)(ding)安(an)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)光(guang)伏(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)池(chi)板(ban)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)應(ying)(ying)，還可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)降(jiang)低(di)能源(yuan)(yuan)成(cheng)本(ben)，提(ti)(ti)升公(gong)(gong)共(gong)設(she)施(shi)的(de)(de)(de)環保性(xing)能。總(zong)之，光(guang)伏(fu)分布式屋頂(ding)(ding)發(fa)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)領(ling)域(yu)多(duo)樣(yang)(yang)且廣(guang)泛，它不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)為各個領(ling)域(yu)提(ti)(ti)供(gong)(gong)清(qing)潔、經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)支持，還可(ke)(ke)以(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)推動能源(yuan)(yuan)結構的(de)(de)(de)優(you)化和環保事(shi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展。

光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電EPC（Engineering，Procurement，Ctruction）是(shi)一種(zhong)總承(cheng)包(bao)模式，涵蓋了光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)周期過程(cheng)。在(zai)EPC模式下(xia)，總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)負責項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可行(xing)性研究、設(she)計、設(she)備采購、施工(gong)、調試及驗收等(deng)環節，直至項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)交付(fu)使用(yong)。這(zhe)種(zhong)模式的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢在(zai)于，業主(zhu)可以將項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)大部分風險轉移給總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)，從而降低自身的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風險。總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)通過整合(he)設(she)計、采購、施工(gong)等(deng)資源，實(shi)現(xian)各環節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)無縫銜接，提高項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)執行(xing)效(xiao)率。此外，總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)還能借助規模化采購和長期合(he)作優勢，有效(xiao)控制項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)成本，優化設(she)計方案(an)(an)，從而實(shi)現(xian)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)收益化。在(zai)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電EPC項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)中，總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)不(bu)僅需(xu)要具備豐富的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)行(xing)業經驗和技術(shu)(shu)能力，還需(xu)對(dui)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)質量、安全(quan)、費用(yong)和進度(du)進行(xing)管理和控制。同時，分布式光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電站，業主(zhu)也(ye)需(xu)與總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)建立(li)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)溝通機制，確保項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順(shun)利進行(xing)和終(zhong)交付(fu)。總的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來(lai)說，光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電EPC模式為(wei)業主(zhu)提供(gong)了更加便捷、的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)解決(jue)方案(an)(an)，同時也(ye)為(wei)總承(cheng)包(bao)商(shang)提供(gong)了更廣闊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展空間。隨著光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)技術(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷(duan)發(fa)(fa)展和應(ying)用(yong)，EPC模式將在(zai)光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)發(fa)(fa)電領(ling)域發(fa)(fa)揮越來(lai)越重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，推動光(guang)(guang)伏(fu)產業的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)持續健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展。

分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)分(fen)散(san)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)資源(yuan)、裝(zhuang)機規(gui)模較小且布(bu)(bu)(bu)置在用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)系統(tong)。它特指采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)組件將(jiang)太陽能(neng)(neng)直接(jie)(jie)轉(zhuan)換(huan)為(wei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)系統(tong)，通常(chang)(chang)接(jie)(jie)入低(di)(di)于35千(qian)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)或(huo)更(geng)(geng)低(di)(di)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓等級的(de)(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)。分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)具有多(duo)種顯著特點。首先，其規(gui)模靈活，可(ke)以根據用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)需求(qiu)進(jin)行設計(ji)和(he)調整，既適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于小型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)住宅(zhai)分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，也適用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于大(da)型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)商業分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。其次，分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)局使得光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)更(geng)(geng)加接(jie)(jie)近(jin)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)負荷，有效減少輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)損耗(hao)，提高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效率(lv)。此外，分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)還具有低(di)(di)投資、短建(jian)設周(zhou)(zhou)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)優勢，相較于傳(chuan)統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)集(ji)中(zhong)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，其投資成本更(geng)(geng)低(di)(di)，建(jian)設周(zhou)(zhou)期更(geng)(geng)短。在環保節(jie)能(neng)(neng)方面，分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)表現突出。它不會產生溫室氣體排放(fang)，有助于減少環境污(wu)染和(he)應對氣候(hou)變化。同時(shi)，分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)作為(wei)傳(chuan)統(tong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)補充，提高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)供應的(de)(de)(de)(de)多(duo)樣性和(he)安(an)全性。分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)廣泛(fan)，尤其在城市(shi)建(jian)筑物(wu)屋頂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)發電(dian)(dian)(dian)項(xiang)目中(zhong)為(wei)常(chang)(chang)見。這類項(xiang)目必須接(jie)(jie)入公共(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)，與公共(gong)(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)網(wang)一(yi)(yi)起為(wei)附近(jin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)戶(hu)供電(dian)(dian)(dian)，有效緩解局地(di)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)緊張狀況。總的(de)(de)(de)(de)來說，分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)光(guang)伏(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)憑借其規(gui)模靈活、分(fen)布(bu)(bu)(bu)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)布(bu)(bu)(bu)局、低(di)(di)投資短周(zhou)(zhou)期以及環保節(jie)能(neng)(neng)等特點，在可(ke)再(zai)生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)領域(yu)具有重要地(di)位，對于推動能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)轉(zhuan)型(xing)、提高能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)效率(lv)、促進(jin)可(ke)持續發展具有重要意義。