橋式起(qi)重機的安全滑觸線(xian)

安(an)全(quan)滑觸線是一種新(xin)型移動供(gong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置，以其絕緣(yuan)、安(an)全(quan)、耐溫(wen)、抗(kang)振、節能等(deng)性能逐步替代了舊(jiu)式角鐵及銅(tong)排滑觸線。安(an)全(quan)滑觸線由(you)(you)填嵌在工程塑料型管(guan)或槽(cao)板中的光滑平(ping)整的T2銅(tong)排或嵌有耐磨(mo)導(dao)體的鋁型材作(zuo)為載(zai)流(liu)體，組合(he)成輸電(dian)(dian)(dian)導(dao)管(guan)，導(dao)管(guan)下有開口槽(cao)以利集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)運行，并由(you)(you)集電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)的高耐磨(mo)銅(tong)基石墨電(dian)(dian)(dian)刷將電(dian)(dian)(dian)力導(dao)向工作(zuo)電(dian)(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)。

橋式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)在(zai)使用中(zhong)易(yi)斷(duan)電(dian)(dian)，有時(shi)在(zai)輸電(dian)(dian)導(dao)管內產生(sheng)火(huo)花，電(dian)(dian)動單梁橋式(shi)起(qi)重(zhong)機(ji)，嚴重(zhong)時(shi)滑觸線有的響聲，造成集電(dian)(dian)器更換過于頻繁，影響生(sheng)產。為此，進行了(le)如下改進：

（1）增大集電(dian)器電(dian)刷倒(dao)角，并打磨光滑；

（2）增加集(ji)電器兩相對電刷(shua)間彈(dan)簧強(qiang)度、彈(dan)性，保證彈(dan)簧恢復自如；

（3）加(jia)深。加(jia)固集電(dian)器(qi)中的彈簧座(zuo)，保證電(dian)刷(shua)的恢復彈簧在(zai)工作中不易'串位'；

（4）兩(liang)段安全滑觸線連接處連接塊要有(you)倒角，保(bao)證(zheng)集電器(qi)平(ping)滑過渡。同(tong)時，為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)安全滑觸線的正常使用(yong)，行車工(gong)的規范操作、維修工(gong)的定(ding)期保(bao)養、定(ding)期檢查也(ye)。

龍門吊

龍門(men)吊(diao)出租冬季(ji)內(nei)(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)比較困(kun)難(nan)，起(qi)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)使用次數頻(pin)繁，若(ruo)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)功率不足，會(hui)(hui)進一步增加(jia)內(nei)(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)難(nan)度(du)，實踐(jian)表明，在夏季(ji)里，當(dang)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)功率略(lve)顯(xian)不足時，可能不會(hui)(hui)影響(xiang)內(nei)(nei)燃(ran)機(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)，電動(dong)(dong)雙梁(liang)橋式起(qi)重機(ji)(ji)，但到了冬季(ji)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)就會(hui)(hui)變得很(hen)困(kun)難(nan)，甚至不能起(qi)動(dong)(dong)，因此，入(ru)冬前應對起(qi)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)進行的(de)(de)保養，保持(chi)起(qi)動(dong)(dong)機(ji)(ji)各部件清潔(jie)，干燥，尤(you)其(qi)是電刷與換(huan)向器應接(jie)觸良(liang)好(hao)。

（1）軌道和車(che)擋的安裝。

（2）鋼軌鋪設前，橋式起重機廠家(jia)，首先(xian)應(ying)對鋼軌的端面直(zhi)線度(du)和扭(niu)曲進(jin)行(xing)檢查，合格后方可鋪設。

（3）吊裝軌(gui)道前(qian)，應確定(ding)軌(gui)道的安(an)裝基準(zhun)(zhun)線(xian)，軌(gui)道的安(an)裝基準(zhun)(zhun)線(xian)宜為吊車(che)梁的定(ding)位軸線(xian)。

（4）軌道的實際(ji)中心線(xian)對(dui)安裝基準線(xian)的水平位置的偏差不應(ying)大于5mm，對(dui)于梁式懸掛起重機不應(ying)大于3mm，龍門吊出(chu)租。

(2)?行(xing)星差速傳動減速器

重(zhong)型起重(zhong)機減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)一(yi)般(ban)采(cai)用(yong)多(duo)(duo)級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)速(su)(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)。一(yi)般(ban)行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)采(cai)用(yong)多(duo)(duo)級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)串(chuan)聯傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)，靠末級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)承擔載荷(he)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)。如圖(tu)(tu)1所示，載荷(he)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)由末級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)架(jia)與(yu)(yu)卷筒連(lian)(lian)接并輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)時，末級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)的體積會很大。而行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)速(su)(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)能將多(duo)(duo)級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)單(dan)元共同(tong)(tong)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)到(dao)齒(chi)圈輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)，如圖(tu)(tu)2顯(xian)示的是3級行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)齒(chi)輪(lun)都傳(chuan)遞(di)到(dao)齒(chi)圈共同(tong)(tong)輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)，圖(tu)(tu)3顯(xian)示的是齒(chi)圈與(yu)(yu)卷筒連(lian)(lian)接并輸(shu)(shu)出(chu)(chu)。當行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)速(su)(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)與(yu)(yu)一(yi)般(ban)行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)制造和工(gong)作條件相同(tong)(tong)時，新(xin)樂市(shi)橋式起重(zhong)機，行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)速(su)(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)質(zhi)量能減(jian)(jian)輕(qing)20%以上。因此行(xing)(xing)(xing)星(xing)(xing)差(cha)(cha)(cha)速(su)(su)(su)(su)傳(chuan)動(dong)(dong)是減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)輕(qing)量化的關鍵技術，其與(yu)(yu)定(ding)軸齒(chi)輪(lun)減(jian)(jian)速(su)(su)(su)(su)器(qi)(qi)參數對(dui)比如附(fu)表所示。

(3)?硬齒面齒輪熱(re)處理

采用(yong)硬齒(chi)(chi)(chi)面(mian)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪傳(chuan)動(dong)替代軟齒(chi)(chi)(chi)面(mian)或中硬齒(chi)(chi)(chi)面(mian)齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪傳(chuan)動(dong)，在一定范圍內可使減速器輕量(liang)化。對(dui)外齒(chi)(chi)(chi)輪采用(yong)滲碳(tan)鋼并經(jing)滲碳(tan)淬(cui)火處理，表(biao)面(mian)硬度可達(da)到58～62

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